A study published in EMBO Journal found that resveratrol, a compound in grape skins, can starve cancer cells by inhibiting the action of NF-kB. This inhibition leads to apoptosis, or cell death, in cancer cells. Resveratrol's effectiveness against cancer is linked to its ability to block NF-kB's inflammatory response.
Researchers discovered that bacteria have acquired a gene from animal immune systems, allowing them to evade host defenses. This finding has significant implications for vaccine development and our understanding of bacterial evolution.
Research reveals that autistic children can access and analyze musical details more readily than typically developing children. A subgroup of participants achieved impressive scores, even without prior musical training.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center have developed a new approach to boost the immune response against gliomas, a type of brain tumor. By targeting the interleukin 10 gene in dendritic cells, they can increase the production of IL-12, leading to a stronger Th1 response and enhanced immune response against cancer cells.
Researchers found that women who were highly frustrated by earlier math problem-solving sessions ate more snacks overall, especially high-fat items. Men did not show the same level of increased snacking regardless of noise exposure or perceived control.
A recent study by Rochon and colleagues found that many conditions or diseases common internationally are underrepresented in randomized controlled trials published in leading medical journals. In a related commentary, Jha and Lavery highlight the importance of delivering treatments already available to improve population health in dev...
Researchers analyzed data from 149,524 postmenopausal women to identify predictors of bone fractures. Women with low T scores or previous fractures were found to be at increased risk, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
The study, led by Shin'ya Nishida, utilized the multi-slit viewing illusion and found that pattern perception is more impaired by a mask or adaptation stimulus moving in the same direction as the pattern. Observers can see fine spatial components that are theoretically impossible to recover without motion information.
Researchers at NIST created a new technique to measure friction accurately in the nano- and micro-scale. The method helps designers produce more durable devices with moving parts by accounting for unintended scratching of surfaces.
The Hartford Faculty Scholar's Program aims to create faculty leaders in geriatric social work. Twelve scholars will address psychosocial needs of terminally ill elders and explore the use of video-phones as a telemedicine intervention.
A team of Johns Hopkins seniors designed a vest filled with foam padding to absorb energy from car crashes, reducing chest compression by up to 17%. Their four-point harness system also minimized sternum deflection and dropped crash impact forces by 33%.
Researchers found children who developed wheezing symptoms after age 3 had significant behavior problems before, compared to those who never wheezed. The study suggests a possible common factor, such as genetics or parental smoking, that accounts for both wheezing and behavior problems in children.
The Caucasus region, home to 51 globally threatened species, will receive a significant boost for conservation efforts thanks to $8.5 million in grants from the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund (CEPF). The funding will support conservation efforts across six countries, including Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia, Turkey, and Iran.
A new system, PEWS, measures vital signs to predict life-threatening events in children, identifying deteriorating conditions up to 4 hours prior. Experienced nurses can detect subtle changes, but less experienced ones rely on an objective tool for early intervention.
Nearly half of clinicians' neckties contained disease-causing bacteria, posing a significant risk to patient health. The study raises questions about the benefits of wearing neckties in healthcare settings.
A landmark study estimates that 7.5% of hospital patients experience adverse events in Canada, resulting in 185,000 preventable incidents in 2000. The study found that surgical care accounted for the largest number of adverse events and that 37% were potentially preventable.
Yerkes researchers found a combination of dopamine transporter inhibition and serotonin transporter inhibition effective in limiting cocaine use in rhesus macaques. The therapy shows promise as a potential treatment for cocaine addiction.
Researchers found that African-American and Hispanic outpatients with back pain were less likely to receive painkillers than white patients. The study attributes this disparity to racial stereotypes among physicians, suggesting a potential issue with racism in the US healthcare system.
Researchers have found that male breast cancer incidence has increased by 26% over the past 25 years, with men being diagnosed at a later stage than women. The study also revealed differences in tumor biology, including higher rates of estrogen receptor-positive tumors in men.
Dr. Hou's project aims to develop a theoretical foundation for wireless sensor network design and deployment, focusing on optimal routing, performance limits, and energy-related problems. The goal is to fill gaps in current understanding and enable the growing field of wireless sensor networks to realize its potential.
The University of Minnesota has established the nation's first endowed chair in sexual health, aiming to promote science-based research and education. The new chair will provide important contributions to the field of public health, guided by principles of equity and social justice.
