Researchers at Rice University have developed a method to visualize individual carbon nanotubes using standard optical microscopes and fluorescent dyes. The technique reveals the harmonic bending of nanotubes in liquids, providing insights into their behavior and potential applications in life sciences.
Bioengineers Teresa Head-Gordon and Margaret Johnson analyzed x-ray data to determine the static structural organization of liquid water. Their study found that, on average, liquid water molecules form a tetrahedral network, contradicting previous claims of a 'rings and chains' model.
Dr. Bazan's work on lipid pathways in the retina and docosanoids has been recognized with the ARVO Proctor Medal. As Director of Louisiana State University's Neuroscience Center, he continues to advance our understanding of inflammation and apoptosis.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new method to reliably measure the noise in CMOS devices, improving signal ranges and clearer signals. The measurement method may also enhance modeling of CMOS transistors and improve precision in device characterization.
Researchers have identified protocadherin-15 as a likely player in the moment-of-truth reaction in which sound is converted into electrical signals. The findings may help understand why some people temporarily lose their hearing after being exposed to loud noise, only to regain it a day or two later.
A new study shows that a single dose of an anti-malarial drug can significantly lower the risk of malaria in infants. Infants given this treatment had a one-fifth reduction in hospital admissions compared to those receiving a placebo.
The Human Proteome Folding project aims to predict the structures of human proteins using idle computer cycles from millions of users. The NYU researchers will focus on cancer biomarkers and host-parasite interactions, refining predictions with more accurate methods.
A Mayo Clinic study found that patients with widely fluctuating blood pressure during the first three hours in the emergency room were much less likely to survive more than 90 days after a stroke. The study suggests that managing blood pressure acutely after ischemic stroke is crucial to improve survival rates.
A large-scale study found that smoking and obesity are strongly associated with a greater risk of erectile dysfunction (ED), while regular physical activity lowers the risk. Regular exercise was found to reduce ED risk by 2.5 times, emphasizing the importance of adopting a healthier lifestyle.
A University of Minnesota study found that exercise in a machine simulating gravity can reduce the risk of developing kidney stones in astronauts. Researchers used identical twins to test the effect of exercise on urinary calcium levels, and the results suggest a potential solution for preventing this painful condition.
A study of 25 pregnant women with inflammatory arthritis found that changes in serum fetal DNA levels correlated with disease improvement during pregnancy, but not postpartum. The researchers observed a significant inverse correlation between arthritis activity and serum fetal DNA concentration throughout the study.
Researchers developed a new imaging technique using stress first-pass perfusion MRI with delayed contrast-enhancement, demonstrating an accuracy of 88 percent in detecting coronary artery disease. The non-invasive method can potentially replace traditional angiography and guide clinical decision-making.
The DOE JGI has released IMG 1.5, which contains 62 finished and 100 draft genomes sequenced by the institute. The release includes 38 new DOE JGI genomes and 21 new public microbial genomes, with 22 archaeal genomes featuring curated gene models.
Researchers developed a new method to measure the stiffness of soft substrates by using sensor films with known properties. The technique tracks changes in stiffness across gradients of material properties, allowing for the mapping of spatial variations in rigidity in complex materials.
Researchers found that occupants of the middle back seat are 59-86% safer than front-seat passengers and 25% safer than other back-seat passengers. The study analyzed data from fatal crashes in the US between 2000 and 2003, controlling for various factors to confirm the safety advantage of the middle back seat.
A new study by American Chemical Society researchers predicts that landfill burial will not release toxic chemicals, alleviating concerns about contaminated building debris. The computer model used a combination of organic material and chemical warfare agent data to simulate landfill behavior.
Inhibiting ERK1 enhances ERK2 activity, promoting cell proliferation, while ERK2 knockdown almost completely abolishes it. Mouse tumour cells expressing only ERK1 grow into small tumours.
Researchers found people put nearly three times as much money into an honesty box when watched by a pair of eyes compared to a poster featuring flowers. The study suggests people are more likely to cooperate when feeling observed, with potential applications in curbing anti-social behavior or law enforcement.
The study found altered functionality in both the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, suggesting a breakdown in communication between these regions. This may lead to new diagnostic and preventive strategies for detecting early AD.
Surgeons at UT Southwestern Medical Center have recorded some of the most successful patient outcomes nationally for patients with rare and complex type of kidney tumors. The five-year survival rate was among the highest, while one-year survival rate is 78 percent.
