Researchers studied over 500 pairs of twins, finding that changes in gene expression between ages 14 and 18 accounted for up to one-third of the blood pressure variation by age 18. Novel genetic influences emerged during this period, suggesting new genes play a role in regulating blood pressure.
A study found that heart patients taking antidepressants have a 55% higher risk of dying, even after controlling for age and other factors. The researchers suggest that non-pharmocological approaches like exercise may help reduce this risk.
Scientists found that African and South American fish independently developed electric organs by altering sodium channel proteins, allowing them to generate and sense electric fields. This convergent evolution of molecules provides valuable insights into the role of genes in human health and disease.
Researchers found that well-informed players contributed the most to a public good, climate preservation. Players who received public recognition also donated more than those who made anonymous contributions.
Two Phase 3 studies demonstrate high-level, sustained response to REMICADE maintenance therapy, achieving long-term clinical response in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis. Patients receiving scheduled REMICADE treatment showed rapid and marked improvement in psoriasis symptoms.
The Australian government has pledged $50 million to support the expansion of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute's (WEHI) research capabilities in cancer and infectious disease. This funding will enable significant expansions in the institute's research programs, focusing on targeted therapies for cancer treatment and malaria control.
A study at Duke University Medical Center found that genetic mutations can affect serotonin levels and glucose metabolism, increasing the risk of obesity and diabetes. Another study revealed that men with a certain gene mutation are more susceptible to stress-related health problems when caregivers for relatives with Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified a new potential biomarker for multiple sclerosis, a protein fragment called 12.5 kDa cystatin found in cerebrospinal fluid, which may help diagnose the disease and monitor treatment efficacy.
Research finds activation of specific brain regions depends on participants' preferences for risk or ambiguity, shedding light on why people make risky choices. The study's results contribute to the emerging field of neuroeconomics, a new area of research that combines neuroscience and economics.
Researchers found that low serotonergic function was associated with thicker carotid arteries, suggesting a link between the serotonin system and atherosclerosis. The study's findings could lead to new avenues for preventing heart disease and stroke through the regulation of brain chemistry.
Scientists measured how tiny spheres in turbulent water separate based on initial distance, revealing particles obey Batchelor dispersion initially before transitioning to Richardson-Obukhov law behavior. The findings can improve models of pollutant dispersion and help explain crustacean navigation using odors.
A new algorithm, developed by Cornell University researchers, can reconstruct detailed images of small specimens from raw data using X-ray diffraction microscopy. The algorithm also solves the internationally popular puzzle Sudoku, appealing to its creator's 'whimsical side'.
Scientists have successfully created a novel class of metal nitrides made from noble metals, exhibiting unusual or unique properties. These new compounds may prove to be even more durable than current titanium nitrides used in the semiconductor industry.
Researchers found that Aldara Cream reduced fine lines and wrinkles, improved skin texture, and enhanced color in prematurely aged skin. The cream showed significant improvements in 80% of the subjects, with 90% expressing strong approval.
Researchers at UCF's Institute for Simulation and Training aim to improve team performance in complex situations. They will study how teams process knowledge and work together to solve ill-defined problems, with potential applications in natural disasters and crisis management.
A study of 106 healthy volunteers found that lower omega-3 levels were associated with depression symptoms, a negative outlook, and impulsivity. Higher omega-3 levels were linked to increased agreeableness.
A newly identified cell, dubbed IKDC, has been found to fight cancer by combining the abilities of natural killer (NK) and dendritic cells. This hybrid cell speeds up immune reactions and makes the system more efficient.
A study of 150 healthy married couples found that hostility in women was associated with atherosclerosis, while controlling behavior in men or their wives was linked to increased hardening of the arteries. The findings suggest that low-quality relationships are a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at U of MN found that a diverse inventory of T-cells is essential for optimal immune function. They developed a method to monitor small numbers of specific T-cells in mice, revealing that these cells survive and activate more effectively in normal quantities.
Astronomers have discovered a unique pulsar that is only 'on' for part of the time, shedding light on how pulsars emit regular beams of radio waves. The pulsar, PSR B1931+24, slows down 50% faster when it's active compared to when it's not.
Brookhaven scientists developed a technique called single point genome signature tagging to identify key segments of genetic code. This allows for rapid sequencing and distinction among species, with potential applications in identifying pathogens and assessing environmental responses.
