A study funded by Cargill Crop Nutrition found that varying nitrogen application rates can increase corn yield with similar or higher nitrogen rates, but may not improve grain quality. Researchers also discovered that one hybrid performed better than the other under both uniform and varied nitrogen applications.
Research reveals that children's cortisol levels are already high several months before the start of school term, suggesting an early anticipation of stress. Children with more extroverted personalities tend to experience higher stress levels and may benefit from support for parents' anxiety about school transition.
UWM researchers have devised a method for creating hybrid structures by coating CNTs with aerosol nanoparticles, producing low-cost
Researchers developed a blood-flow detector software to track changes in brain blood flow in real-time, showing promise in preventing brain damage and death. The system is designed for children with head injuries, offering potential lifesaving benefits.
Computer scientists at UC San Diego create a new algorithm to generate annotated Internet router graphs, mimicking key features of the Internet. The technique allows researchers to experiment with different network topologies and test the sensitivity of various techniques.
A recent study documents significant increases in El Salvador's wooded areas since the 1990s, driven by population movements and remittances. The research found that households receiving foreign funds felt less need to maintain existing fields, resulting in reduced land clearing and forest regrowth.
Researchers identified a region on chromosome 5p associated with dense breast tissue, a known risk factor for breast cancer. Women with dense breasts are three to five times more likely to develop breast cancer than those with less dense breasts.
A University of Florida study found that teenage girls who start dieting are twice as likely to begin smoking. Researchers analyzed the dieting and smoking practices of 8,000 adolescents and discovered that consistent dieters were more likely to smoke.
SMART-1 has mapped the polar regions, surveyed lunar resources, and investigated potential landing sites. The mission has provided clues on the dynamics of ejecta after impact and laboratory experiments have modeled impacts.
Researchers found that indoor concentrations of particulate pollution frequently exceeded standards for outdoor air, with high levels recorded in homes of patients with COPD. The study highlights the need for further research into the impact of indoor air quality on adults with COPD.
The University of Utah has been awarded a five-year, $19.2 million NIH grant to establish an HIV research center focusing on the structural biology of the virus. This research aims to understand how HIV takes control of host cells and develop new treatments.
Researchers developed a new technique that can detect specific chromosomal damage associated with lung cancer, which may indicate an increased risk. The study found significant differences in chromosomal abnormalities between never-smokers and high-risk smokers and patients with lung cancer.
A report reveals a significant decline in US Veteran Affairs (VA) reporting of new cancer cases to California registries, starting from 2004. This omission could introduce 'uncorrectable bias' in epidemiological studies and hamper efforts to identify quality-of-care issues for VA patients with cancer.
A new UCLA study found that up to one-fourth of HIV-positive patients in Los Angeles reported feeling stigmatized by their healthcare providers, leading to low access to care and delayed treatment. The perception of stigma was linked to higher odds of reporting low access to care, with significant consequences for patient outcomes.
Recent symposium discussions highlighted the brain's role in initiating and regulating obesity, as well as its response to nutrient abundance. Research suggests impaired brain function may contribute to weight gain and insulin resistance, fueling obesity and type 2 diabetes development.
Researchers at UAB found that resveratrol, a compound in red wine, reduces prostate cancer risk by 87% in male mice. The study also showed that resveratrol slows tumor growth in less-serious forms of prostate cancer.
A new study by the Society for Prevention Research reveals that many children are starting to drink alcohol as early as 4th grade. The survey data shows a concerning trend among 4th, 5th, and 6th graders who have already begun drinking.
As infants grow, their visual and auditory systems fine-tune to relevant distinctions, but also lose the ability to discriminate irrelevant stimuli. Environmental input helps refine these neural connections, enabling infants to better perceive salient inputs.
Researchers found that tDNA genes and components of RNA pol III are required for establishing silent chromatin cohesion at the HMR locus. This discovery provides new insights into chromosome architecture and may have implications for understanding genetic regulation.
A study by Dutch researchers identified four cases of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) among workers at a chemical plant producing diacetyl, a key component of butter flavoring. The findings support the conclusion that an agent in the diacetyl production process has caused BOS.
A recent study by UWM paleoecologist Margaret Fraiser suggests that elevated CO2 levels contributed to the Permian-Triassic mass extinction, with bivalves emerging as the only survivors. The research provides valuable insights into the impact of CO2 on marine ecosystems and could help scientists predict future oceanic changes.
