Researchers found that model mice with pigment dispersion glaucoma had abnormal immune responses in their eyes, which preceded disease onset. The study suggests that loss of immune privilege may trigger the development of glaucoma.
A new class of anti-HIV medication, developed by Trimeris, has shown significant improvement in virologic and immunologic responses in patients with drug-resistant HIV. Enfuvirtide (T-20) works by blocking HIV entry into CD4 + lymphocytes and can benefit patients who already have HIV resistant to current therapy.
A study by Northwestern University found that juvenile detainees aged 10-18 engage in significantly higher rates of HIV-risk behaviors, with 95% exhibiting multiple sexual and drug risks. Boys were more likely to engage in riskier behaviors, while girls aged 16+ were more active sexually.
Greek Orthodox Christians who followed a fasting regimen experienced lower cholesterol and LDL levels in their blood. Regular fasting may provide long-term protection against heart disease by increasing the HDL/LDL ratio.
Researchers found that schools with condom availability programs had higher rates of condom use among sexually active teens, but not an increase in sexual activity. This suggests that condoms may be an effective means of preventing HIV/STDs and pregnancy when used by those who are already sexually active.
A study of 14 healthcare workers with SARS reveals lingering after effects and psychosocial impacts. The research highlights the challenges of discharging patients and provides valuable insights into treatment regimens and disease progression.
Researchers found nearly a third of HIV positive male couples became parents through assisted reproduction, while only one out of ten HIV positive female couples were successful. The study's findings suggest HIV positive men may be more suitable candidates for fertility treatments due to lower infection rates.
Duke University researchers found that exercise reduces potentially harmful cholesterol levels in the blood. The extent of this benefit depends on exercise amount and intensity, as well as gender. After a five-year trial, they discovered that high-intensity exercise led to sustained benefits in HDL cholesterol for both men and women.
Philip Morris advertised in gay media to 'own the market,' but quickly distanced itself from the community. The company ultimately settled a boycott by agreeing to financially support HIV/AIDS groups.
A new study examines how much of the nation's population lives within a certain distance of each county's center, revealing that areas in the South and West are making inroads. The leading edge of top-tier accessibility has inched southward from the Midwest and Northeast to include significant portions of North Carolina and Tennessee.
The study found that many HIV-infected gay and bisexual men tailor their sexual activity to reduce the risk of HIV transmission to casual partners they do not disclose to. Barriers to disclosure include stigma and fears of rejection, suggesting that public health efforts must address these concerns.
Researchers are conducting clinical trials at a new MIT facility dedicated to neutron capture therapy (NCT), which has shown promise in reducing damage to healthy tissues. The treatment involves administering a compound containing boron-10, followed by irradiation with epithermal neutrons, killing tumor cells while sparing healthy ones.
The Women's Entrepreneurial Life Science Initiative (WELSI) aims to address the disparity in venture capital funding between men and women. Recently, WELSI signed its first two women-led companies, one using nanotechnology for infectious diseases and cancer, and another developing software for medical image archiving.
A recent study found that whey protein increased glutathione levels in human prostate cells by up to 64%, potentially protecting against prostate cancer. Whey contains the amino acid cysteine, essential for producing glutathione, which helps control free radicals.
The VA health system saw significant improvement in quality-of-care indicators after implementing reforms, including electronic medical records and accountability measures. The system outperformed Medicare on many measures, making it an excellent model for healthcare organizations to adopt.
Researchers at U of T have created a topographical map of the 'beating heart' of lasers, allowing for more accurate design and diagnosis. The study could influence laser design, improve diagnosis of faulty lasers, and potentially reduce manufacturing costs.
Researchers from Brookhaven and Argonne labs develop a non-destructive plasma valve to quickly contain air breaches in high-energy electron beams. The valve uses ionized gas to separate atmospheric pressure from a vacuum, allowing for faster vacuum-air separation and reduced damage to machinery.
The UC Riverside team designed a single-rider bicycle, Victory, which achieved a top speed of 50 miles per hour and ranked 8th overall. The team won recognition for their design and endurance capabilities, with notable performances in the sprint and grand prix events.
A study of 16,608 postmenopausal women found that estrogen plus progestin therapy was associated with a 31% higher risk of stroke compared to placebo. The risk for ischemic stroke was particularly elevated, with a 44% increase.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have identified a protease in the SARS virus genome, which could be a target for new drugs. The team is now working to characterize the protease's structure and properties to validate its value as a drug development target.