A new global evolutionary map has been created using DNA sequences of complete genomes, revealing key details about the origin of species and early evolution. The improved tree has also shed light on microbial diversity in unexplored environments.
A computer scientist has developed a system to analyze proposed drug names and rank them in terms of confusability, using techniques from linguistics and bioinformatics. The system, created in collaboration with the FDA, can identify sound-alike and look-alike drug names with great accuracy, reducing the risk of prescription errors.
Two Stanford University neurologists warn that clinical trials can be disastrous when a drug with unknown side effects is tested on healthy patients. They advocate for stricter entry criteria to prevent similar mistakes in the future.
The HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) provides long-range weather prediction, enhances ocean current understanding, and supports real-time maritime operations. This innovative tool enables accurate forecasts and tracking of pollution, algal blooms, and oil spills.
The MIRAGE project, led by NCAR, aims to quantify air pollution emitted by Mexico City from multiple perspectives. Researchers will use aircraft, ground-based instruments, and satellite observations to gather data on the pollutants' life cycle, including their transformation by chemical reactions and interaction with other sources.
Researchers found that gamma-tocopherol, commonly consumed through corn and soybean oil, destroys animal cells by preventing proper protein folding. In contrast, alpha-tocopherol does not have this effect. The study suggests a possible evolutionary explanation for the body's preference for alpha-tocopherol.
A study found that three pharmaceutical promotional brochures contained data that differed from the results of underlying studies. Of the 20 identified studies, 15 were deemed valid, while 16 had been funded by the pharmaceutical company producing the drug. This raises concerns about the accuracy of promotional marketing materials.
Researchers at NDRI examined the HCV-related services offered in a drug treatment program at a California correctional facility. They found that such programs present an opportunity to limit Hepatitis C spread, but are not widely available. The authors recommend low-cost and sustainable peer-to-peer educational programs as a solution.
Duke University scientists increased chemotherapy drug molecular weight to improve tumor penetration and concentration while reducing healthy tissue toxicity. The optimal molecular weight range was found to be between 40,000 and 70,000.
Researchers at Yale University have made a groundbreaking discovery that bone marrow cells can transform into functional gut lining cells after transplantation. This breakthrough has significant implications for the treatment of cystic fibrosis, an inherited disease characterized by mucus buildup in organs.
A new model of Titan's evolution, developed by the University of Nantes and University of Arizona, proposes that methane-rich ice stores the moon's atmospheric methane supply. The study validates data from ESA's Huygens probe, showing that methane outgassing occurs through cryovolcanic eruptions, producing temporary flows on the surface.
A Brandeis chemist has made a significant breakthrough in developing new methods for molecular synthesis, which could lead to the creation of environmentally-friendly catalysts. His research focused on functionalizing carbon-fluorine bonds, a major component of potent greenhouse gases.
A new saliva test detects changes in alpha amylase levels, offering a more comprehensive understanding of the body's response to caffeine and stress. The study found that moderate doses of caffeine improve task performance but excessive amounts can lead to decreased performance.
In a study at Ngamba Island Chimpanzee Sanctuary in Uganda, chimpanzees were found to understand when they needed help and chose the best collaborative partner. They recognized individual strengths and weaknesses among chimps, such as Mawa's poor cooperation skills, and consistently selected Bwambale as their preferred partner.
Scientists have discovered a new magnetic phenomenon, 'displaced vortex states', that can increase the size of MRAMs, allowing for faster and non-volatile memory storage. This breakthrough could lead to improved performance and reduced wait times when turning on computers.
A community-wide health program in Limburg, Netherlands, reduced the worsening of health status among residents aged 25-70, particularly for BMI and waist circumference. The study found significant differences in systolic blood pressure between the intervention group and a control group.
Scientists have discovered a creep mechanism in high-pressure phases of ice that affects grain size, indicating weaker ice layers in giant icy moons. This finding challenges previous theories on the thermal evolution and internal dynamics of these moons.
A Canadian study published in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that patients and family members prioritized having confidence and trust in their doctors' care over dying at home. The results suggest that current efforts to support more patients dying at home may be misguided.
The Wildlife Conservation Society will use the grant to upgrade its software infrastructure, improving collaboration and communication among agencies. The donation is part of a $41 million Microsoft grant to support non-profit organizations globally.
The Compact Light Source (CLS) is a mini-synchrotron that can produce intense X-ray beams in the space of a small office. The CLS will be installed at the Scripps Research Institute to accelerate protein structure determination, potentially advancing biomedical research.
