Researchers analyze success of HIV entry inhibitors, highlighting need for new classes due to increasing resistance and toxicity concerns. The study concludes that blocking HIV entry by fusion inhibitors and coreceptor antagonists holds major promise for developing a new antiretroviral drug class.
A new study reveals that female birds of two migrant flycatcher species can acquire a novel preference for nesting sites based on the apparent attraction of competing resident tits. This finding suggests that individual animals use information and make decisions, even from other species.
The AIAA will present several awards at the upcoming conference, including the Wyld Propulsion Award to Frederick Boorady for his contributions to liquid propulsion technologies. The Ground Testing Award will be given to Frank Steinle for his work in experimental aerodynamics and ground testing.
Researchers at the University of Missouri-Columbia made a groundbreaking discovery in the molecular mechanisms of phototropism, which is crucial for plant growth towards or away from light. The study focused on the protein NPH3 and its phosphorylation, finding that it plays a key role in regulating phototropic signaling.
Researchers have successfully propagated a prion from one organism into another, expanding our understanding of these infectious proteins and their role in fatal neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery opens up new avenues for studying prion propagation and highlights the need to search for additional prions.
Researchers found genetic material from plants and insects in ancient ice cores, contradicting previous theories about southern Greenland's climate. The discovery provides evidence of forest cover and mild winters, dating back around 450,000 years.
Scientists have developed a method to amplify vCJD prions from human brain tissue extracts, enabling recognition by existing detection methods. This breakthrough could aid in confirming whether someone is infected with variant CJD, crucial for preventing further disease spread through infected blood donations.
A new INFORMS-published study reveals that executive stock options significantly increase the likelihood of financial misrepresentation. Approximately 1 in 10 corporate financial restatements are linked to fraud and illegal practices, with a 9% chance of misrepresentation over five years.
Adult neural stem cells give rise to three major brain cell types, but are specified to produce specific subtypes of neurons. The discovery suggests that creating specific neuron types may require replacing combinations of different neuronal types for effective reestablishment of neural function.
A study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry found that antidepressants significantly lower the risk of suicide attempt in young adults ages 18 to 25, even those with severe depression.
Scientists have discovered how the HIV virus evades the human immune system, revealing a predictable pattern of mutations that can inform the design of an effective vaccine. The study's findings hold tremendous promise for global HIV efforts and could complement smaller functional studies with population-based approaches.
A study by Erik Hunter and Per Davidsson found that celebrity involvement is key to a product's success compared to traditional endorsement marketing. Celebrity entrepreneurs add value to products, making them more appealing to consumers.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt discovered that domestic chickens possess a magnetic sense of direction, orienting themselves by the Earth's magnetic field. This ability is thought to have evolved before migration and may be common to all birds.
Researchers at University of Helsinki discover novel neurotrophic factor CDNF that protects and rescues damaged dopamine neurons, recovering function after experimental lesion. This breakthrough may lead to new treatment strategies for Parkinson's disease.
A study of over 2,000 children found a genetic marker on chromosome 17 linked to an increased risk of childhood onset asthma. The discovery provides a new molecular pathway for targeted treatments and could lead to improved management of the disease.
A study of over 4000 twin pregnancies found that complex assisted reproduction procedures increase the likelihood of abnormal umbilical cord development. The research suggests that embryo implantation may play a role in this increased risk.
A new study reveals that Germany's embryo protection law has led to an increase in foetal reductions performed during IVF treatments, resulting in the killing of embryos. The law, which limits embryo creation and transfer, is being criticized by experts for not protecting embryos as intended.
The Netherlands Cancer Institute received the ESMO Lifetime Achievement Award for its outstanding contributions to translational research in breast cancer. The team's discovery of a gene-signature has led to improved prognostic testing and reduced adjuvant chemotherapy in pre-menopausal patients.
Research reveals nearly half of people with diabetes use alternative therapies, which can interact with conventional medications and affect blood sugar levels. Healthcare professionals must be included in discussions about these therapies to document their use and identify potential problems.
A study by Dr. Jacky Boivin found that women using complementary therapies had a lower pregnancy success rate and were more negatively affected by their fertility problems than non-users. The researchers suggest that women may use complementary therapies for stress reduction, but further research is needed to determine its effectiveness.