Research finds obese patients have a 99% greater risk of developing biochemical failure and a 66% increased risk of tumor recurrence. Obesity can be an independent predictor of poor outcomes in prostate cancer, suggests the study.
A study documents a sharp increase in Fusarium keratitis cases among contact lens wearers in Singapore, with nearly all patients wearing soft lenses and using ReNu brand cleaning solution. The outbreak has led to severe, sight-threatening lesions requiring hospitalization and corneal transplantation.
Researchers found that symbiotic fungus reproduces sexually and disperse independently of ants, contradicting long-held theories. The fungi's ability to cross geographical boundaries allows them to intermingle genes with mainland populations.
Researchers aim to understand how prolonged space trips affect human immune systems by studying fruit flies on a Space Shuttle mission. The flies will be exposed to bacteria, fungi, and reduced gravity to determine if their weakened immune systems make them more susceptible to infection.
Researchers found that severe hot flashes are associated with chronic insomnia in postmenopausal women. More than 81% of women with regular severe hot flashes reported symptoms of chronic insomnia, including difficulty falling asleep and non-restful sleep.
Researchers are investigating how type 2 diabetes affects brain function and memory. The Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study aims to identify risk factors linked to altered brain function in people with diabetes, which could inform the cause of diabetes-related memory problems.
A recent study has revealed that race may be a significant factor in insulin resistance, affecting black women more than Hispanic or Caucasian women. Insulin resistance occurs when the body fails to use insulin effectively, leading to increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
A study of 103,344 nursing home residents found that symptoms of depression, delusions, and constipation are linked to physical aggression. The research also showed that verbal aggression is associated with these factors, highlighting the importance of addressing these conditions to reduce violence in care facilities.
A new study by Ran Kivetz and Anat Keinan reveals that overcontrol and excessive farsightedness can lead to negative long-term consequences. In the long run, virtue is regretted more than vice, as individuals experience wistful feelings for delayed pleasures.
A study of 134 older adults found that nearly a third had Alzheimer's disease, yet most did not show obvious dementia symptoms. The research suggests that some people may have a neural reserve that allows them to tolerate significant brain damage without developing cognitive decline.
A study of 873 prostate cancer patients found that obesity increased risk of biochemical and clinical failure after radiation therapy. Men who were moderately or severely obese were at double the risk for biochemical failure, highlighting a link between obesity and prostate cancer progression.
A study of 28,812 postmenopausal women found that daily decaffeinated coffee consumption was associated with a 33% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The risk reduction was independent of factors such as weight and physical activity.
A study of 143,325 participants found a strong association between pesticide exposure and Parkinson's disease, with a 70% higher incidence among those exposed. The association was strongest among individuals who used pesticides at home or in gardening, regardless of occupation or sex.
A recent study found that dehydration affects a significant proportion of older adults, particularly those in long-term care facilities (LTC) and emergency departments (ER). Sufficient fluid consumption has been linked to various health benefits, including reduced falls, constipation, and improved rehabilitation.
Researchers in Italy found that exposure to cell phone EMFs can cause changes in the motor cortex of the brain. The effects were transient and reversible, but further studies are needed to understand the potential risks and benefits. The study has significant implications for individuals with conditions involving cortical excitability.
The Nereda TM purification method uses oxygen-using bacterial granules to purify water, offering advantages over conventional processes in terms of space and energy requirements. This technology has been nominated for the Dutch Process Innovation Award and is currently being tested on a larger scale.
Experts argue over the UK's Assisted Dying for the Terminally Ill Bill, with Baroness Ilora Finlay citing failures in safeguards and Dr Margaret A Branthwaite advocating for patient choice. Meanwhile, Dr David Jeffrey emphasizes the importance of palliative care and warns against legislation at this time.
Research reveals that women genetically predisposed to breast cancer may be more susceptible to low-dose ionizing radiation, such as chest X-rays. Women with BRCA1/2 mutations who reported ever having a chest X-ray were found to be 54% more likely to develop breast cancer than those who had never undergone the procedure.
Researchers from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution used an underwater digital microscope to find massive colonies of Trichodesmium, a photosynthetic organism that plays a significant role in the ocean's nitrogen cycle. The discovery could alter our understanding of the global nitrogen cycle and its impact on ocean productivity.
