Crop scientist targeting fungus threatening pumpkins, peppers
Illinois growers face significant economic losses due to Phytophthora capsici, a disease affecting pumpkins, peppers, and other crops. A crop can be lost in a week without intervention.
Science News for August 6, 2002
Other highlights in the August 7 issue of JNCI
Researchers found that MMP-9 expression contributes to angiogenesis in human ovarian tumors, while dense breasts compromise diagnostic mammography sensitivity. Aspirin users have a lower risk of developing pancreatic cancer, according to the study.
SourceJournal of the National Cancer Institute·JournalJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute·DateAug 6, 2002
Aspirin may help prevent pancreatic cancer
A study of over 7 years found that women taking aspirin two to five times per week had a lower risk of pancreatic cancer compared to those not taking it. The researchers estimate that aspirin use might prevent up to 43% of pancreatic cancer cases in women who do not normally take aspirin.
NASA and Canada study smoke from flaming Canadian forests
The AEROCAN subnetwork measures aerosols globally, verifying NASA's Terra satellite data and providing a complete picture of pollution. Forest fires in western Canada generate significant aerosol effects, affecting visibility and air quality.
Finding the right path
A mathematical model supports the use of drug cycling as a tool to control TB resistance, particularly in regions with increased mobility. The EU is identified as an example where this approach could be applied to address global health concerns.
Sick or sleepy -- No option in outer space
Space motion sickness affects 70% of first-time space travelers, causing nausea, vomiting, and cognitive impairment. Researchers are testing four drugs to find a safe alternative that reduces symptoms without affecting reaction time or memory.
Late blight-resistant potato to help Russian farmers
A new, late blight-resistant potato variety developed by Cornell University will be given to Russian company Dokagene Technologies. The potato can also resist golden nematodes, scab, and potato virus Y, making it a valuable resource for Russian farmers.
Mayo Clinic vaccine researcher calls for universal flu vaccine for elderly
Dr. Poland urges healthcare providers to improve influenza vaccination rates among the elderly, citing decades-long progress as 'unacceptably slow.' He proposes several strategies to achieve universal vaccination, including standing-order programs and reimbursement by Medicare.
Better access to health care is key to higher survival rates for African-Americans with colon cancer
Research suggests that African-Americans with colon cancer fare equally well when receiving the same treatment as white patients, dispelling long-held theories about innate biological differences. The study found no significant disparities in survival rates between the two groups five years after treatment.
SourceDana-Farber Cancer Institute·JournalJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute·DateAug 6, 2002
Findings support shorter course of radiation therapy after breast lumpectomy
A randomized trial found that a shorter radiation therapy course did not increase breast cancer recurrence or cosmetic issues, but may have quality-of-life benefits. The study suggests that women with small, completely removed tumors could potentially receive shorter, more convenient treatment.
SourceJournal of the National Cancer Institute·JournalJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute·DateAug 6, 2002
Structure of key receptor unlocked; Related proteins will fall like dominoes
Researchers have determined the structure of the HER3 receptor, providing a blueprint for designing new drugs that target this protein. The discovery has significant implications for cancer treatment, particularly for breast cancer patients who may benefit from alternative strategies to Herceptin.
Dartmouth researchers identify multi-tasking circadian protein
Dartmouth researchers identify a multi-tasking circadian protein called White Collar-1 that plays a critical role in regulating biological clocks. The protein is found to be both the photoreceptor and the mechanism that turns on the frequency gene, revealing a relatively simple process between light perception and gene activation.
Dietary change may prevent the most serious form of prostate cancer
A new study found that men with early-stage prostate cancer who follow a low-fat diet have half the risk of late-stage disease compared to those who consume more fat. Low-fat diets also reduced blood levels of testosterone, which fuels prostate growth and may contribute to cancer development.
'Fowl-howl' ties discovered between birds, monkeys
A study by Duke University scientists found that excess plant-eating monkeys on small islands spur extra tree growth, boosting insect populations that attract birds. The density of birds is strongly correlated with the density of howler monkeys.
Treatable psychiatric symptoms common with degenerative brain disease
A study by Johns Hopkins scientists has found that up to 80% of patients with degenerative brain diseases such as Huntington's disease also suffer from depression, impaired thinking, and changes in personality. The researchers believe that many symptoms can be eased with treatment, improving the quality of life for these patients.
A look at development, rural trends, birds
Researchers at the University of Michigan found that low-density exurban development increased by 2000 to occupy nearly 10 times the area of urbanized land, while agricultural land use decreased in some areas. Special planning can help minimize environmental impact through designs that deliver public benefits like clean water and nativ...