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) has rejected a petition calling for strengthened standards for genetic testing laboratories, citing cost concerns. The decision prioritizes affordability over patient safety, despite reports of laboratory errors and inadequate proficiency testing.
Stevens Institute of Technology has received $164,000 to accelerate the commercialization of two technologies: an intelligent multi-network router/radio and a surveillance camera capable of detecting chemical and biological agents. The funding supports job creation and establishment of New Jersey as a model for homeland security.
Researchers studied crayfish brain function, discovering integration of sensory inputs from antennae, legs, and antennules for environmental awareness and hunting success. Crayfish use distinct senses to detect food, predators, and mates in their aquatic environment.
Researchers developed an improved dosing formula for warfarin that takes into account genetic variations in VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genes. This approach enables faster and more accurate estimation of the optimal warfarin dose, cutting dosage changes and potentially increasing patient safety.
The Wistar Institute's novel HIV vaccine has received funding for human clinical trials after demonstrating a vigorous immune response in preclinical studies. The vaccine uses a chimpanzee virus backbone and aims to stimulate CD8+ T cells, which can reduce viral load but not prevent infection.
Liang’s research aims to develop ‘smart’ peptide drugs that can selectively kill cancer cells without damaging normal tissues. These peptide drugs have shown high activity against both drug-sensitive and drug-resistant cancers in studies on cultured tumor cells and animal models.
Researchers found that wolves target areas with accessible refuge for elk during winter months when fat reserves are low. Landscape features like proximity to roads and snowy areas play a significant role in wolf-elk interactions.
A new study examining household preferences for school quality finds that college-educated households are willing to pay $58 more per month than those without a college degree to live in an area with 10% more college-educated neighbors. Additionally, blacks are willing to pay $98 more per month to live in a neighborhood with 10% more b...
Two studies examine triage guidelines for emergency heart patients and find that those who followed the guidelines had similar outcomes to those who did not. However, low-risk patients who were discharged after receiving standard treatment had a small risk of developing acute coronary syndrome in the long term.
Binghamton University researchers study archived human blood samples to understand how Plasmodium falciparum evolved resistance to chloroquine. The analysis aims to provide insights for current treatments and future drug development.
A new molecular tool, eco-tilling, helps detect early signs of herbicide resistance in weeds, reducing the need for chemical use. This technique uses reverse genetics to identify mutations at a fraction of the cost of alternative methods.
A research group led by Dr. Cato T. Laurencin has received a $2 million NSF grant to explore novel methods for musculoskeletal tissue regeneration. The project aims to engineer new material surfaces that will allow a range of tissues to grow, potentially leading to breakthroughs in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.
A study published in The Lancet found that exposure to passive smoking increases the risk of developing COPD by 48% among never smokers in China. With over 60% of adults being never smokers, high levels of passive smoking are expected to result in approximately 1.9 million excess deaths from COPD.
A new study found that pill box organizers significantly improved HIV patients' adherence to medication, leading to better viral suppression and reduced risk of disease progression. The inexpensive tool was associated with a 4% improvement in adherence and an estimated 11% reduction in the risk of clinical AIDS.
Researchers found that SWCNTs can kill bacteria like E. coli by severely damaging their cell walls, and this effect is only seen when there is direct contact between the nanotubes and the bacteria.
A team of scientists has identified an odorant receptor that allows male honey bee drones to detect the presence of a queen up to 60 meters away. The receptor, which can detect the specific pheromone '9-ODA', is expressed in the antennae of male drones and plays a crucial role in their mating rituals.
The Lancet proposes adding chronic systemic inflammatory syndrome to COPD diagnosis to address frequent comorbidities and improve patient care. Patients with COPD often die from non-respiratory disorders such as cardiovascular disease or cancer.
Agencies producing large datasets face challenge of protecting personal information while preserving its value to researchers. Traditional de-identification methods are inadequate, and alternative approaches, such as administrative procedures and statistical transformations, may be necessary to ensure adequate privacy
A new device aimed at reducing deaths and brain damage from hypoxia in newborns will be developed with a $750,000 NIH grant. The device will measure the precise temperature of the brain, allowing doctors to maximize the benefits of therapeutic hypothermia.