A Healthgrades study found that women's cardiac and stroke outcomes improved by an average of 9.54% from 2002 to 2004, but hospital performance varies widely, with best-performing hospitals having a 40% lower mortality rate than poor performers
Mushrooms contain high levels of polyphenols and ergothioneine, which contribute to their antioxidant properties. The study found portabella and crimini mushrooms have the highest ORAC values, indicating they are a valuable addition to a varied diet.
A study of tropical ice cores found two significant climate shifts: one around 5,000 years ago when temperatures cooled, and another more recent reversal to a warmer world. The research suggests most high-altitude glaciers in tropical regions will disappear in the near future due to rising temperatures.
Springer presents a $1.04 million donation of more than 10,000 eBooks to seven New Orleans-area universities, enhancing their library resources and supporting research activities affected by Hurricane Katrina.
Researchers discovered that Snail family genes play a consistent role in controlling body asymmetry in mice and birds, but have a different function in neural crest cell formation. This finding provides surprising new insights into the evolution of developmental biology across species.
A new strategy detects high-grade precancerous lesions more effectively than traditional smear tests, while minimizing incorrect diagnoses. This approach enables early treatment and improves cure rates for young women aged 25-34 years.
The Florida Shock Anxiety Scale is a new tool developed by University of Florida researchers to identify anxious thoughts and feelings in ICD recipients. The scale evaluates correct underlying anxiety concepts and proved highly reliable, offering a valuable tool for healthcare providers.
The Ocean Tracking Network, a global collaboration of scientists and experts, aims to track the movements of important species using electronic tags. The network will use an extensive international array of acoustic receivers on the ocean floor to collect data on water temperatures, salinity, and light conditions encountered by animals.
A new policy paper from Stanford Medicine suggests that the earliest years of life forever shape an adult's ability to learn. The research emphasizes the importance of positive interactions with nurturing adults in shaping brain architecture and future productivity.
A new study reveals that ADHD medications mainly affect the prefrontal cortex, a region linked to attention and decision-making. This finding could aid in developing more effective treatments.
The grant aims to improve care for patients with chronic illnesses by redesigning medical education. Two new programs, Seniors as Mentors and Chronic Care Team, will be implemented to teach students about caring for chronically ill patients.
Researchers have identified a potential biomarker for autism in placentas of children born with the condition, indicating that an unusual placental abnormality may be present from birth. This finding suggests that the ideal time for autism diagnosis could be at birth, prior to age one.
Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have discovered a DNA-binding protein called Nanog that coaxes mouse ES cells back into an immature state, regaining pluripotency. This finding has significant implications for regenerative medicine and could potentially be used to regenerate stem cells from differentiated cells.
A team of Iowa State University engineers is creating a network of wireless sensors to detect suspicious activity on the nation's power transmission system. The system could quickly locate breakdowns and severe weather damage, allowing power companies to prevent blackouts and respond more effectively.
A large cohort study found that chronic pesticide exposure is associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease, regardless of occupation or home use. The study suggested that exposure to specific pesticides may be the underlying cause of this increased risk.
Researchers have made significant progress in breaking down estrogenic compounds with Fe-TAML catalysts, a potential solution to environmental pollution. The study demonstrates the ability of these catalysts to degrade estradiol and ethinylestradiol, two types of estrogenic compounds found in surface water.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center identified the QseC receptor used by a diarrhea-causing strain of E coli to initiate infection. By using phentolamine, an alpha blocker drug, they successfully impeded signaling to the receptor, blocking bacterial infections.
Researchers studied polar motion over three and a half months, finding small loops up to a cell phone size due to weather patterns and oceanic influences. The study demonstrates day-to-day changes in atmospheric pressure affect Earth's rotation for the first time.
Researchers identified distinct patterns of risk behavior among adolescent boys and girls, highlighting the need for targeted HIV prevention programs tailored to specific risk profiles. The study found that some high-risk adolescents have co-occurring mental health crises, substance abuse, and unsafe sex practices.
A new study by the National Pork Board and the US Department of Agriculture found that six common cuts of pork are 16 percent leaner than 15 years ago, with saturated fat dropping 27 percent. Pork tenderloin is just as lean as skinless chicken breast, containing only 2.98 grams of fat per 3-ounce serving.
A simple and inexpensive test identifies tumours with protein IMP3, predicting cancer spread, allowing for targeted treatment. Patients with these tumours are six times more likely to develop metastasis and four times more likely to die after surgery.