A study of over 570 children found that those who were breastfed had better math, spelling, and reading skills compared to bottle-fed children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy. The researchers suggest that long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in breast milk may promote brain development and counteract the negative effects of smo...
A study by Cornell University researchers found that listeriosis cases are more likely to occur in clusters, which can help identify the source of contamination. This new understanding has the potential to prevent outbreaks and save lives.
Researchers have developed the most effective commercially available black coating, NPL Super Black, with a low reflectance of 0.35% in the visible region. This breakthrough has significant implications for fields like radiometry, spectroscopy, and optical metrology, where stray light reduction is crucial.
A study found that regular indoor swimming pool attendance is associated with increased lung damage and a higher risk of childhood asthma. The researchers measured lung proteins in children who swam regularly at indoor pools, finding significant associations with cellular damage and respiratory issues.
Researchers found that nitrogenous bases could protect primordial RNA from UV radiation, leading to a selective advantage and increased stability. This mechanism may have driven the origin of life on Earth, turning high UV levels into a key factor in the process.
Research at Duke University Medical Center shows that physical inactivity leads to a significant increase in visceral fat, while high amounts of exercise can lead to significant decreases. The study also found that lower amounts of exercise prevented the accumulation of visceral fat but did not lead to improvements.
A nationwide study found that husbands and wives have significant differences in their reports of family finances, with men typically overestimating the couple's income and women overestimating the family's debts. These discrepancies may impact relationships and national economic statistics, according to Jay Zagorsky, author of the study.
A recent study found that combined hormone therapy increases the risk of dementia in women over 65, doubling the risk compared to placebo groups. The research suggests that hormone replacement therapy may be more harmful than helpful for preventing age-associated memory loss.
Research found that young children prefer and pay more attention to sounds than visual images when presented simultaneously. The study suggests that processing visual information is not difficult for children, but they have an auditory preference that helps them acquire language.
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that loblolly pines and Arabidopsis thaliana share 90% of their genes, despite being vastly different in appearance. This suggests that woody and herbaceous plants may have evolved using the same genetic mechanisms.
A team of astronomers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison developed a new optical technique that enables gamma-ray telescopes to quickly identify TeV blazars, reducing identification time from three months to just one day. This breakthrough may provide insight into black hole physics and the origin of cosmic rays.
Researchers found that patients with combined devices showed significant improvements in quality of life, physical functioning, and exercise capacity compared to those without the devices. The study's findings have implications for treating heart failure, a disease with a five-year mortality rate of 50 percent after diagnosis.
A Penn State researcher found that few churches have adopted IT tools, leaving them out of funding opportunities. Churches can provide digital literacy to bridge the digital divide and support urban areas.
A new study reveals that modern humans originated from a small ancestral population in sub-Saharan Africa, with genetic splits occurring between hunter-gatherer populations and African farming people around 70,000-140,000 years ago. This finding supports the 'out-of-Africa' theory and provides insights into human migration patterns.
A NASA study found that urban heat islands in coastal cities like Houston cause warmer air to rise, interact with sea breezes, and create heavier rainfall. The study also suggests that this effect may be more pronounced near coasts.
A Penn State researcher found that less than 30% of drivers recognize the Slow Moving Vehicle (SMV) sign. The sign's inconsistent day/night appearance and potential confusion with other symbols contribute to the low comprehension rate. Improving motorist education and enforcement could help increase recognition.
Researchers found that women taking estrogen and progestin experienced a twice increased risk of dementia compared to those on placebo pills over a 5-year period. The most common type of dementia was probable Alzheimer's disease, accounting for 66% of cases.
A survey of US radiology residents found that most were hesitant to pursue breast imaging training or interpret mammograms due to negative attitudes and perceived drawbacks. The shortage of qualified radiologists is expected to worsen as demand for screening mammography services increases with an aging population.
A study by the University of Alberta has found that giving people drugs to treat back pain can improve performance. The research team led by Dr. Saifee Rashiq ran a randomized controlled trial where participants were injected with a strong narcotic painkiller and completed the Sorensen test, showing a significant increase in functional...
A novel flu vaccine developed by The Wistar Institute has generated a strong antibody response in mice, offering hope for a more stable and effective vaccine. The vaccine targets a stable region of the virus, potentially providing long-term protection against flu strains.
A recent study by Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center found that combination hormone therapy increases the risk of probable dementia in women aged 65 and older, with approximately 23 additional cases per year. The study's results highlight the importance of considering alternative approaches to preventing cognitive decline.
