Researchers found that increased expression of ADAM10 reduced AB peptide formation and prevented plaque formation in an Alzheimer disease mouse model. This suggests that targeting alpha-secretase might be a useful therapeutic target for AD.
Demand for US chemical products increased while firms cut costs. Dow Chemical topped sales at $9.3 billion, followed by DuPont at $8 billion. DuPont led earnings with $964 million, ahead of Dow's $469 million increase in the same quarter last year.
A new matching system allows use of kidneys from older, high-risk donors increasing the number of patients who can benefit from transplantation. Success rates are similar between younger and older recipients, paving the way for more elderly adults to receive kidney transplants.
A study published in Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science found that breathing supplemental oxygen for three months reduced fluid buildup and swelling in the macula, and improved visual acuity in some cases. The therapy was found to reduce excess thickness of the macula by an average of 43 percent.
Data from over 35,000 organ recipients demonstrated improved patient and graft survival with CellCept-based treatment regimens. The studies found significant improvements in liver and kidney transplant outcomes, reducing infectious deaths and increasing graft survival rates.
A Phase II study found LEA29Y effective in preventing acute rejection, but showed significant improvements in kidney function, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels compared to cyclosporine therapy.
Researchers at McGill University have identified a central enzyme that can sense subtle changes in protein folding, enabling the removal of misfolded proteins from cells. This discovery may lead to innovative prevention and treatment strategies for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
Research has identified improved screening programs for HIV coinfection with chronic hepatitis C, as well as predictive models for inflammation and fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B. These advances aim to improve treatment decisions and quality of life for affected individuals.
The Land Regeneration Network has achieved rapid membership growth, now standing at 1250 individuals from 890 companies and organisations across Wales. The network provides a high-quality information resource and business networking events, contributing to the growing demand for clear technical information in the environmental sector.
Researchers found an inverse correlation between coffee and caffeine consumption and liver injury, which declined with increasing coffee drinking and caffeine intake. Carbonated soft drink consumption was also linked to a rise in esophageal adenocarcinoma rates, with a strong correlation seen between the two.
A study on transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) and prion protein PrPSc accumulation in muscle tissue of infected rodents found that the defective form of PrPSc is present prior to clinical symptoms. The accumulation of PrPSc is greatest after clinical symptoms are well established.
A long-term study found that people with diabetes are at a 65% increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease compared to those without the condition. The study also showed that cognitive decline in perceptual speed was associated with diabetes, but not other cognitive systems.
A randomized, controlled trial found that a low-carb diet with vitamin supplements led to greater weight loss, body fat reduction, and improved cholesterol levels than a low-fat diet. However, the low-carb group experienced more adverse physical effects.
The phase II clinical trial found that LEA29Y was as effective as cyclosporine in preventing acute kidney rejection, but had better kidney function and lower cholesterol levels. Patients treated with LEA29Y also showed improved cardiovascular risk profiles.
Researchers found that liver dendritic cells express less TLR-4, a molecule that triggers immune activation, due to the constant exposure to LPS from gut bacteria. This mechanism may contribute to the liver's inherent tolerogenic potential and lower rejection rates in transplant patients.
Two studies found that low-carbohydrate diets led to greater weight loss in obese adults than conventional diets. The low-carb group showed improvements in triglyceride levels and better control of blood sugar for those with diabetes.
New research reveals that hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) plays a key role in tumor cells' ability to resist radiation therapy. By understanding how this protective response is activated, scientists hope to develop effective treatments to enhance radiation's effectiveness against tumors.
Researchers from Rush University Medical Center have discovered that diabetics are at a significantly higher risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The study, which followed over 800 Catholic nuns and priests for five years, found a 65% increase in the risk of AD among those with diabetes.
Researchers identify torsinA, a protein defective in DYT1 dystonia, and discover its role in the nuclear envelope. The study provides new insights into potential treatments for movement disorders and secondary dystonias.
A study reveals that anti-clotting treatment is underused at many hospitals in the US, with significant differences between academic and community hospitals. The American Heart Association's Get With The Guidelines program aims to bridge this gap and simplify patient care.
A decade-long brain development study using MRI scans shows that higher-order brain centers, such as the prefrontal cortex, mature later in life. Gray matter wanes in a back-to-front wave as neural connections are pruned, with areas performing basic functions maturing earlier.
