Researchers discovered specialized domains on nerve cell surfaces that regulate the entry of molecules, revising a long-held theory. These 'endocytic zones' control receptor transport and are also entry points for nutrients and pathogens, offering new insights into brain development and neurological disorders.
A study by Duke University Medical Center found that agreements between academic medical centers and industry sponsors rarely include provisions to protect researchers' independence, access to data, and editorial control. This can lead to compromised scientific integrity and a lack of transparency in clinical trials.
Kathryn Hach-Darrow, a renowned entrepreneur and industry leader, will receive the Pittcon Heritage Award at CHF's annual conference. She pioneered the growth of the Hach Company into a global firm focused on water analysis and testing.
A University of Florida study found that college-age men were more prone to excessive exercise and related negative effects compared to women. Men who exercised for physical and mental well-being benefits were more likely to become dependent on working out.
Researchers found three distinct clusters of patients with different memory and brain profile patterns, suggesting multiple disease mechanisms. The 'cortical' subtype showed temporal lobe pathology, while the 'subcortical' subtype featured frontal-striatal region issues.
Seismologists have made significant progress in identifying violations of the nuclear test ban treaty by analyzing technical characteristics of seismic signals. Nearly all questionable events since 1995 have been identified as nuclear explosions, chemical explosions, earthquakes, or mine collapses.
Scientists at Rutgers and Albert Einstein College of Medicine investigate C. elegans worm model to understand age-related muscle deterioration. They find a key enzyme involved in this process, which could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for sarcopenia in humans.
A mild brain injury can make brain cells vulnerable to the immune system's attack, leading to worsening of Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. Researchers discovered that drugs targeting specific immune proteins could reduce neural damage in these conditions.
The UniProt database will consolidate existing protein databases SWISS-PROT, TrEMBL, and PIR to provide a non-redundant source of protein information. The new database aims to facilitate research on human disease and translate basic science into clinical applications.
The paper proposes an experimentally realizable circuit and an efficient scheme to implement scalable quantum computing. Researchers aim to overcome two major stumbling blocks: preparing, manipulating, and measuring fragile quantum states and controlling connectivity between many qubits.
A study of 28 young women found that consuming isoflavone-enriched soy protein supplements for a year did not increase bone mineral density. The researchers assessed the bone mineral content and density of each subject using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometric measurements.
A team led by Zhang aims to improve daily weather forecasts by integrating vast amounts of observational data. Ensemble-based data assimilation focuses on incorporating uncertainties surrounding previous forecasts and current observations, using statistics to estimate initial conditions.
Brauman is being recognized for his groundbreaking research on how molecules react, determining reaction rates and products. He will present an after-dinner talk on the impact of technology on basic science at a banquet on November 9.
Researchers establish superconductivity in lithium at pressures greater than 30 GPa, with critical temperatures ranging from 9 K to 16 K. This finding contradicts theory and sparks interest in searching for high-temperature superconductivity in light element compounds.
Virtual Jamestown aims to shape the national dialogue on the founding of Jamestown colony. The project will allow researchers and teachers to compare it with other colonial efforts and examine American culture origins.
Researchers at UC Berkeley have found that the adult brain has more capabilities to change than previously thought. By exposing non-detectors to a specific odor, they showed that both nostrils can learn to detect it, suggesting a central component in the brain is involved in olfactory learning.
Researchers have developed a method to culture and expand cord blood-derived stem cells, increasing their number by over 100-fold. The expanded cells showed improved potency in reconstituting the recipient's blood and immune cell systems.
A new map shows that 83 percent of the land's surface is under human influence, but still, wild areas remain, offering opportunities for conservation. The study also found that even in heavily influenced areas, wildlife can thrive, such as in India where tigers coexist with one billion people.
Researchers uncover the role of parasympathetic innervation in fat distribution, revealing functional implications for obesity. Additionally, studies explore the molecular mechanisms behind long QT-3 syndrome, immunodeficiencies, and intestinal lymphocyte recruitment, shedding light on novel therapeutic targets.
Cornell University's Macaulay Library has gained access to digital sound recordings and high-definition video clips, enabling researchers, conservationists, and citizen-scientists to support ornithology projects. The new system provides streaming capabilities for sounds and video over the Internet and maintains all digital assets.
