Researchers developed a nano-bio-chip device that analyzes saliva to detect proteins associated with heart attack, offering a non-invasive and rapid diagnostic tool. The test can identify current heart attacks and predict future risk, potentially saving lives and preventing damage from cardiac disease.
Researchers found that lung cancer patients over 80 fare equally well after surgery as their younger counterparts, while elevated interleukin-12 levels are associated with poorer survival rates in melanoma patients. DNA methylation decreases with age, potentially contributing to cancer development.
Researchers at the University of Chicago Medical Center have discovered a novel genetic marker, H2A.Z, linked to breast cancer progression and metastasis. Elevated expression of this protein can help physicians make better predictions and treatment choices for patients.
A new study led by UC Berkeley researchers reconstructs the Sudden Oak Death epidemic in California, tracing the pathogen's spread from its introduction to its current evolution. The study finds that nurseries played a key role in spreading the disease and that climate and environmental conditions contribute to the pathogen's mortality.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have determined the importance of mixing in anaerobic digesters, which can produce biogas with manure waste, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and groundwater contamination. The study suggests that increasing mixing intensity is crucial for successful operations.
A recent study by the University of Chicago found that happiness in America increases with age, with older adults reporting higher levels of contentment. The research also discovered that baby boomers are less happy than other generations, while economic fluctuations can impact national happiness levels.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation is urging EU countries to continue seeking government recognition and action to address the growing burden of osteoporosis. Despite progress in management, important care gaps remain, including limited access to bone mineral density machines and evidence-based treatments.
Research shows that TV news audiences are increasingly divided by party affiliation, with significant consequences for democracy and political discourse. Individuals who don't identify strongly with either party are watching less news, while those who do are exposed to tailored content that reinforces their views.
Researchers found that hormone therapy started around menopause onset may have similar benefits as those without risk factors for heart disease. The study suggests that current guidelines may need to be revised for younger women taking hormone therapy.
Research found people with high cholesterol levels between 249-500mg are 1.5 times more likely to develop Alzheimer's disease than those with low cholesterol levels under 198mg. High mid-life cholesterol also increased the risk of vascular dementia regardless of other factors.
A new security system, ARMOR, uses randomization to analyze data on vehicle checkpoints and canine searches, providing a model for police operations. This system aims to enhance safety by minimizing the predictability of potential terrorist attacks.
Western Australian researchers have made a world-first discovery that could help treat life-threatening tumours by reversing angiogenesis. The team found that the gene RGS5 can normalise blood vessels in tumours, allowing for improved immune cell entry and increased survival rates in laboratory tests.
A PhD study by Juan Pedro Reyes found that integrating safety into building design can significantly reduce accidents and costs. The research developed a mathematical model to calculate the sustainability of a building's safety, with promising results.
A mathematical model suggests that intelligent life emerging on other planets is low due to the short life span of Earth. The model, developed by Prof Andrew Watson, estimates the probability of each critical step occurring as 10% or less over four billion years.
A study published in New England Journal of Medicine found that female sex, antenatal corticosteroid treatment, singleton birth, and higher birth weight are equally important as gestational age in determining the care needs of these infants. The research involved nearly 4,500 infants born between 22-25 weeks gestation.
The study demonstrates that AVONEX slows disability progression and reduces relapses in MS patients, improving their overall quality of life. Over 90% of patients experienced an improvement in general health while on treatment, with a significant reduction in disability scores.
Using C. elegans, researchers identified previously unknown proteins key to transporting heme in human blood and discovered genes involved in heme transport, which could lead to new treatments for iron deficiency. The findings suggest that understanding heme absorption is crucial for effective iron delivery in humans.
Researchers identify tropical wetlands as primary methane emitters during glacial times, while forest fires remained constant. The study provides essential information on natural changes in atmospheric methane concentrations prior to human impact.
A computer system called SEMAINE is being developed to recognize human emotions through facial expressions, gaze, and voice, enabling it to adapt its performance and engage in conversation. This project aims to bridge the gap between humans and technology, paving the way for more natural interactions.
Researchers are joining forces to study past earthquakes in the archaeological record, which can provide valuable insights into seismic hazard estimates. A new standardized method, known as the Archeological Quality Factor (AQF), is being proposed to document the certainty of ancient earthquake records.
A University of Chicago study reveals that older adults are more socially engaged in their communities, despite popular stereotypes. Many people in this age group volunteer, attend religious services, and spend time with neighbors on a weekly basis.
