A new study found that immigration status significantly increases the risk of psychiatric disorders among US-born individuals compared to foreign-born counterparts. The study analyzed data from over 43,000 US adults and revealed a higher lifetime rate of psychiatric disorders among US-born Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic Whites.
Research suggests that impulsive behavior in animals, including blue jays, may be an evolutionary adaptation to foraging in the wild. The study found that birds prioritized immediate rewards over delayed ones, as they would often forget about food and continue foraging. This impulsiveness may have been beneficial for survival but is no...
Research subjects who slept only four hours a night experienced an 18% decrease in leptin and a 28% increase in ghrelin, leading to a 24% increase in appetite. The study also found that sleep-deprived individuals tend to crave more sugary and salty foods.
A study found that having an imaginary companion is common among school-age children, with 31% playing with one at age 7. The companions varied widely in form and function, including invisible humans and animals. Imaginary play appears to be an ongoing process that helps children develop social understanding and emotional regulation.
Research found that only 28.3% of children received specialty mental health services, with younger children and those remaining at home facing disproportionately low rates. Increased coordination between local child welfare and mental health agencies led to better service use rates and decreased racial disparities.
A study of 1,718 people found that COX-2 inhibitor rofecoxib was associated with a higher risk of heart attack compared to celecoxib and older non-selective non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NANSAIDs). In contrast, those who used NANSAIDs had a decreased risk for myocardial infarction.
Researchers at Brown University have identified an enzyme called Udx1 that generates hydrogen peroxide to block sperm entry and protect the fragile embryo. The discovery sheds light on a century-old mystery of how eggs defend themselves against sperm, with potential implications for understanding fertilization and early development.
Researchers found that diabetics with mental disorders were more likely to have poorer diabetes control and experience complications. The study's findings highlight the need for comprehensive care that addresses both physical and mental health needs.
A study analyzing US children's weight trends found increasing overweight prevalence (28 states >10% in 2000) while underweight decreased, indicating a national problem. The researchers call for expanded prevention and intervention efforts to reverse the trend.
Researchers found that NASA's current guidelines, which allow for two-hour phase delays in bedtime, can lead to disruptions in sleep and alertness. The study suggests that gradual changes in sleep schedule may be more effective in minimizing negative consequences.
A study found that nearly one in five commercials during televised major sporting events show unsafe behavior, with bicycles ridden without helmets being depicted frequently. The study also revealed that 14% of commercials showed unsafe behavior, while 6% displayed violence, mostly in movies and TV programs.
A new tiger subspecies has been identified through a genetic analysis of over 130 tigers, suggesting six living subspecies rather than the traditional five. The study provides valuable data for conservation strategies and captive breeding programs to combat the decline of wild tiger populations.
Researchers suggest that the parathyroid gland evolved from the gills of ancestral marine creatures to regulate calcium levels in land-living animals. The discovery supports the idea that humans and other tetrapods share a common evolutionary history with fish.
The Levitated Dipole Experiment (LDX) at MIT and Columbia University is conducting basic studies of confined high-temperature matter and investigating plasma for potential fusion energy. Scientists are using powerful magnets to initiate, sustain, and control plasma in a process that releases large amounts of energy.
New research presented at the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting reveals promising results for tipifarnib, a potential treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in elderly patients. The study found molecular predictors of response to tipifarnib, offering hope for improved patient outcomes.
The NHLBI halted a clinical trial on periodic blood transfusions for patients with sickle cell anemia due to the treatment's proven effectiveness in preventing strokes. However, the trial also highlighted potential long-term side effects such as iron overload and the need for ongoing monitoring.
The new compound BMS-354825 successfully overcomes Gleevec resistance in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, showing an 85% success rate in phase I clinical trials. Researchers believe the drug's unique mechanism of action may provide a solution to this common problem.
Research reveals chimpanzees' brain anatomy is asymmetric in key areas, particularly the hippocampus, similar to humans. This finding suggests that asymmetry may be a fundamental aspect of primate nervous systems and influences behavior, such as facial expressions and spatial memory.
New data from the largest study on CML patients (1106) showed improved rates of progression-free survival and durable responses to imatinib. Patients with early cytogenetic responses achieved higher progression-free survival rates, with 93% at 42 months compared to 74% without
Researchers found asymmetries in KNOB and language brain region correspond to right- and left-handedness, challenging previous theory of human-chimpanzee brain differences. The Yerkes National Primate Research Center is a leader in biomedical and behavioral studies involving nonhuman primates.