Researchers at Virginia Tech's Bioinformatics Institute will sequence the genomes of two Phytophthora species, including one that causes over $1 billion in soybean losses annually. The project aims to understand how these pathogens operate and develop strategies to control them, with potential benefits for marine species like diatoms.
Gene Network Sciences will use the federal grant to learn how pharmaceuticals work against cancer cells, creating computer models to identify nontoxic drug targets. The company aims to make drug-discovery more predictable for pharmaceutical and biotech companies with its new technology.
The UNC Conte Center will conduct four interrelated studies using distinct research methods to identify critical brain events triggering the development of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. The center aims to explain how certain behavioral and neurobiological factors transform normal individuals into those with schizophrenia.
Researchers found ways to incorporate microbe/mineral interactions into high school science lessons, including physics, math, biology, chemistry, and earth sciences. The project aims to bring nanotechnology out of the lab and into secondary school classrooms through teacher training and lesson development.
Researchers found that glutinous rice originated in Southeast Asia due to a single genetic mutation in the Waxy gene, which suppresses amylose and gives it its sticky composition. The study also suggests that early Asian farmers selectively bred glutinous rice for its desirable traits.
A study by Shinya Ugawa and colleagues found that acid sensing ion channels (ASICs) function as acid sensors within a specific pH range, while VR1 receptors are not involved. The ASICs inhibitor amiloride may be a useful analgesic for treating localized pain within this range.
The UCLA SPORE will focus on identifying new molecular targets for therapies and investigating nutritional strategies to prevent prostate cancer. Researchers will work together to develop targeted therapies that focus on what is broken in the cancer cell.
A new study published in Obesity Research reveals that shedding excess pounds decreases activity of the ACE enzyme, a key player in high blood pressure regulation. By losing weight, individuals can lower their risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and kidney disease, as well as experience significant improvements in blood pressure.
The GuardianWATCH system, developed by Lehigh University professor Terry Boult, offers several critical advantages over traditional surveillance systems. It provides real-time video footage of intruders' movements and alerts security personnel to track the situation instantly.
The program aims to seed China with genetic expertise, focusing on medical genetics and responsible use of genetic research. Trainees will receive instruction in genetic epidemiology and biostatistics, as well as opportunities for postdoctoral positions or graduate studies.
A recent survey found that people with ankylosing spondylitis often experience delayed diagnosis, with two-thirds not receiving a proper diagnosis until at least five years after symptoms began. This delay can lead to permanent spinal damage and disability, affecting daily life, including mobility, sleep, and sex life.
Researchers at UIC have identified a compound that inhibits cell migration, a process linked to cancer progression. The discovery uses a high-throughput assay and has the potential to be used in combination therapies against cancer.
A new study confirms Pfiesteria cultures can produce a toxic compound, contradicting previous claims that it was non-toxic. The research used standardized methods to test the strain, showing it could kill fish at low cell densities, and detected a potent water-soluble toxin in both pure culture and with algae.
Resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, also known as hospital staph, have become increasingly prevalent worldwide. Researchers have identified key differences in the structure of penicillin-binding protein 2A (PBP2a), which enables it to resist beta-lactam antibiotics.
A large cohort study found that high dietary vitamin E intake was associated with a significantly lower risk of developing Parkinson's disease. However, the use of vitamin E or C supplements and multivitamins showed no protective effect on Parkinson's risk. The results suggest that other lifestyle factors may also play a role in reduci...
Researchers used Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DWMRI) to visualize and measure water characteristics in mouse tumors before and after chemotherapy. They found a significant correlation between water diffusion properties prior to treatment and subsequent tumor growth rate.
Two studies found significant relationships between GERD, peptic ulcer disease, and hiatal hernia with insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness. Researchers measured sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index exam and objective measures like polysomnography.
The Mayo Clinic study shows RF ablation can effectively kill cancer cells causing bone pain, with 95% of patients experiencing significant pain relief. The procedure takes 30-60 minutes and alleviates pain by killing nerve endings and cancer tissue.
A recent study suggests that shunting cerebrospinal fluid may help slow cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer's disease. In a small, controlled trial, patients with Alzheimer's and normal pressure hydrocephalus experienced relative stability compared to those without shunts.