Researchers studying epilepsy patients who underwent brain surgery on either side found that those with left-brain surgery experienced decreased immune function, while right-brain surgery boosted immune response. The findings raise concerns about protecting patients from infection following strokes or left-brain surgery.
Exercise has been shown to improve physical fitness, lower back pain, and cholesterol levels in early postmenopausal women. After 26 months, the exercise group experienced significant increases in physical fitness and reductions in bone loss compared to the control group.
Researchers have developed a technique to improve electromagnetic signal transmission in complex environments using time reversal, which may enhance cell phone communications. Additionally, studying competition dynamics in noisy systems reveals that flexible competitors can increase their prosperity by adjusting their adaptation rate. ...
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has issued a new clinical standard to help manufacturers develop and calibrate assays that measure specific protein concentrations in patient blood samples. This standard, SRM 2921, is expected to reduce variations in clinical test results by as much as 50-fold.
A study found that African-Americans are 1.67 times more likely to die within five years and 1.52 times more likely to die within ten years after surgical treatment for CRC compared to Caucasians. Racial differences were most pronounced in patients with stage II disease.
A healthy baby boy was born to a couple after the father's sperm was successfully frozen for 21 years. ICSI technique used for fertilization, resulting in high motile sperm percentage after thawing. Long-term storage preserved fertility quality, offering hope for young cancer patients seeking family planning.
A study found that delayed transfers to intensive care units (ICUs) increase the risk of death for hospitalized patients. Patients who received timely ICU transfers had better outcomes, with 55% less likelihood of receiving major medical interventions in the first six hours.
A recent study found that diabetes-related mortality may increase in relative importance among the elderly population, with a 10% per year mortality rate among those with diabetes. The study suggests that prevention of diabetes among the elderly should be a priority, as demonstrated by the Diabetes Prevention Program.
A recent study found that obese postmenopausal women are more likely to be recalled for additional tests after screening mammographies, with women in the obese category II and III groups being 31% more likely to be recalled. Obese women also experience a 20% increased risk of false-positive mammogram results compared to underweight and...
A landmark study by Penn Medicine reveals significant improvements in quality of life and survival rates for heart failure patients treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) and optimized pharmacologic therapy. The study shows a 36% reduction in all-cause mortality for patients implanted with CRT defibrillators.
The study found that 7.5% of hospital patients experienced adverse events, with 37% being preventable. Implementing gains in patient safety can be achieved through encouraging reporting, new technologies, and improved communication among caregivers.
Researchers found that natural killer cells are associated with destructive insulitis and beta cell destruction, suggesting a potential new target for halting or slowing disease progression. The study's findings have implications for understanding the complex interactions between immune cells and the development of type 1 diabetes.
A consortium co-led by NIST is developing standards for well-characterized RNA molecules to validate gene chip analyses. These standards will enable technology developers and researchers to assess the performance of their assays, improving the reliability of microarray measurements.
Studies show that foreign males from conflict populations are more costly to females, but benefits of sexual selection may outweigh costs at intermediate levels of conflict. The findings highlight the potential cost of sexual selection and generate a fitness load.
Research reveals that air pollution has a debilitating effect on the lungs of obese children, with twice as strong associations compared to their normal-weight counterparts. The study found that increased inflammation due to obesity exacerbates the negative impact of air pollution on lung function.
Researchers found that zebrafish learn to prefer one fish color pattern over another based on their early experience with these patterns. This learned social preference has significant impacts on the survival and reproductive success of individual fish.
According to the study, 20% of all black men born from 1965-1969 had served time in prison by their early 30s, compared to less than 3% of white males. The risks of prison incarceration rose steeply with lower levels of education, affecting 30.2% of non-college educated blacks and 58.9% of black high school dropouts.
A recent study of over 1 million Medicare beneficiaries found that older patients aged 90+ are significantly less likely to receive critical care in intensive care units (ICUs) compared to their peers aged 68-70. Treatment in an ICU appears to be just as effective for both ages, highlighting a possible disparity in care received by you...
Researchers have developed a new vaccine strategy using live, crippled Salmonella bacteria that stimulate immunity to multiple pathogens. The vaccine protected mice 100% against lethal doses of both S. typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes.
The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) has launched a new charitable foundation with the goal of making the best treatment available to every cancer patient. The ESMO Foundation will provide much-needed funds for education, research, and patient care.