Researchers found a copy of the entire Wolbachia genome within the genome of its host, Drosophila ananassae, suggesting frequent gene transfer between bacteria and multicellular organisms. The discovery raises implications for evolution and genome sequencing projects.
Researchers have observed elusive oscillations in the Sun's corona, known as Alfvén waves, that transport energy outward from the surface of the Sun. These discoveries can help unlock secrets of the corona's heat and solar storms, and improve our understanding of how the Sun affects Earth.
Scientists from Berlin developed a theoretical model that shows how an orientation map develops in the brain, allowing for the emergence of place cells and head direction cells. The model analyzes realistic image data to extract information relevant to orientation, leading to the formation of cognitive maps.
A new study from the University of Colorado at Boulder found that fireproofing houses in forests can significantly reduce wildfire sizes. By insulating homes, fire risk is reduced, protecting not only structures but also neighboring forests and communities.
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) will present five awards for key contributions to space science and technology during the AIAA SPACE 2007 Conference & Exposition. Burt Rutan will be recognized as the AIAA Engineer of the Year for his innovations in access to space.
Researchers at the University of Virginia are developing a single test to identify more than 20 different food and waterborne pathogens, as well as a treatment that could protect against over 20 potential pathogens. The tests aim to improve public health by detecting outbreaks of E. coli and other parasites more quickly.
A Brown University study found that black representatives put more time and resources into developing policies and advocating for legislation of interest to African Americans. Black legislators were also more actively involved on legislation of all types, not just bills benefiting African American constituents.
A study by Nationwide Children's Hospital found that 12 out of 17 adolescents were misdiagnosed with asthma due to vocal cord dysfunction, which can cause breathing difficulties. The use of spirometry tests in emergency departments may help differentiate VCD from asthma attacks and reduce misdiagnosis.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have identified new sites on bacterial protein-making machinery where antibiotics can be delivered to treat infections. The study found that targeting specific regions of the ribosome, a crucial cellular component, may provide a novel approach to developing effective antibiotics.
Researchers at MIT have developed an elegant method to synthesize the lethal components of red tides, shedding light on how algae generate these toxins. The breakthrough could help scientists prevent red tide outbreaks and accelerate the development of cystic fibrosis treatments.
Researchers developed a method for culturing mammalian neurons in small chambers, extending their lifespan to up to 11 days at low density. The technique, described in the journal Lab on a Chip, uses miniaturization and perfusion methods to increase purity and analyze cellular secretions.
Researchers identified GDF15 protein as a key player in iron overload in thalassemia, leading to increased dietary iron absorption and organ damage. The study's findings have implications for therapies and treatment strategies for thalassemia patients.
Researchers explore potential for enhanced nutrient cycling through coupling of agricultural and bioenergy systems to improve sustainability of biomass production. The study reports that up to 78% of nitrogen fertilizer could be recovered from an integrated biological and thermochemical process.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that blocking two immune system proteins, IL-1 and TNF, can promote healing in damaged meniscus tissue. The study, published in Arthritis & Rheumatism, suggests a new approach to treating knee injuries and osteoarthritis.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed a new emergency treatment using high-intensity focused ultrasound to seal punctured lungs. The technique, inspired by Star Trek technology, shows promise in replacing painful and invasive procedures for lung injuries.
A study by researchers at the Universities of Bristol, Florence, and Western Australia found that children with autism don't update their facial perceptions as readily as typically developing children do. As a result, they struggle to recognize faces belonging to different teams or individuals, which can contribute to social problems.
Researchers have compiled the world's first detailed gene expression library for Symbiodinium, a microscopic algae that feeds corals and drives the reef's fate. Understanding its biochemical relationship with corals is crucial for addressing coral bleaching and climate change.
Researchers have made significant breakthroughs in understanding how lipid binding domains interact with cell membranes to modulate functions. The study provides new targets for developing small molecules and drugs that specifically modulate signaling pathways.
Researchers found that infants with poor lung function at birth continued to experience reduced lung function up to age 22. The study suggests that early prenatal intervention may be necessary to prevent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adulthood.
Despite being bastions of biodiversity conservation, African national parks are losing species at an alarming rate. The decline is attributed primarily to anthropogenic causes such as poaching and human encroachment, leading to the loss of large mammal populations.