"To conduct this study, we used a strain of mouse that lacks an enzyme called protein kinase Ce (PKCe)," said Raber. "Earlier work showed that this enzyme interacts with GABA A receptors in the brain. As activation of GABA A receptors reduces anxiety, we tested whether PKCe deficiency reduces anxiety. This research demonstrated that a complete absence of the enzyme greatly reduces anxiety. While there are anxiety medications such as Valium currently on the market, these pharmaceuticals often act as a sedative. Even more concerning, many anxiety medications are addictive in nature. We believe this enzyme may be an ideal drug target for medications without serious side effects."
To examine stress and anxiety levels in the mice bred without PKCe, researchers recorded the animals' response to certain conditions and compared their reactions to normal mice. For instance, animals lacking PKCe were less timid about open lighted areas. These mice also exhibited reduced stress in response to being placed in a confined space for a limited amount of time.
"Much like mice, humans can also become stressed by their environment. Some people find riding in a crowded subway car to be a stressful activity," said Raber.
The research also helps explain the mechanisms involved in the body's creation of stress. With this information, physicians may use PKCe levels as a method of determining stress levels in their patients.
The State of California, the National Institute for Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, and other components of the National Institutes of Health supported this research.
ANXIETY STATISTICS
Journal of Clinical Investigation