A study of 12 Fighting Back communities found no reduction in drug and alcohol use rates despite coordinated strategies, whereas implementing strategies aimed at adults increased rates.
A study suggests that diesel cars could warm the climate more over time than gasoline-powered vehicles, even with lower CO2 emissions. This is because soot from diesel engines has a shorter lifetime in the air and warms it more intensely.
Researchers induce leukemia cells to change behavior and stimulate immune system, killing significant numbers of leukemia cells in a 3-step process. The approach has shown strong killing effect against AML cell lines but not other types of cancer, with potential for safe transfer back into patients.
A new survey reveals that over 65% of IBS patients in the US experience debilitating symptoms, with 97% consulting healthcare professionals in the past three months. The study also shows significant economic burdens, with $258 average spend on GI disorders per month.
Researchers found that smoking is an important risk factor for developing colorectal polyps, with smokers being more likely to have larger polyps and a greater potential for malignancy. The study suggests that physicians should consider performing screening colonoscopy in current smokers before age 50.
The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) has been safely dismantled and removed, marking a significant milestone in the history of fusion research. The successful decommissioning demonstrates the promise of fusion as an environmentally attractive energy source, with minimal production of waste.
Early results of North American trials of oxaliplatin show a 70% delay in tumour progression and significant improvement in symptoms for patients with advanced bowel cancer. The US FDA has approved the drug for use in these patients.
A study by University College London found that countries with stronger 'buckle up' laws experienced significant increases in seat belt use, up to 64% more respondents reporting use in 2000. Positive attitudes toward safety equipment played a key role in this shift.
A new trial shows that high-dose chemotherapy has no significant benefits for women with severe breast cancer. However, molecularly targeted drugs in combination with chemotherapy show promising results.
Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are more likely to experience bedwetting and bowel problems, according to a study published at the American Academy of Pediatrics annual meeting. The researchers found that a computerized feedback technique significantly reduced these issues in children without ADHD.
Researchers have developed a new genetic screening method that narrows the pool of candidate genes from thousands to fewer than 100, potentially saving time and money. The technique uses a combination of quantitative trait locus mapping and microarray technology to identify genes with differential expression, which are more likely to b...
Scientists have developed a new genetic screening technique that narrows the pool of candidate genes from thousands to fewer than 100, potentially speeding up the search for genes responsible for inherited traits. The method combines two established techniques and has been tested on fruit flies, with promising results.
A study found that treating acid reflux significantly improved quality of life and reduced asthma symptoms in patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma. The use of a proton pump inhibitor, such as lansoprazole, was shown to offer significant benefits for these patients.
Screening for colorectal cancer is vital for early detection, with a significant reduction in mortality rates associated with early detection. Current techniques like colonoscopy are effective but expensive, prompting the need for alternative methods.
The new CIPRA grant will address HIV/AIDS as a family issue, not just an individual problem. The research aims to develop practical techniques tailored to the needs of South African families, with a focus on prevention, treatment, and social support services for those living with HIV/AIDS.
Researchers found that fructose intolerance causes abnormal hydrogen gas in breath and gastrointestinal symptoms like bloating and diarrhea. A low-fructose diet or antibiotic therapy may be recommended for symptomatic patients.
Researchers used fMRI to directly compare human and monkey brain activity, discovering differences in areas of the visual cortex. The study found that humans have distinct regions involved in processing 3-D images, which do not exist in monkeys.
The AAAS-led Center aims to improve science curriculum materials by incorporating sound research and effective teaching strategies. The center will work closely with local school-district partners to develop a cadre of experts in science curriculum materials R&D.
Researchers have discovered a new therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's and neurodegenerative diseases by targeting the p53 protein. The compounds have been shown to prevent cell death and damage in animal models of stroke, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's disease.
Distributed computing experiment simulates protein folding, predicting folding rates and trajectories. Laboratory experiments confirm predictions, showing excellent agreement with simulated data.
Williams College researcher Dr. Fein has received a $240,455 NSF grant to investigate the links between social context, physiological arousal, and cognitive appraisals in relation to student underperformance. The research team will include experts from education, neuroscience, health, cognitive psychology, and social psychology.