A study found no association between regular multivitamin use and localized prostate cancer, but an increased risk of advanced prostate cancer among men who took high doses or had a family history. Men taking selenium, beta-carotene, or zinc supplements were also at higher risk.
The Deep Phreatic Thermal Explorer (DEPTHX) has successfully reached the bottom of Cenote Zacatón, the world's deepest known sinkhole. The robotic sub is designed to survey and explore extreme regions on Earth and potentially in outer space, advancing the search for life beyond our planet.
A University of Arizona scientist is conducting a 5-year study to map the brain's role in language, attention, and memory. The researcher uses MRI scans to reveal complex interactions between brain regions involved in these processes.
A smokeless cannabis-vaporizing device delivers the same level of active therapeutic chemical and produces the same biological effect as smoking cannabis, but without the harmful toxins. The study found that vaporization produced comparable levels of THC with minimal exposure to combustion-generated toxins.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a growing global health epidemic affecting millions. Childhood conditions can influence adult progesterone levels, according to recent studies. Additionally, research on AML1/RUNX1 reveals its role in potentiating stem and progenitor cell engraftment for successful clinical transplantation.
Researchers found that a lifestyle change intervention significantly decreased weight, cholesterol, and LDL-C in women who discontinued hormone replacement therapy. This non-pharmacological approach is safe and effective for reducing CVD risk factors in postmenopausal women.
Researchers used metabolomics to analyze blood chemicals in patients with schizophrenia before and after treatment, revealing distinct chemical signatures that differ according to the medication used. The findings may lead to earlier diagnosis, better treatment planning, and a deeper understanding of the disease's causes and effects.
A recent study by researchers at the University of New South Wales and Sydney Children's Hospital found that a third of children with a predicted peanut allergy were not allergic when challenged with peanuts. This suggests that diagnostic tests for peanut allergy may have poor sensitivity and specificity.
Recent study results show 75% of babies receiving thymus transplants survive after one year. The procedure has led to survival for most infants who would otherwise die from DiGeorge anomaly. Thymus transplantation is a treatment option that offers new hope to families affected by this rare condition.
A study by Carnegie Mellon psychologist Brooke Feeney found that providing support to a partner can lead to greater independence and healthy risk-taking in relationships. The 'dependency paradox' discovery has important applications for couples' counseling, according to Feeney.
A team of astronomers has discovered a unique structure of dark matter in the galaxy cluster Cl 0024+17, with a ring shape unlike that of galaxies and hot gas. The discovery is among the strongest evidence for dark matter's existence, supporting theoretical models of its behavior under gravity.
McGill researchers found that societies with more unequal distributions of income experience greater losses of biodiversity. The study suggests a synergy between equitable wealth distribution and conservation of biological diversity.
Researchers have identified a well-known cell receptor that sends a 'nondanger' signal to dampen the immune system. This discovery raises the possibility of targeting this receptor to prevent overzealous immune responses in transplant patients and alleviate symptoms of autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis.
A new study from USC researchers found that treadmill exercise can improve balance and stability in patients with Parkinson's Disease. The study, published in the Journal of Neuroscience, suggests that exercise may help the brain work more efficiently by allowing remaining dopamine-producing neurons to function harder.
The Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation announced the 2007 Scholar Award recipients, providing $250,000 annually for up to five years to support groundbreaking research. The selected researchers aim to accelerate type 1 diabetes research and find a cure for this devastating disease.
A new highly sensitive NMR technique using a microscopic detector decreases protein sample size by several orders of magnitude, making it possible to diagnose diseases like Alzheimer's and Huntington's at an early stage. The technology could lead to the development of tabletop NMR devices in every research laboratory and medical office.
Hospitalized patients treated with antimicrobials against atypical pathogens experienced reduced time to clinical stability, decreased hospital stays, and lower mortality rates. The study found that atypical treatment significantly improved patient outcomes in regions globally.
A large longitudinal study found that full-term, low-birth-weight babies are significantly more likely to develop respiratory symptoms, such as wheezing and coughing, between ages 1 and 5. Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke further increases the risk of these symptoms.
A NASA-University of Colorado study revealed widespread Antarctic melting in January 2005, with affected regions spanning an area as big as California. The observed melting occurred in multiple distinct regions, including far inland and at high latitudes, and was linked to unusually high air temperatures.
Researchers found that chronically bullied kids have lower cortisol levels, linked to anxiety and stress. The study suggests a biological marker for early recognition and intervention of long-term psychological effects on youth.
Halving deforestation rates by mid-century could prevent one billion tons of carbon from being transferred to the atmosphere through deforestation. Brazil has demonstrated that it is feasible to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from tropical deforestation, with nearly half its deforestation rates cut in recent years.
