Children experience traumatic events, such as parent imprisonment or sudden separation, without developing PTSD. More than two-thirds of children report at least one traumatic event by age 16.
Researchers at UCSD School of Medicine targeted heparan sulfate in tumor blood vessels to inhibit angiogenesis and tumor growth. Modifying the action of this sugar uniquely impacted the tumor vasculature, altering its growth rate in lung carcinoma cells in mice.
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have created new materials with high charge-storage capacities, exceeding twice that of conventional lithium batteries. The materials also offer enhanced stability and reduced costs, paving the way for diverse applications in consumer electronics, medical devices, and hybrid electric vehicles.
Researchers found that three months of Vipassana meditation improved ability to detect a second target within the typical attentional blink window. Meditation reduced brain activity associated with seeing the first target, allowing more resources for the second target.
Researchers analyzed TV, DVD, and video viewing habits in children under 2 years old, finding that they watch an average of 40.2 minutes per day. The study also showed that parents' perceptions of TV's educational value and their role in processing content may affect its impact on development.
Janet Rossant and Anne McLaren receive March of Dimes Prize in Developmental Biology for their pioneering work on mammalian reproduction and development using the mouse model. Their research has significantly advanced understanding of birth defects, genetic predispositions, and reproductive technology.
A study found that adults who were close to the 9/11 disaster had increased amygdala activity in response to emotional stimuli several years later. The results suggest long-term neurobiological correlates of trauma exposure and potential vulnerability to mental health disorders.
In a groundbreaking discovery, Johns Hopkins scientists found that brain cells in the white matter communicate through electrical signals similar to those used by gray matter cells. This process allows 'naked' nerve cells to signal nearby oligodendrocyte precursor cells, potentially aiding in the repair of damaged myelin coats.
A new Cornell study found that people who experienced traumas, such as being close to the World Trade Center on Sept. 11, 2001, have brains that are more reactive to emotional stimuli, increasing their risk of developing mental disorders like PTSD and depression.
Researchers at UF discovered that anthrax's lethal toxin immobilizes neutrophils by preventing actin assembly, leaving them unable to protect against infection. This finding may lead to a diagnostic blood test within hours of detection, allowing for quicker treatment and potentially saving lives.
A study by UCLA researchers found that children with autism exhibit reduced activity in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, a region responsible for evaluating emotions and context. This impairment affects their ability to process visual cues like eye gaze and facial expressions.
Researchers found a link between taking centrally active ACE inhibitors and lower rates of mental decline, with a 50% lower decline in test results compared to other high blood pressure pills. The study suggests that these drugs may slow cognitive decline by reducing inflammation in the brain.
Researchers analyzed post-mortem brain slices using 3T and 7T MRI, revealing 7T's ability to detect more MS lesions. This advancement can delay disease conversion and improve monitoring of neurological deficits in multiple sclerosis patients.
A Cardiff University study found that climate change is causing a decline in springtime macroinvertebrate abundance by up to 21% for every 1 degree Celsius rise in temperature. The study predicts that species numbers could fall by 12-25% over the next 50 years.
A recent study found that radiology residents use approximately 15% of their average annual salary for educational expenses. Senior residents reported an average out-of-pocket expense of $7,515 for review courses and board examinations, with many struggling to pay off student loans from medical school.
A study by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found that light sticks used in longline fisheries attract turtles, which can lead to entanglement and death. The researchers suggest that adjusting the lighting or using colors undetectable to turtles could reduce turtle deaths.
The Hamilton researchers used state-of-the-art computational techniques to design molecules that were predicted to be effective against breast cancer. These molecules, later synthesized by Albany Medical College scientists, showed promise as anti-breast cancer compounds in animal systems.
Jeffrey L. Osborn, a University of Kentucky professor, has been named the 2007 Arthur C. Guyton Teacher of the Year by the American Physiological Society for his classroom teaching and research on renal sodium and water balance. He received a $1,000 honorarium and funding to attend an APS meeting.
Researchers found that ultra-low-dose MDCT improved patient care and management in patients with nonspecific abdominal pain. The study showed that 37% of patients could be discharged the same day based on negative findings on MDCT.
A new study suggests that dual-energy MDCT can enhance polyp detection in an unprepped colon, potentially making CT colonography more comfortable for patients. The researchers found improved accuracy at lower energy settings, paving the way for future studies to test patient safety and efficacy.