The McGill University MNI de Grandpré Communications Centre has won the top prize in the International Room Competition, recognized for its innovative design and cutting-edge technology. The Centre's advanced features include multimedia presentations, videoconferencing, and state-of-the-art presentation equipment.
Vitamin A supplements have saved millions of lives by preventing childhood blindness and reducing mortality rates. Dr. Alfred Sommer's research also shows that supplementing women with vitamin A can reduce maternal mortality by an average of 45 percent.
Researchers in the Bahamas are creating one of the world's first marine reserve networks to preserve fish abundance and variety while maintaining fishing harvests. The study aims to design a sustainable fishing system through a multidisciplinary approach, incorporating economic, ecotourism, and political factors.
Researchers found that nearly half of men with elevated PSA levels had returned to normal levels after a year or more, making unnecessary biopsies possible. Repeating the PSA test after waiting at least six weeks may reduce unnecessary procedures and small incidental tumors.
A team approach combining medical tests, operative biopsies, and precise surgery successfully cured 31 of 34 newborns with focal congenital hyperinsulinism (HI). The procedure involves removing the diseased portion of the pancreas while preserving the rest of the organ.
Researchers aim to develop anti-microbial drugs by targeting enzymes in microbial pathways that synthesize essential amino acids. Structural information of these enzymes will be obtained using x-ray crystallography, paving the way for designing candidate inhibitors.
A study conducted at Lausanne University Hospital found that MDCT accurately depicted more spine fractures than conventional x-rays, with a sensitivity rate of nearly three times higher. This innovation could save time, money, and radiation exposure for patients admitted to emergency departments for severe trauma.
Researchers found a genetic connection between blood flow patterns and cardiovascular disease, with oscillatory shear stress leading to increased expression of the protein BMP4. This finding may help explain why physical inactivity promotes heart disease and could lead to new diagnostic tests or gene-based therapies.
A recent study published in Personality and Social Psychology Review by Christine Harris questions the evolutionary theory of sex differences in jealousy. She finds that men and women view sexual and emotional jealousy in a similar light, with many studies failing to account for individual variability and cultural influences. Harris su...
Scientists have successfully silenced mutant genes without affecting normal gene copies using RNA interference, a promising approach for treating diseases like Machado-Joseph disease, Huntington's, and Alzheimer's. This breakthrough technique has the potential to selectively turn off disease-causing genes, preserving essential normal g...
Scientists have found evidence of hot gases on the perimeter of the Coalsack, a cold dust cloud nearby the Milky Way. This discovery may help resolve debates about oxygen VI generation and provide new insights into star formation and galaxy energy production.
Scientists create a nanoscale, layered material that replicates the properties of mother-of-pearl, including its iridescence. The artificial nacre consists of alternating layers of clay and a polymer, providing strong, yet flexible, materials for various applications.
A massive tsunami is predicted to hit the Atlantic Coast on March 16, 2880, as a result of an asteroid impact. The simulation models a 2-mile diameter asteroid striking the ocean at 38,000 mph, generating waves up to 400 feet high and affecting coastal areas from Cape Cod to Cape Hatteras.
Astronomers have discovered seven planet-forming disks, extending up to 100 times larger than previously seen disks, around infant stars in the constellations Orion and Perseus. These discoveries suggest that planets may form at much greater distances from stars, making them easier to detect.
Two studies found a strong connection between diabetes, hypertension, and serious eye disease, particularly among black populations. Higher systolic blood pressure and poor diabetes control increase the risk of diabetic retinopathy and related conditions like open-angle glaucoma.
Researchers observed mass-losing stars in cataclysmic variables and found most secondary stars lack carbon and other elements. The unusual abundance patterns suggest stellar material formed through CNO burning, a process thought to occur in high-mass stars.
A study of 74 eyes found that corneal ring segments significantly improved uncorrected and best-spectacle corrected visual acuity in keratoconus patients. The use of Intacs provides a less invasive solution, changing the curvature of the cornea without removing tissue.
A study of 104 eyes found that superior-hinged LASIK flaps resulted in reduced corneal sensation and increased dry eye symptoms. The American Academy of Ophthalmology recommends using nasal-hinged flaps to minimize the risk of dry eye complications.
A woman with frontotemporal dementia transforms her painting style from realistic to more expressive and emotionally charged as her language abilities decline. Her artwork showcases an intense emotional and impressionistic style, revealing the release of frontal lobe functions involved in social restraints.