The L'ORÉAL-UNESCO awards recognize pioneering work in immunology, molecular pathology, and genetic disorders. The laureates will receive a $100K prize and international recognition for their contributions to human health.
The Canadian Medical Association Journal's (CMAJ) Editor-in-Chief and Senior Deputy Editor were dismissed after a dispute over an article on emergency contraceptive pills. The move has raised concerns about the balance between publishing peer-reviewed research and investigative journalism.
Researchers developed a radar-activated system that uses cannons and falcon decoys to deter birds from oil sands mining ponds, showing promise for reducing bird deaths. The system detects birds more effectively than traditional deterrents and can be used in conjunction with industry efforts to reclaim mines and reduce hazardous waste.
The GeneChip Citrus Genome Array is a new tool that helps researchers identify genes associated with desirable traits in citrus, such as easy peeling and flavor components. The array will also aid in the development of new diagnostic tools for citrus agriculture and post-harvest fruit handling.
Researchers capture proton motion in molecules with unprecedented accuracy, allowing for better study and control of molecular behavior. The technique enables improved methods of molecular synthesis and nano-fabrication of new materials.
A new study published in Pharmacogenetics and Genomics found significant variability in pesticide susceptibility among Latina women and their newborns. The researchers used PON1 enzyme activity as a marker for pesticide resistance and discovered that genetic variants can significantly affect enzyme levels, particularly in children.
A novel vaccine has been shown to be effective in preventing middle ear infections in young children, reducing episodes by about a third. The vaccine targets the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, which are leading causes of infection.
A study found that internet use increases feelings of control among cancer patients, allowing them to view their relationship with doctors as a partnership. Online access also enables patients to make informed decisions about their treatment.
Researchers at Tohoku University discovered that adding rice bran to the diets of hypertensive rats lowered their systolic blood pressure by about 20 percent and inhibited angiotensin-1 converting enzyme. The study also found that rice bran significantly lowered levels of a marker called 8-OHdG, indicating reduced oxidative stress.
The CLS prototype has successfully produced its first X-ray beam, demonstrating the feasibility of compact synchrotrons. This breakthrough offers new opportunities for researchers to access high-quality, tunable x-ray beams in university and industrial labs.
The Eisenhower Doctrine marked a significant shift in US involvement in the Middle East, signaling a growing willingness to accept responsibility. The doctrine provided a building block for an American presence in the region, which persists today.
Millions of Mormon crickets are driven by a need for protein and salt, as well as the threat of cannibalism. Researchers found that the crickets' migration is a forced march, with the constant danger from behind pushing them forward.
The Planetary Society and ESA celebrate the imagined rugged beauty of Venus with the winning entries in the 'Postcards from Venus' art contest. The Grand Prize winner, Tatianna Cwick, age 17, has won a trip to the European Space Operations Centre. Other winners include Yoo-Hong Sun, age 9, and Alejandra Gonzalez Quintana, Spain.
Scientists have retrieved high-resolution climate records from coral cores off the Tahiti coast, spanning 20,000 years and providing insights into sea level change and El Niño anomalies. The longest continuous coral core is 3.5 meters long, representing 350 years of growth, and contains valuable information on climate variability and p...
Researchers used NASA's GRACE satellites to determine the Antarctic ice sheet is losing significant mass, with an estimated annual loss of up to 36 cubic miles. This decline in total ice mass has a global sea level impact equivalent to 0.4 millimeters annually.
A study examining drug use surveys found significant differences in how willing respondents were to disclose their use, particularly for marijuana and cocaine. The researchers suggest supplementing major surveys with drug tests to estimate willingness-to-disclose and its variation across different drugs and demographic characteristics.
A Californian judge has ruled that the state must ensure a qualified individual confirms unconsciousness before the injection of pancuronium and potassium chloride in executions. This decision follows concerns raised by anaesthetists and a drop in public support for capital punishment from 80% to 64% over the past decade.
Dr. Joseph Culotti's research into nerve cell growth and migration may lead to future spinal cord repair processes. He was awarded the $50,000 Barbara Turnbull Prize in recognition of his contributions to world-leading spinal cord research in Canada.
A study by Felix Warneken and Mike Tomasello found that children as young as 18 months willingly helped complete strangers, even without any reward. The children's ability to infer when someone needed help suggests a natural inclination towards altruism.