A recent meta-analysis of 15 studies involving over 70,000 participants identified six new genes linked to type 2 diabetes. The study, published in Nature Genetics, confirms that insulin-producing cells play a crucial role in the disease's development.
A new NIH study has identified several factors that influence an extremely low birth weight infant's chances for survival and disability. These factors include sex, birthweight, single birth status, and antenatal steroids, which can predict individual outcomes and help guide treatment decisions.
Researchers found a significant link between ALS and formaldehyde exposure, with longer-term exposure increasing the risk. Formaldehyde is used in various household products and has not been previously linked to ALS.
The University of Washington is leading a $6.25M project to develop an electronic Sherlock Holmes system for complex data analysis in the military. The system will integrate various types of sensor data to predict behavior and make decisions, addressing the challenge of handling high degrees of complexity and uncertainty.
Researchers are developing a blood test to detect aggressive breast cancer using a comprehensive tissue collection and advanced proteomics technology. The project aims to identify proteins that indicate aggressive cancer and can be detected in blood, adding to the tools available to fight the disease.
Researchers have developed tests that diagnose, predict or monitor cancer risks without invasive tissue sampling. Oral epithelium can be used as a surrogate tissue to assess molecular damage to the lungs, allowing for convenient biomonitoring methods.
A new study suggests that exceeding recommended physical activity levels and limiting screen time may increase a child's risk of becoming overweight. Caregivers can reduce this risk by encouraging physical activity and limiting screen time.
The study, which examined men's reports of sexual desire and arousal, found that factors like depression, relationships, and scent play a significant role in shaping their experiences. The Kinsey Institute's dual control model suggests that separate systems for excitation and inhibition exist within the central nervous system.
Higher blood levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12) are associated with poor overall survival in Stage III melanoma patients. Age is also a significant risk factor for death, but only when combined with IL-12 levels.
Researchers found that higher creatinine levels in black patients with kidney disease cannot be explained by differences in muscle mass. The study suggests new theories are needed to account for the racial difference, which could help explain why blacks are more affected by progressive chronic kidney disease.
Researchers at Brookhaven National Laboratory found that increasing dopamine D2 receptor levels can reduce cocaine use in rats by 75 percent. The treatment, which involves injecting a harmless virus carrying the D2 receptor gene into the brain, has potential as an addiction therapy.
Researchers found that low vitamin D levels are associated with a higher prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Studies suggest that vitamin D may not have a direct protective effect against PAD, but rather may be a marker for other health practices such as healthy diet and physical activity.
The Wildlife Conservation Society's new book, State of the Wild, explores pressing conservation issues including wildlife disease, climate change, and conservation as diplomacy. The book features expert essays from top scientists and thought leaders, providing a comprehensive look at the current trends affecting wildlife worldwide.
A study of 249 patients with breast cancer found that using MRI before surgery can lead to better-adapted treatment, including changing surgical approaches for multiple tumors. The technique reduced the need for mastectomies and improved treatment outcomes in 22 patients.
Studies found obese breast cancer patients have poorer disease-free and overall survival rates compared to non-obese counterparts. Obesity also affects diagnostic characteristics, including stage at diagnosis, surgical delay, and hospital stay.
Researchers develop basic framework for PHR adoption, addressing concerns around privacy and security. A comprehensive PHR can help patients become their own health advocates, access healthcare workers' opinions, and make informed decisions.
OHSU Cancer Institute researchers discovered the gene ASPP2 is necessary in eliminating cancer cells. This protein activates pathways that tell cancer cells to die, protecting them from one of the steps leading to cancer. The study may lead to better therapies and cancer care for patients.
A phase 1 clinical trial showed AME-133v had a potent tumor-halting response in patients with follicular lymphoma. The drug triggered signaling pathways within cells to slow or stop cancer growth, while causing minimal side effects.
A study found that genetic variations in the vitamin D receptor gene are associated with an increased risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Vitamin D has been shown to play a role in preventing cancer, but its effects on specific genetic variants and breast cancer risk were unclear until this research.
The BBVA Foundation has awarded six Biomedicine Chairs to leading researchers, facilitating knowledge transfer and strengthening ties between Spain and international teams. The chairs will focus on basic and clinical research, with a total funding of €1.2M.
Fraunhofer researchers develop a Functional DMU framework to simulate mechatronic products, enabling the evaluation of safety issues such as power windows. The virtual product can be tested with various software packages, including SimPack, Matlab/Simulink, and Dymola.
Researchers used a transgenic fruit fly model to study how Salmonella evades immune defenses, finding that the protein AvrA shuts down key signaling pathways. This allows the bacteria to cause severe intestinal infections. The study's results suggest that other pathogens may target similar biochemical networks to avoid elimination.