Researchers from the University of Toronto developed a new method for predicting mammalian gene function by analyzing RNA expression patterns. They used a support vector machine algorithm to analyze over 40,000 known mouse mRNAs and predicted functions for thousands of genes, with high accuracy.
Researchers have discovered that BMS-354825 and AMN107 can effectively treat patients with leukemia who are resistant to Gleevec therapy. The studies found remarkable activity in these novel compounds, with high response rates and improved survival outcomes.
Researchers have successfully demonstrated that half-matched donor (haploidentical) natural killer cells can survive and persist to actively attack cancer cells, potentially leading to remission and eligibility for bone marrow transplant. This breakthrough treatment option shows promise for some patients with AML.
A recent study has shown that children with sickle cell disease who are at risk for having a stroke need to continue receiving transfusions to minimize their risk. The study found that of the 41 children who came off transfusions, 14 reverted to high-risk status within 10 months and two others had strokes shortly after.
A study by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center found that exposure to methylisothiazolinone (MIT), a common ingredient in shampoos and personal care products, can restrict the growth of axons and dendrites of immature rat nerve cells. This may have potentially damaging consequences for human development.
Research from the Women's Interagency HIV Study found that HIV-infected women with low platelet counts had a five-fold increased risk of dying due to any cause. The study also revealed that highly active antiretroviral therapy, such as HAART containing zidovudine, can boost platelet counts back to normal.
A new oral therapy, Zarnestra, has shown benefit in improving blood counts and preventing leukemia development in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The drug, a farnesyl transferase inhibitor, produces responses in about one-third of patients, offering hope for those at high-risk for developing acute myelogenous leukemia (AML).
Researchers found significant variations in GCSE exam entries between schools, driven by subject departments' performance and social background of peers, rather than school type or socio-economic status.
The Global Technology Confidence Index post-election survey found that US tech firms are optimistic about the re-election of President Bush, with over half believing it will benefit their industry. The report also revealed mixed views on business and technology confidence, with some regions experiencing a sharp decline in optimism.
A team of researchers led by Carnegie Mellon University's Danith Ly has developed a way to deliver promising genetic tools into living cells. The tools, called GPNAs, use modified PNAs with improved cell uptake properties and can target specific disease-causing proteins.
A recent study published in Journal of Bacteriology has identified the HipA gene responsible for making persister cells resistant to antibiotics. Biofilm infections, which can cause fatal lung infections, periodontal disease, and other serious health issues, are notoriously difficult to treat.
Researchers traced how SIV spreads through the mouth, digestive tract, and lymph nodes after oral infection, identifying key tissues and organs infected. The findings may lead to a better understanding of early infection and the development of an effective HIV vaccine.
Lab experiments showed lutein and zeaxanthin, found in leafy greens, protected human lens cells from UV damage, nearly 10 times more powerful than vitamin E. Nearly 20 million US citizens suffer from cataracts, a costly condition treated with surgery.
Researchers at Brown Medical School and Quality Partners tested a rapid-cycle quality improvement model to address persistent pain in nursing home residents. The study showed a significant reduction in pain, with 44% of homes using appropriate pain assessments and 82% using non-drug pain treatments.
A study published in Nature Structural and Molecular Biology reveals that cellular modifications to tRNA enhance its ability to decode genetic information at the atomic level. The research supports Agris' Modified Wobble Hypothesis, suggesting that modified nucleosides enable tRNA to decode more than one DNA code.
Researchers are examining dynamic allocation of spectrum to increase efficient use among multiple service providers. This could enable temporary spectrum access, useful for emergency communications and new wireless services.
Multidrug-resistant bacteria, including Enterococcus and staphylococci, were found airborne in concentrated swine operations. The study highlights the importance of environmental pathways in transmitting antibiotic-resistant bacteria from animals to humans.
Dr. Boswell is recognized for his achievements in civil and environmental engineering projects, including the Secaucus Interchange and Southern New Jersey Light Rail Transit System. He has also received numerous awards for his community service and entrepreneurial endeavors.
New discoveries have increased resolution on vertebrate morphological sequence, documented rapid tetrapod appearance, and sparked controversy over environmental factors. Research highlights adaptations that enable fish survival on land, including air-breathing organs and biochemical strategies.
Researchers found that mutated parkin genes combined with rotenone damage microtubules, disrupting dopamine transport and causing free radical release. This study may lead to novel therapies for Parkinson's disease by stabilizing microtubules against pesticide toxins.