A novel mutation of the AKT1 gene has been found in breast, colorectal, and ovarian cancers, which may contribute to tumor cell proliferation. The mutation is believed to play a role in making cells resistant to certain therapies.
Scientists have discovered a surprising connection between the immune system and the breast's milk-producing cells. During pregnancy, the mammary gland uses cytokine signalling to enhance the growth of these cells, but abnormal signaling can lead to cancerous cell growth.
Preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) does not increase ongoing pregnancy or live birth rates in women over 35 undergoing IVF. The technique's effectiveness has been called into question due to various limitations, including the potential for biopsy errors and chromosomal analysis biases.
Researchers have developed a method to amplify prions from brain tissue samples using normal blood cells, improving detection test sensitivity. This breakthrough may lead to a blood test for screening individuals at risk of passing variant CJD through blood transfusion or surgery.
Researchers discovered a gene associated with an increased risk of childhood asthma, found to alter ORMDL3 levels in children with asthma. The study involved over 2,000 children and found that the disease-associated version of the gene increases asthma risk by 60-70%.
Researchers at UNH have successfully proven the existence of a new type of electron wave on metal surfaces called acoustic surface plasmons. This discovery has significant implications for various fields including nano-optics, high-temperature superconductors, and chemical reactions on surfaces.
Research by Dr. Paul Fowler reveals that low doses of environmental chemicals can disturb the development of ovaries in female sheep fetuses, leading to protein abnormalities and reduced egg production.
Researchers from Boston University Medical Center successfully treat patients with immunoglobulin-light chain amyloidosis who did not respond to initial treatment. A tandem approach of high-dose chemotherapy and blood stem cell transplantation shows improved overall survival and quality of life for these patients.
Scientists analyzed DNA samples and found that ancient Alaskan gray wolves are genetically distinct from modern wolves. They lived in Alaska continuously from at least 45,000 years ago until approximately 12,000 years ago.
A study by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine found that 5.9% of respondents used valerian and 5.2% used melatonin to treat insomnia. However, a clinical practice review committee did not find beneficial effects for these supplements in treating insomnia symptoms.
Researchers discovered periodontal bacteria, including P. Gingivalis, in the amniotic fluid of 30% of pregnant women with threatened premature labor. The presence of these bacteria may pose a risk to both mothers and babies.
Researchers argue that traditional cancer vaccine trial endpoints may be misguided, focusing instead on patient survival and response to subsequent treatments. The study suggests that vaccines can prime the immune system, keeping tumors in check and enhancing the effectiveness of subsequent therapies.
Researchers have identified a silent, natural disaster that silently wipes out coral reefs on clear sunny days during extreme low tides. The study reveals that these events are highly predictable and can be anticipated through alignment of weather patterns and tidal charts.
A review of previous studies found that increased prescription drug cost sharing is associated with lower rates of drug treatment and worse patient adherence. For chronic conditions, higher cost sharing may lead to increased use of medical services.
A study of over 3 million Italians found that men over 65 pay more for prescriptions than women, with costs escalating sharply after age 65. The research model developed in the study can help policymakers better allocate resources for prescription costs.
Researchers at Cardiff University are developing cost-effective methods to recycle platinum and other precious metals from road dust and vehicle exhausts. This innovative approach aims to produce clean fuel cells, minimizing waste and creating reliable, greener energy.
A pilot study found that gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists can suppress ovarian function in women receiving chemotherapy, protecting their fertility. The treatment was well-tolerated with minimal side effects and restored ovarian function after chemotherapy stopped.
A new $3.5 million program aims to train the immune system to detect and destroy cancerous tumors. Researchers will develop vaccines, enhance immune responses, and create imaging technologies to monitor the treatment's effectiveness.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego discovered that fibrinogen inhibits neural cell growth in spinal cord injuries, leading to paralysis. The study found that fibrinogen's binding to beta 3 integrin receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor prevents axonal growth, which is necessary for regeneration.
Researchers call for a rethink in biomaterials to create more reactive medical implants that engage with biological processes. The new approach aims to improve implant functionality, longevity and healing outcomes by working in harmony with the body.