Young children with autism have difficulty recognizing ordinary words and more of their brains are occupied with this kind of task compared to typically developing youngsters. Their brains slow down instead of becoming experts in word recognition.
CT angiography (CTA) has been found to accurately detect ruptured cerebral aneurysms in patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage, with a sensitivity of 99.4%. The study, conducted at the Health Sciences Center in Winnipeg, Canada, involved 171 patients who underwent preoperative 3D CTA.
Research suggests that older-adult dieting won't lead to reduced physical function, with women losing muscle but maintaining aerobic fitness and strength. Weight regain also doesn't negatively impact physical performance, as long as the regained weight is not excessive fat.
Researchers discovered a genetic mutation that increases muscle mass and enhances racing performance in whippets, similar to humans. Whippets with one mutated copy of the myostatin gene are more muscular and fast, while those with two mutated copies have excessive muscle and poor athletic performance.
A new study found that nearly 90% of colon polyps detected at CT colonoscopy were confirmed as true polyps during subsequent optical colonoscopy. The accuracy rate was similar for smaller and larger polyp sizes, suggesting improvements in detection due to colonic preparation and image analysis methods.
A study by the Economic & Social Research Council finds that younger people in Scotland and Wales are more likely to support nationalist parties, driven by a decline in British national pride. The researchers suggest that this trend may lead to increased potential for independence movements.
A recent study found that MRI and MRS correctly staged 12 out of 16 patients with prostate cancer, enabling surgeons to plan wide resection of the neurovascular bundle. This improved accuracy helps ensure negative surgical margins and effective operations.
Researchers have developed a patented pretreatment process for biomass, ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX), making the breakdown of cellulose more efficient. This technology has the potential to replace gasoline and diesel with cheaper, better-for-the-environment biofuels.
Researchers use Functional Anesthetic Discography (FAD) to diagnose lower back pain cause, finding 19 out of 29 discs showed favorable response to anesthetic injection. The study suggests that not all patients with disc disease experience pain relief, indicating potential spinal contributors.
A study published by American College of Radiology found CAD with CR detects 47 of 53 breast cancers, surpassing film screen mammography in dense and small lesion cases.
Researchers developed a new technique to acquire soft-tissue cross-sectional images using a flat panel C-arm fluoroscopic unit. This allows for efficient patient visits and additional clinical information that directly affects interventional therapy in 80% of cases.
A new study reveals that contrast-enhanced 64-MDCT can accurately diagnose acute trauma to the aorta without the need for invasive catheter angiography. This eliminates the need for mobilizing an angiography team, allowing treatment to begin immediately after diagnosis.
A recent study found significantly higher transcription error rates in women compared to men, with error rates ranging from 0.015 to 0.206 in females and 0.025 to 0.139 in males. The results suggest that women may need to spend more time training on commercial speech recognition systems to achieve accurate results.
A study by radiologists at the University of Minnesota found that PET-CT detects muscular lymphoma more effectively than CT alone, revealing muscle involvement that may be overlooked. This breakthrough suggests that incorporating PET-CT into imaging protocols can lead to more accurate diagnoses and treatment plans.
Researchers used MRS to evaluate fetal lung maturity in amniotic fluid samples, finding choline levels above 49 mg/g indicate mature lungs. This non-invasive method could spare pregnant women and their fetuses from risks of amniocentesis.
Researchers at Michigan State University have developed a new corn variety that can break down cellulose in leaves and stalks into simple sugars for ethanol production. This innovation allows for more cost-effective and efficient production of ethanol, enabling the sale of waste products as an economically viable commodity.
Children with a family history of autism exhibit impaired social referencing, seeking emotional cues less frequently and failing to respond consistently to adult reactions. Brain activity measurements also show differences in neural response to emotionally tagged objects.
A study by Changi General Hospital in Singapore found that percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors is safer and more effective than open surgery, with reduced post-procedural pain and shorter hospital stays. The technique allows patients to resume daily activities faster and return to work sooner.
A recent study by the American College of Radiology found that CT scans were more effective than plain radiographs in detecting lumbar spine fractures. The study revealed that CT scans correctly identified 91.7% of fractures, while plain films only detected 56.4%, highlighting their superior diagnostic value.
A UCLA imaging study found that autistic children with impaired imitation and empathy skills have reduced activity in the mirror-neuron system, a neural mechanism for automatic understanding of others' actions. This suggests that this system may be the underlying cause of these symptoms.