Researchers suggest that male vulnerability to disease may drive female-biased societies and behaviors, such as division of labor. This 'sick-male' theory proposes that males are less resistant to infection due to genetic limitations, leading to social isolation and reduced exposure to disease.
A recent study challenges previous fears that triclosan contributes to antibiotic resistance. Researchers found only two types of bacteria, E. coli and Klebsiella, developed resistance to triclosan in a laboratory setting.
The American Academy of Neurology has released a guideline evaluating the treatment of infantile spasms, a severe form of epilepsy. The guideline recommends adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) as a short-term treatment option, but notes that there is insufficient evidence to recommend optimum dosage and length of treatment.
Radatec's innovative sensors measure motion using microwave technology, operating at extremely high temperatures and unaffected by contaminants. The company's sensors provide real-time information about critical mechanical components, enabling operators to predict when repairs are needed and reducing maintenance costs.
A small trial found that daclizumab add-on therapy reduced the severity and number of brain lesions in patients with relapsing-remitting or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. The treatment, which blocks the interleukin-2 receptor on immune cells, showed unexpected clinical benefits in a small group of patients.
A new study isolated a compound called dodecenal from fresh cilantro leaves, which is found in salsa, and showed it to be twice as potent as the antibiotic gentamicin at killing Salmonella. The researchers believe that eating more fresh salsa could help prevent foodborne illness.
A new study found that lung transplants significantly increase the survival rate of cystic fibrosis patients by almost 4.5 years. The study followed 247 patients with CF who were on the waiting list for lung transplantation and found that the risks associated with the surgery decreased over time.
A recent study published in Hepatology suggests that using nitric oxide during liver reperfusion can protect transplanted livers from cell death, improving survival rates. Researchers found that nitric oxide blocks mitochondrial damage, a key factor in organ rejection and failure.
The US National Science Foundation has named eight distinguished teaching scholars, recognized for their innovative approaches to education. The scholars were awarded $300,000 grants over four years to work on new projects or continue existing work that benefits students and the scientific community.
Lung transplant recipients with specific TLR4 gene variants experienced reduced acute rejection rates, suggesting a novel approach to preventing transplant rejection. Researchers believe this finding could lead to improved patient outcomes and survival rates.
Kenneth Baldwin will lead a $2.5 million NASA program to develop exercise programs for astronauts, addressing physical impacts of space travel. The research aims to enhance the new NASA Space Exploration Initiative, enabling humans to work for months on the International Space Station and potentially send humans to Mars.
Researchers found that moderate exercise, combined with antioxidant vitamins C and E and the amino acid L-arginine, significantly reduced atherosclerosis lesions by 40% compared to high cholesterol diet alone. Exercise also lowered blood pressure and prevented unwanted blood clotting.
A recent study by the American Academy of Neurology found that people with low incomes are at a higher risk of developing brain tumors. The study analyzed data from Michigan and found a significant difference in brain cancer rates between those with low incomes and those without, particularly among younger adults.
The study provides anatomical evidence of nanometer-sized particles in calcified human arterial and valvular tissue, which share characteristics with nanoparticles recovered from geological specimens. The cultured particles contain nucleic acids, suggesting ongoing synthesis and potential bacterial-like etiology of vascular calcification.
The study found a significant increase in male breast cancer incidence over 25 years, with men being diagnosed at an older age than women. Larger tumor size and axillary lymph node disease were associated with shortened survival, while hormone receptor status and tumor grade did not have independent prognostic effects.
A team of researchers from the University of Washington has identified a gene, ZFP145, that is linked to sperm-producing stem cells in mammals. The study found that this gene plays a crucial role in the decision-making process of these cells, and its mutation can lead to infertility.
A study by the University of Toronto Joint Center for Bioethics found that patients' perceptions of care improved when medical staff solicited their concerns, with significant gains in symptom control, support, and pain management. The research suggests a simple yet effective approach to addressing subpar end-of-life care.
Researchers found that a combination therapy using Schwann cells and cyclic AMP (cAMP) promotes axonal growth and functional recovery after spinal cord injury. The treatment preserved and elevated cAMP levels in nerve cells and myelinated nerve fibers, leading to better locomotion and coordination in rats.
A recent study found that low-income Native American women experience alarmingly high rates of domestic abuse, with over half reporting assault by a partner in their lifetime. The research highlights the need for targeted programs and services to address these disparities and prevent further harm.