Chandramouli and his team developed a platform-independent Rapid Steganographic Detection Suite (RSDS) to scan for hidden information in digital files, images, and emails. The software framework uses steganalytic tools and techniques to detect and analyze steganographic content, allowing users to identify potential security threats.
A PEG injection can prevent most dogs from suffering permanent spinal damage after injury, allowing nerve cells to heal themselves. Researchers found that nearly 75 percent of treated dogs resumed a normal life.
Researchers developed a real-time patient dose-tracking system to prevent radiation-induced skin injuries. The system tracks radiation exposure on the skin, providing physicians with real-time visual feedback to adjust and minimize the risk of burns.
Researchers successfully transfer the quantum state of a light pulse onto a set of atoms, demonstrating quantum memory. The experiment achieved a 70% coincidence rate, which is higher than what can be obtained by measuring the polarization of the photons directly.
Researchers observed a sudden speed-up of the Jakobshavn Isbrae glacier, coinciding with rapid thinning of up to 15 meters per year after 1997. The acceleration in ice flow has significant implications for sea level rise, with this one glacier contributing roughly 4% of the 20th century rate.
A study published in Arthritis & Rheumatism found that weight gain significantly increases the risk of disease progression in knees with moderate malalignment, but has no impact in neutrally aligned or severely malaligned legs. Researchers suggest targeting weight loss efforts for patients with moderate malalignment to slow disease pro...
A study from Honduras found that direct cash payments to poor families increased the take-up of antenatal and infant health services, with a 15-20% increase in coverage. This suggests that such interventions could improve maternal and child health outcomes in developing countries.
A new method reconstructs people's previous day experiences to capture their emotions, revealing intimate relations as most enjoyable activities. The study found taking care of children was less enjoyable than expected, while general life circumstances had a limited impact on daily feelings.
A study found that high levels of red meat consumption are associated with a two-fold increased risk of developing inflammatory arthritis. Lower vitamin C intake was also linked to an increased disease risk.
The new model of care emphasizes patient-centered care, electronic health records, and primary care services to improve quality and reduce costs. Implementation could lead to significant reductions in healthcare expenditures and increased compensation for family physicians.
A UH study reveals that lack of fresh produce in lower-income neighborhoods contributes to weight and health problems among these populations. The research highlights the need for improved access to healthy food options in underserved communities.
A sacrificial burial found at the pyramid reveals a grisly scene of bloodshed, with clear cultural connections to other burials and new elements. The discovery suggests that state power was celebrated through ceremony and sacrifice, contradicting past interpretations.
Research suggests a common viral lineage among viruses infecting hosts from all three domains of life, based on structural similarities in their coats. The study found that these similarities may point to sites of enzymatic activity that could be targeted with anti-viral drugs.
Scientists found that animals with extra copies of the AMP-1 enzyme lived 13% longer than controls, while environmental stressors activating AMP-1 also led to longer lives. The study's findings have broad implications for understanding human aging and potentially extending lifespan through exercise and therapeutics.
The article highlights three key findings: depression severity impacts functioning and quality of life more dramatically in elderly patients than other chronic medical conditions. Rural blacks have significantly worse diabetes and hypertension control, while 42% of clinic appointments are no-shows due to issues of disrespect by the hea...
Researchers at Georgia Tech discovered that bosons placed in two-dimensional harmonic traps will crystallize when their repulsive interactions are increased. Theoretical simulations showed six bosons forming a polygonal crystal with one boson in the center.
A team of scientists led by Michael Lieber has successfully recreated the mammalian nonhomologous DNA end joining (NHEJ) pathway in a test tube. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new cancer drugs that target this pathway, which is also essential for repairing radiation damage and maintaining immune function.
A team of researchers led by Johns Hopkins University is developing a neuroprosthetic implant that could restore locomotion in patients with spinal cord injuries. The device mimics the signals sent by the brain and stimulates dormant control centers to send movement instructions to muscles.
Researchers at VGTI found that aging mice have greater T cell clonal expansions, which are less effective in fighting disease. This leads to a reduced ability to fight off pathogens, making the immune system less diverse and capable.
A study of 661 women found that transferring only one embryo during IVF resulted in fewer multiple births and higher pregnancy rates. The single-embryo group had a significantly lower proportion of deliveries with twins or more siblings compared to the two-embryo group.