Oral exposure to scrapie has been shown to lead to the deposition of pathological prion protein PrPSc in hamster muscles. This preclinical study provides new insights into the progression of prion diseases.
A large prospective cohort study found that body size was more strongly associated with breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women than premenopausal women. Obesity was linked to an increased risk of breast cancer in women not using hormone replacement therapy (HRT), while those on HRT with a low BMI had an increased risk.
Research shows that obesity-related surgeries can be completed as outpatient procedures, reducing associated costs. Adjustable gastric banding surgeries may also be suitable for certain obese patients, offering a safe and convenient alternative.
The team discovered a compound called DS-998 that shows promising activity against anthrax lethal factor in cell cultures, blocking the molecule's harmful cutting action. Mass spectrometry is used to screen a library of compounds, enabling rapid screening and reducing costs associated with drug development.
Researchers discovered a new compound, T1 amine, that rapidly induces hypothermia, slows heart rate, and drops blood pressure in mice. This effect may provide a valuable tool to manage patients with acute hypermetabolic states, including hyperthyroidism.
A randomized study shows rifaximin to be highly effective in preventing all forms of diarrhea and intestinal symptoms in healthy adults traveling to high-risk areas. The medication was also found to prevent chronic diarrhea and irritable bowel syndrome in some individuals, making it a promising treatment for travelers.
The University of Pittsburgh's novel clinical protocol has shown promising results in reducing immunosuppressive medication use for lung transplant patients. With over a year of follow-up, the approach has led to improved one-year survival rates and fewer complications associated with traditional treatments.
New guidelines suggest FUZEON is an important treatment for HIV drug resistance, offering clear advice on timing of initiation and patient support. The guidelines aim to enable more pre-treated patients to benefit from FUZEON therapy.
Researchers identified the NIPBL gene on chromosome 5 as the cause of Cornelia de Lange syndrome, a condition characterized by mental retardation, impaired growth, and heart defects. The discovery may lead to genetic tests for confirmation and comfort for families affected by the disease.
A study found that morbidly obese patients experience increased minimal distending pressure and exaggerated gastric accommodation during meals, leading to overeating and weight loss challenges. Researchers suggest addressing biological barriers differently through surgery or alternative methods.
Researchers followed patients with no initial back pain and found that those with poor coping skills, chronic pain, or disputed workers' compensation claims were nearly three times more likely to develop back pain. The study suggests that treating psychological factors may be a more effective approach than surgery for some patients.
Researchers at SLU have developed oncolytic adenoviruses that target specific types of cancer cells, such as colon and lung cancer. These engineered viruses attack and destroy cancerous cells through a mechanism different from chemotherapy or radiation.
A recent study found that even health-conscious women are more likely to have had a mammogram or Pap smear than undergone a colonoscopy. Doctors suggest using breast cancer screening appointments as an opportunity to educate women about colorectal cancer risk and increase awareness.
Researchers have made breakthroughs in understanding the molecular mechanisms driving pancreatic cancer's rapid growth and resistance to treatment. They've identified new targets for therapy, including a protein sponge that suppresses tumor growth and a novel mechanism for chemoresistance.
A study published in Cancer Research identified a cancer-causing gene, HMG-I, that contributes to the development of leukemia and lymphoma in humans. The researchers found that overexpression of the gene led to the rapid development of tumors in genetically engineered mice.
A unique computer system developed at the University of Michigan Health System reduces risks while improving patient care quality and continuity. The Discharge Navigator system automates information transfer, streamlines handoffs, and enhances patient education and satisfaction.
Researchers found an inverse correlation between Rb2 expression and VEGF in liver tumors. The study suggests that lower Rb2 expression and higher VEGF levels can predict the aggressiveness of liver cancer, regardless of tumor stage.
Researchers at the NIH will conduct a clinical study to assess the safety and efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in treating severe forms of lupus. The study aims to create a new immune system that doesn't attack healthy cells, offering hope for patients with limited treatment options.
A new lab-on-a-chip technology can detect milk contamination and identify the botulinum toxin in as little as an hour with test results available in minutes. This innovation could lead to faster treatment for potential botulism toxin exposure, reducing its high specific toxicity as a bioterrorism threat.
