A new survey demonstrates that perceptions of physical activity do not match the reality, with many adults and teenagers overestimating their exercise levels. The study highlights the importance of finding effective ways to educate parents and teens about the need for regular physical activity.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a technique to create a porous, 3D bony matrix similar to natural bone. The method uses flowing fluids to provide mechanical stimulation, resulting in thicker and more developed mineralized bone compared to static samples.
The projects will investigate low dose radiation effects on human cells, DNA repair, and respiratory cells. Funding is provided by the DOE Office of Science's Office of Biological and Environmental Research and NASA's Space Radiation Health Program.
A focused microwave heat therapy technique shows promise in killing tumor cells before surgery and radiation, with a majority of patients experiencing significant tumor kill. The technology was invented by MIT researchers and is being developed into a clinical thermotherapy system by Celsion Corporation.
The Mayo Clinic study highlights the effectiveness of opioids in relieving chronic lower back pain, despite controversy over misuse and potential drug dependence. The research emphasizes the need for careful patient selection and close monitoring to ensure safe treatment outcomes.
Research suggests that smoking during adolescence increases the risk of breast cancer in women by 70%, particularly those who start smoking within five years of menarche. This is due to the sensitivity of human breast tissue to environmental carcinogens during periods of rapid cell proliferation, such as puberty.
Researchers analyzed Anopheles gambiae genome for transposable elements to develop new ways to prevent malaria transmission. The study's findings have the potential to inform the design of new strategies against this devastating disease.
Sexual violence is rooted in gender power inequalities and hierarchical relationships, with prevention efforts extending to health services, education, and social policies. Health professionals play a crucial role in supporting victims and promoting autonomy, bodily integrity, and self-esteem.
Scientists discovered well-preserved carbon dioxide and other compounds in deep-sea basalt, providing a rare glimpse into the Earth's mantle composition. This data may help determine the rate at which carbon dioxide is supplied to the atmosphere through volcanoes.
The sequencing of both P. falciparum and its insect vector heralds a new era in the fight against malaria. This detailed map of the parasite's 5,300 genes will enable investigators to design targeted anti-malarial drugs.
The malaria parasite evolved from a plant-like organism that survived by photosynthesis, and its relict chloroplast contains genes associated with anti-malarial drug targets. At least 12 new drug targets have been identified, providing leads for safe herbicides and antibiotics.
Scientists at the University of Michigan have developed a model that explains how slabs in the Earth's mantle drive convection and surface plate motion. The research found that slabs attached to plates can directly pull them towards subduction zones, while those not well attached create suction forces drawing nearby plates towards the ...
Researchers at TSRI identified over 2,400 proteins in Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly malaria parasite, which may lead to new vaccine targets. The study sheds light on how the pathogen causes malaria and could help scientists understand its lifecycle.
A team of researchers led by A. Welford Castleman Jr. has discovered exactly how an acid compound dissolves molecule by molecule using water molecules as a solvent. The study found that the interaction of four surrounding water molecules with the hydrogen-bromide molecule tips the energy balance, triggering its eventual dissolution.
Scientists at Oregon Health & Science University have identified a potential target for anxiety-reducing drugs that may be less addictive and have fewer side effects. The research found that mice lacking a certain enzyme exhibit reduced anxiety levels, providing insight into the mechanisms of stress creation.
Scientists successfully delivered a tracer molecule to the primate brainstem using CED, tracking its movement with MRI and demonstrating uniform concentrations throughout the perfused area. This breakthrough has potential to improve treatment outcomes for children with brainstem gliomas and other neurological diseases
A German study found exposure to house dust endotoxin is associated with lower allergic sensitization in school children. Researchers also discovered that females are more sensitive to coughing agents than males. Occupational exposure to dust and fumes is linked to increased respiratory symptoms and asthma risk.
Researchers found that aspirin use did not decrease the effectiveness of ACE inhibitor therapy in patients. The combination of both treatments significantly reduced major vascular outcomes by 22%, producing substantial additional benefits for patients at high risk of events.
Researchers found that antiphospholipid antibodies were 1.87 times more likely to cause a stroke in young women. The presence of these antibodies was also associated with recurrent miscarriage and low platelet counts.
Researchers at Scripps Research have created a novel technology to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in malaria parasites, enabling the identification of drug-resistant strains and mapping their spread. The new approach uses gene chips to analyze thousands of SNPs simultaneously.
A team of researchers at the University of Toronto has identified a protein and developed a prototype vaccine that shows promise in treating Sjögren syndrome. The vaccine was able to stop disease progression even after the condition had fully developed.
The Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center is developing a blood test for breast cancer detection, using biomarkers such as circulating breast-tumor cells and growth factors. The project aims to improve breast-cancer detection and diagnosis by complementing mammography with molecular-screening tools.
The American Chemical Society's Scholars Program received a $100,000 boost from Procter & Gamble to emphasize the importance of diversity in the chemical sciences. The program supports academically accomplished African American, Hispanic and Native American students pursuing undergraduate studies in chemistry-related disciplines.
Healthy, nondividing cells have a biochemical switch that triggers apoptosis when inactivated by deamidation of Bcl-xL protein. This discovery suggests that tumor cells with the same switch may be resistant to chemotherapy drugs.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine found that nurse case management significantly improves risk factor management in patients with coronary heart disease. The program led to healthier diet and exercise patterns, as well as higher achievement of recommended cholesterol levels, compared to minimal intervention.
The Council on Competitiveness symposium features Carnegie Mellon's ESM (End System Multicast) technology, enabling efficient and cost-effective live streaming over the Internet. With its distributed coordination mechanism, ESM adapts to network dynamics for optimal bandwidth and latency.
The research aims to identify genes contributing to the development of anorexia nervosa, a serious and potentially lethal illness. The study will build on recent genetic studies and gather data from 400 families affected by the condition.
The new assessment tool identifies critical nodes in agricultural production processes and assesses relative vulnerability to attacks. Local authorities will use the process to evaluate their capability to respond and identify needs for additional planning, training, and equipment.
The HHS has awarded contracts to Avecia and VaxGen Inc. to develop a new anthrax vaccine that can provide immunity in three or fewer doses, reducing administration time. The vaccine will be produced using recombinant DNA technology and is expected to protect individuals from anthrax spores even if administered shortly after exposure.
Rutgers University is leading a $12.3 million NSF grant to improve math and science education in New Jersey schools, focusing on teacher recruitment, training, and performance. The project aims to increase achievement gaps and reduce disparities in STEM education for underrepresented students.