A study by Charite Campus Benjamin Franklin in Berlin, Germany shows CT angiography is effective for detecting peripheral vascular disease. The technique outperforms digital subtraction angiography in diagnostic image quality and patient management decisions.
A study found that reaction time slows down during the night and reaches its lowest point in the early morning, affecting cognitive processing stages. The central-slowing hypothesis suggests that this slowdown contributes to impaired driving performance and increased risk of traffic accidents in the early morning.
Radiologists use nighthawk services primarily for convenience and recruiting value, with excessive volume also a motivation. International nighthawk services are used in 40% of cases, but often involve American radiologists reading foreign films.
Researchers analyzed crash test injuries with CT imaging to improve car safety. The study found that CT scans accurately predicted rib cage damage caused by simulated car collisions.
A new study suggests that diagnostic ultrasound can be used for biometric identification by matching paired images of fingerprints based on internal structures. The researchers found a high accuracy rate of 96% among four readers, with radiologists achieving a 100% success rate.
A recent study found that CT and MRI are highly accurate in determining optimal candidates for liver transplantation in patients with cirrhosis. The study demonstrated agreement between radiology and pathology staging in 96.5-97.5% of patients, supporting the use of imaging tools in candidate selection.
Geologists at PNNL have identified 62 sites with known or suspected mammoth finds, verifying and collecting material from eight locations, including two this spring. Preliminary results suggest most mammoths were buried in the Lake Lewis area at elevations of 600-1,000 feet.
A recent case report suggests that ultrasound-guided cryoablation of small breast cancer is a safe procedure with minimal side effects, resulting in excellent cosmetic results and no progressive disease at one year follow-up. The technique has shown promise as an alternative to surgery for minimal breast cancer treatment.
A common genetic variation on chromosome 9p21 is linked to a substantial increase in risk for heart attack, with individuals carrying the variation having a 1.64-fold greater risk of suffering a heart attack. The study found that approximately 21 percent of individuals of European descent carry two copies of the genetic variation.
A recent study using MRI found that 88% of patients with knee osteoarthrosis exhibit abnormalities in the lateral collateral ligament complex. The study also identified a significant association between lateral compartment osteoarthrosis and fibular collateral ligament abnormalities.
A new study found that high intracoronary attenuation significantly improves diagnostic accuracy in 64-slice CT-CA of the coronary arteries, with sensitivity and specificity rates of 91% and 93%, respectively, for low attenuation groups and 96% and 97%, respectively, for high attenuation groups.
A recent study found that MR imaging can predict prostate cancer recurrence in patients with extracapsular extension. The study, which analyzed 74 men with biopsy-proven prostate cancer, identified features on imaging that indicated a higher risk of metastasis.
Scientists discover extensive 'twilight zone' of particles beyond individual clouds, affecting up to 60% of atmosphere previously labeled as cloud-free. The discovery complicates climate change predictions and may require recalculating estimates of solar energy reflection.
Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CE-US) is highly accurate in identifying vascular and biliary complications after liver transplant, affecting up to 43.5% of patients. CE-US can accurately detect complications such as hepatic artery thrombosis, portal vein stenosis, and bile leaks.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago are studying fatigue in cancer patients undergoing stem cell transplants using ecological momentary assessment. Patients use a wearable device to record their fatigue intensity, providing an instant measurement of symptoms that can interfere with daily functioning.
Researchers at Dartmouth Medical School have discovered a vitamin that extends lifespan in yeast by activating an anti-aging gene product. The study found that providing this newly discovered vitamin, NR, activates Sir2, which resembles sirtuins found in humans and is involved in longevity and energy expenditure.
A randomized, double-blind controlled trial is being conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of topical honey in healing diabetic ulcers. The study aims to provide a cost-effective alternative to antibiotics, which are often ineffective against drug-resistant bacteria.
Researchers from NEC, JST and RIKEN have successfully demonstrated the world's first controllably coupled qubits using a new circuit technology. This achievement is vital for the realization of practical quantum computers, which are expected to surpass even today's most modern supercomputers in capabilities.
A comment in The Lancet raises concerns about the World Bank's new 10-year health policy, which prioritizes private market approaches and may undermine global health initiatives. The comment calls for a coherent long-term plan to repair fragmented and inequitable health systems in poor countries.
Current health policy based on voluntary vaccinations is not enough to control severe flu epidemics and pandemics unless vaccination programs offer incentives to individuals. Free vaccinations for entire families could actually increase the frequency of severe epidemics, according to UCLA researchers.