A recent Emory University study found that adults with better mental health have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Only 17% of the sample met full mental health criteria, highlighting the need for healthcare professionals to consider mental well-being in treating patients with heart conditions.
A seven-month study found that parenting skills training improved attitudes towards alcohol and sex among rural black children. However, the training did not address the role of fathers, who were rarely involved in the sessions.
A study of 819 early adolescents found that unsupervised out-of-home care and lack of parental monitoring predict increased problem behaviors. In contrast, consistent adult supervision and community engagement appear protective against these issues.
Researchers found that soft flaky skin helps reduce drag caused by friction and shedding of the skin disturbs whirlpools of water called vortices, reducing drag. The study could help build faster boats and submarines using natural dolphin-inspired solutions.
Research identifies genetic and environmental protective factors contributing to childhood resilience. Genetic factors influence behavioral and cognitive resilience to poverty, while maternal involvement in stimulating activities helps promote intellectual development. Both genetic and social-environmental sources of protection are inv...
A study found a higher prevalence of the D variant in the ACE gene among Gulf War veterans with chronic fatigue syndrome. Veterans with specific genetic variants were more likely to develop CFS/ICF, suggesting an interaction between genetics and environmental factors related to deployment.
A study found that parents' close relationships with their children and efforts to monitor their behavior can help prevent adolescents from engaging in substance use and delinquent activities. Parental control was also a strong predictor of lower levels of problem behavior, regardless of the level of knowledge gained through monitoring.
Researchers found large ozone trends in low latitudes and the Southern Hemisphere, indicating the ozone smog problem has expanded globally. The study suggests that increasing energy use worldwide causes large-scale ozone increases, reducing global air quality.
Research suggests that when mothers use a controlling approach, children become disengaged and perform poorly in school. In contrast, an autonomy-supportive approach improves children's performance immediately and leads to better grades over time. The study emphasizes the importance of this parenting style for low-achieving children.
A new molecule, AM1172, has been identified as a potential treatment for overeating and drug dependency. By regulating the brain's natural 'bliss' system, AM1172 may help counterbalance feelings of anxiety and depression that contribute to obesity and substance dependence.
The program, which translates research into prevention programming, focused on mothers and their 11-year-old children. Participants showed improved skills in parenting behaviors, such as discipline and communication, leading to better outcomes for the young people.
A study found that moderate alcohol consumption increases plasma DHEAS levels in both men and women, decreases testosterone in men, and has no effect on estradiol levels. These findings suggest that DHEAS may play a protective role against atherosclerosis.
Researchers using GPS satellites have discovered a pattern of land movement across North America, with Canadian sites rising and US sites south of the Great Lakes sinking. This post-glacial rebound affects not only industries but also international water management.
A 125-mile-wide crater off Australia's coast has been linked to the Great Dying, a period when 90% of marine life and 80% of land life became extinct. Researchers found evidence of shock quartz and melt layers in ancient cores drilled by oil companies, matching the timeline of the end-Permian era.
Researchers confirm Bedout impact crater as potential 'smoking gun' of a massive meteor collision, linked to the Permian-Triassic extinction and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary mass extinctions. The team found evidence of shock-melted rock formations, feldspar glass, and similar correlative lava flows in India and Siberia.
Researchers found that birds' photoreceptors can detect the Earth's magnetic field by sensing changes in light energy. This process involves specialized visual systems that allow animals to navigate using the magnetic compass. The discovery sheds new light on the mechanisms behind animal magnetism and its potential applications.
Common in 18- to 30-month-old children, scale errors occur when youngsters try to perform actions on miniature objects despite knowing they're too small. The study suggests a failure of inhibitory control and immaturity of the prefrontal cortex.
A review of general population longitudinal studies found consistent associations between cannabis use and lower educational attainment and increased use of other illicit drugs. However, the evidence was less clear on psychological health problems and problematic behavior. The authors emphasize the need for more research to better unde...
A study of 10,440 single-born infants found no increased risk of hospitalization for asthma among children born to mothers who consumed alcohol during pregnancy. Despite this, researchers caution that high prenatal alcohol exposure may still have unknown health effects.
Researchers find that alkylating agents can induce necrotic cell death in cancer cells by damaging DNA and activating the PARP protein. This process is specific to proliferating cancer cells and does not affect healthy cells, offering a potential new approach to treating cancer.