Researchers at Northwestern University discovered that brain regions involved in information integration shift depending on cognitive task. Dynamic Causal Modeling revealed that specific regions, like the lateral temporal cortex and intraparietal sulcus, act as convergence zones integrating information from other parts of the brain.
A stronger version of the chickenpox vaccine has been shown to prevent shingles in older adults, reducing incidence by 51% and total burden of pain by 61%. The vaccine also significantly reduces postherpetic neuralgia, a debilitating form of chronic nerve pain.
Scientists discovered complex deformation in a subduction zone near Japan, while studying the effects of land water storage on global mean sea level over the past half century. Researchers also found a link between the ionosphere's plasma rise and depletion, and discovered that Siberian peatlands release copious carbon as they thaw
The study reveals the first complete look at the structure of SUMO-1 and its conjugation to other molecules within the complex. Understanding this process could lead to novel anticancer therapies by targeting sumoylation, which promotes cell division.
A new study found that phenotypic and functional qualities of T cells are associated with the ability to regress large tumors. Naïve and early effector T cells were more effective for tumor treatment than more differentiated T cells. This discovery is important for developing improved adoptive immunotherapy approaches.
A study by Dartmouth Medical School found a higher mortality rate among American Indians and Alaska Natives after surgery, with 3.1% of Americans Indian dying compared to 2.2% of Caucasians. The research highlights existing disparities in healthcare and suggests further investigation into factors contributing to these differences.
The University of Arizona has received a $14 million grant to focus on two major types of contaminants: arsenic and halogenated organic solvents like TCE. The research projects will improve hazardous waste management in Arizona and the Southwest, and can serve as a model for arid and semi-arid regions worldwide.
Scientists develop gene transfer technology to block neuropathic pain by delivering a GABA-enhancing gene via a disabled herpes simplex virus. The treatment showed promise in animal studies, with pain-relieving effects lasting up to six weeks. A clinical trial in humans is planned.
A new study by the NHLBI found that children in an intervention group consumed more than 67% of their calories from heart-healthy foods, compared to less than 57% for those in a usual care group. Children who consumed more dairy products had lower BMIs and lower LDL levels.
A new study developed a predictive profile of children likely to respond to Pivotal Response Training (PRT), a child-directed behavioral intervention. The study successfully matched autistic children with an appropriate therapy, leading to significant gains in language skills, play skills, and social behaviors.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases has awarded UC Irvine a $40 million grant to establish the Pacific-Southwest Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases Research. The center will focus on developing vaccines, antidotes, and new methods to prevent infectious diseases.
Researchers found that removing the spleen and suppressing related factors can prolong survival in mice with leukemia. The study suggests a potential treatment model for human hematological malignancies, but further research is needed.
The study found that when subjects focus on one feature, they also attend to similar features elsewhere in the visual field. The researchers developed an experimental technique to measure this phenomenon and its implications for understanding how our brain processes visual information.
Researchers identify optimal T cell selection and preparation strategies for adoptive immunotherapy approaches to treat tumors. Naive and early effector T cells are more effective than differentiated T cells in causing regression of large, established melanomas.
Researchers found that people from Asia and Africa have lower lactase production due to harsh climates and diseases that made dairy farming unfeasible. In contrast, Europeans retain lactase due to historical dairy farming in their ancestral environments.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in molecular electronics by controlling the conductivity of molecules on a single atom. This innovation allows for the creation of ultra-small and efficient devices, requiring less energy to power and producing less heat than conventional transistors.
The nuclear family model is becoming widespread in St Petersburg, with Russian women giving birth to one child on average. However, many women experience health problems and unintended infertility. Positive developments include improved sexual education and the use of reliable contraceptives among young women.
The Gerontological Society of America has selected 10 new faculty scholars for their research on improving geriatric social work training. The selected researchers focus on various topics, including racial disparities in healthcare and caregiving experiences among older adults.
Two studies found that nevirapine-associated resistance emerges in at least 65% of women after single-dose therapy, with conventional tests missing up to one-third of cases. Resistance rates vary by HIV-1 subtype, with subtype C showing higher mutation frequencies.
Researchers at Yale University have identified a molecular mechanism for RNA quality control, which involves the protein Ro recognizing and binding to misfolded RNAs. This discovery sheds light on how cells handle abnormal RNAs that are not translated into proteins.