A study found that even low levels of physical activity, such as 75 minutes a week, can significantly improve fitness levels and reduce cardiovascular disease risks in postmenopausal women. The research suggests that sedentary adults who struggle to find time for exercise may benefit from even small amounts of physical activity.
Scientists investigate key clues behind coronavirus illness, including its ability to evade the immune system. They aim to design better vaccines and treatments for diseases like pandemic flu. By understanding virus-host interactions, researchers hope to refine their approach to combating emerging public health threats.
A new study by Samantha Price finds that large grazing animals face a higher risk of extinction under intense hunting pressure. The analysis reveals that reproductive speed is the key variable in determining extinction risk, with species like the American bison being nearly wiped out due to slow reproductive cycles.
A web-based program is being tested to help prostate cancer patients make informed treatment decisions by providing information on different approaches. The program aims to reduce inner conflict and increase patient satisfaction.
Researchers found that improving communication and patient involvement led to significant weight gain among Alzheimer's patients, who also displayed improved intellectual abilities. The study aimed to measure weight changes in patients with moderate and severe dementia.
The US health care system ranks last compared to five other nations on quality, access, efficiency, equity, and outcomes. Despite spending more on healthcare than other countries, the US also invests less in health information technology.
A team of researchers analyzed fruit fly behavior and found it to be non-randomly generated by the brain, suggesting a mechanism for free will in animals. This discovery could lead to the development of robots with spontaneous behavior and help combat human disorders related to compromised spontaneity.
Alcohol drinking has been associated with a reduced risk of renal cell cancer. Childhood leukemia and lymphoma survivors face an elevated risk of secondary cancers, while treatment with clodronate did not improve survival for men with localized prostate cancer.
A low-glycemic load diet was found to promote greater weight loss and improvements in HDL cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations among obese individuals with high insulin secretion patterns. However, no significant differences were observed between the two diets for those with normal insulin secretion.
Scientists have long debated the birthplace of the European potato. New genetic information reveals that remnants of early potatoes are of Andean and Chilean origin, with possible hybrids. This finding challenges previous assumptions and has implications for breeding programs.
A study by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that workers with a high body mass index (BMI) are at increased risk of workplace injury. The research suggests that obesity prevention policies and programs in the workplace can also lead to improved injury rates and reduced lost work time.
Michael Weiner, a pioneering brain imaging researcher at San Francisco VA Medical Center, has received the 2006 William S. Middleton Award for his outstanding achievements in biomedical research. The award recognizes his contributions to clinical magnetic resonance imaging and his leadership in nationwide clinical trials.
A single dose of vitamin D can enhance immunity to mycobacteria, the bacteria that cause TB. The supplement is cheap and effective, with a potential impact on preventing reactivation of latent TB.
A new study by Dr. Jo Phoenix reveals that magistrates often disregard Youth Offending Teams' advice and rely on stereotypes when making judgments, placing the responsibility of lawbreaking firmly with young people or their families. The research highlights material and social difficulties experienced by young offenders, but these narr...
Scientists created a mathematical model of bacterial gene transfer rates, taking into account natural subsurface environments. The new model suggests that bacterial transport and colonization are crucial factors in controlling gene spread, potentially impacting bioremediation and antibiotic resistance.
The Peabody Treatment Progress Battery (PTPB) provides ongoing feedback to service providers, enabling mid-course treatment corrections. It assesses process and outcomes of treatment services across multiple domains and perspectives.
A study by U of M researchers found that people often treat percentages as whole numbers, leading to systematic errors in calculation. This results in consumers misjudging discounts and making costly mistakes.
A study found that cigarette smoking is responsible for a quarter of head and neck cancers among individuals who do not drink alcohol. Drinking alcohol was also linked to an increased risk of head and neck cancers, particularly among never-smokers.
Biologists used simple equations to describe the motion of Listeria monocytogenes, reproducing all observed shapes with just two variables. The equations can help identify bacterial mutants and rule out mechanisms driving the motion.
A study found associations between genetic markers on chromosomes 11, 1, 2, 5, 18, 20, and 22 in tumor stroma and clinicopathological features. These findings support a model where genetic changes occur in both stromal and epithelial compartments during tumorigenesis.
Researchers found that recovery rates increased over time, with sheltered bay areas supporting recovery of outer-reef sites. Effective local management practices may aid reef recovery, suggesting a promising sign for other regions.
A study by the American Heart Association found that women are less likely than men to have their LDL cholesterol controlled, with a notable 10% gender gap. The study analyzed data from commercial and Medicare managed care plans and showed equal or better outcomes for women in most dimensions of care, except for cholesterol control.
A recent study has found that the gene p53, which is thought to assist chemotherapy in killing cancer cells, may actually help them thrive. In contrast, patients with normal p53 had only a 30% survival rate after five years. The research suggests that inhibiting p53 in tumors during chemotherapy could improve patients' long-term survival.