A new study published in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine found that 10% of youth who smoke cigarettes are addicted within two days of first inhaling from a cigarette. Adolescents who smoke even just a few cigarettes per month suffer withdrawal symptoms when deprived of nicotine.
Researchers have identified a protective role for normal prion proteins in preventing the formation of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. High levels of PrPc reduced beta amyloid formation, while low or absent levels allowed it to return.
A recent study examines the remarkable two-tone color of pumpkin seed oil using imaging and CIE chromaticity coordinates. The observed color shift from red to green is attributed to changes in oil layer thickness and unique human retina cell characteristics.
A study found that consuming small amounts of dark chocolate daily reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure without adverse effects. The findings suggest that adopting flavanol-rich cocoa into one's diet may be a promising approach to lower blood pressure in individuals with above-optimal blood pressure levels.
The project aims to develop a cost-effective solution to reduce the financial burden of sleep disorders on the Australian healthcare system. The new web-based intelligent decision support system will enable more accurate diagnoses and help determine if a night at the sleep centre is necessary.
Himanshu Jain's work on 'jellyfish fluctuations' in super-cold glass has been recognized with the Otto Schott Research Award. His theory proposes that a group of atoms wiggles like a jellyfish, generating electrical conductivity and having important applications in devices like cell phones and satellites.
A study of women's moods during IVF found a strong relationship between negative mood and multiple embryo transfer. Women with more negative moods perceived lower chances of multiple pregnancies and rated their choices as riskier. This research aims to improve understanding of emotional health during IVF treatment.
Researchers identified early signs of autism development in 14-month-olds, including social and communication disruptions, irregular play patterns, and reduced verbal communication. Early diagnosis can make a significant difference in helping children with autism reach their full potential.
Researchers found that hospital mortality increased significantly according to the Child-Pugh classification, with a mortality rate of 10 percent for those with class A, 18 percent for those with class B, and 67 percent for those with class C. Postoperative complications were also higher in class B and C than in class A.
A UT study found that cardiac PET-CT scanners incorrectly indicate coronary artery disease in up to 40% of patients due to software flaws. The researchers developed a solution to address the issue, resulting in accurate images of blood flow in the heart.
A new model developed by Dr. Sam Brown recognizes the impact of durable goods on cooperation, showing that cheaters can increase without immediate consequences but ultimately face costs when others follow suit. This research has far-reaching implications for fields like ecology, economics, and medicine.
A new study published in Sleep finds that chronic insomnia can increase the chances of developing anxiety disorders and depression. Longitudinal data from over 25,000 adults revealed significant relations between chronic insomnia and the development of anxiety disorders and depression.
Patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease may experience sudden hearing loss due to endolymphatic sac tumors (ELSTs) associated with significant dysfunction of hearing and balance. Surgical intervention may be warranted for early diagnosis and treatment of ELSTs.
Researchers have successfully engineered mesenchymal stem cells from human fat tissue into 'suicide genes' that seek out and destroy tumors. This gene therapy approach inhibits tumor growth by up to 68.5% in nude mice, showing promise as a novel cancer treatment strategy.
Patients treated with Tarceva who develop a moderate to severe rash experience longer survival without disease progression compared to those with mild rashes or none. The analysis found that more severe rashes were associated with improved clinical outcomes.
Researchers at Weill Medical College have successfully cloned a mouse genome, paving the way for potential treatment of low sperm count in infertile men. The technique involves replicating the male genome, which could increase chances of conception and reduce embryo wastage.
Two studies published in The New England Journal of Medicine found taking SSRIs during pregnancy increases the risk of rare birth defects, including withdrawal symptoms and pulmonary hypertension. However, most birth defects were not associated with antidepressant use.
Researchers identify dysferlin as crucial for resealing heart muscle cell membranes, leading to cardiomyopathy in mice. Exercise exacerbates damage in mice with dysferlin deficiency, highlighting potential treatment target.
Researchers found gene variations in interleukin 1A and 1B to be a major risk factor for lung cancer, particularly among heavy smokers. These variants can lead to an overzealous inflammatory response, causing genetic damage and cancer.
A recent study by Cardiff University found that social stress and marital stress increase over time for men with male factor infertility, while mental health decreases. Despite the common misconception that men experience more emotional distress when infertile, the research shows that men in all four categories suffer equally.