Researchers at Carnegie Institution found that jet streams in both hemispheres have risen in altitude and shifted towards the poles, possibly due to global warming. This shift may lead to changes in storm patterns, including more powerful and frequent hurricanes.
Researchers present data on new role for MRI in brain cancer and lapatinib's promise for stabilizing disease in patients with liver cancer. Functional diffusion mapping can provide earlier assessment of response for patients with glioma, a notoriously hard-to-treat cancer.
A new study by University of Minnesota researchers identifies unit burst generators in the spinal cord that control rhythmic movements such as walking. The discovery may help lead to treatments for Parkinson's disease and spinal cord injuries.
Geothermics shifts under Elsevier's leadership to promote geothermal resources as a sustainable energy source. The journal will continue to publish leading peer-reviewed research and critical technical reference studies in geothermal science and technology.
Researchers found that people admitted on weekends after cardiac arrest are more likely to die due to lack of resources and improved resuscitation efforts outside hospitals. The study also revealed men tend to survive better than women and cardiac arrest patients are getting younger.
A new type of anesthetic, ethyl carbamate or urethane, has been found to induce the full spectrum of natural sleep stages, including slow-wave sleep and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. This breakthrough discovery allows researchers to fine-tune sleep medications and anesthetics, ultimately benefiting patients with sleep disorders.
Researchers at Dartmouth have found that chromium displays unexpected magnetic properties, which can be used in spintronics to process and store data more efficiently. This discovery expands the potential applications of antiferromagnets in technology.
Despite being more depressed, women are more likely than men to take stroke medications after a hospital discharge. A study of 491 stroke survivors found that 78% of participants were still taking their medications three months later, with women exhibiting higher adherence rates than men.
Researchers found that higher vitamin D levels were associated with a lower prevalence of PAD. Individuals with the lowest vitamin D levels had a 64% higher risk of PAD compared to those with the highest levels.
A study published in the April 2008 edition of the journal Phytotherapy Research found that Pycnogenol, an antioxidant plant extract from pine bark, significantly reduced osteoarthritis symptoms by 56% and joint pain by 55%. The treatment also improved physical function by 56% and increased patient mobility almost three-fold.
Researchers found that common versions of FGFR2 and TNRC9 genes increase breast cancer risk in women carrying damaged BRCA2 gene. The study suggests that knowledge of a BRCA mutation is necessary but not sufficient to fully understand cancer risk.
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center found that where and how the body stores excess calories is more important than overall weight in determining an individual's risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Overeating, rather than obesity itself, may trigger the development of this health condition.
The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) is expanding its online journal Science Signaling, which focuses on new insights for combating disease and understanding normal human biology. Dr. Michael B. Yaffe will serve as Chief Scientific Editor, aiming to attract and publish top-notch signaling research.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a new technique to image cells under an electron microscope, yielding a sharper picture of chromatin structure. This method allows for enhanced staining and structural preservation, enabling scientists to study chromatin packing and gene expression in high resolution.
Researchers analyzed gene sequences of seasonal influenza virus samples collected from temperate regions and found that new strains emerge annually from the tropics. This understanding can help public health officials develop more accurate flu vaccine strategies.
A new study suggests that pregnant breast cancer patients can benefit from the same treatment as non-pregnant women with minimal health risks to the baby. The research collected data from 122 patients and found that most received surgery and chemotherapy without significant harm to the newborn.
A study using the ultimatum game found that even when subjects stood to gain the same amount of money, they were happier with fair offers and more disdainful of lopsided deals. The brain's emotional response was linked to regions associated with reward and self-control.
Roberta, a German robotics project, aims to encourage high school girls to pursue technical trades and university programs. The program has been successful, with 22 regional centers in Germany and plans for European expansion.
The new LensShape system enables the rapid testing of free-form geometries in aspherical lenses, reducing production time from over an hour to just 15 minutes. This innovative method uses fringe pattern analysis and machine learning algorithms to identify deviations with high accuracy.
A study of 2,050 people aged 70-89 found that 15% had mild cognitive impairment, with men being one-and-a-half times more likely to experience it. The study's findings suggest a delayed progression to dementia in men and potentially faster development in women.
Researchers developed novel probe technology that replaces conventional AFM cantilevers, enabling fast topographic imaging, quantitative material characterization, and single molecule mechanics measurements. These probes can simultaneously measure material properties like adhesion, stiffness, elasticity, and viscosity.
A study of 938 people with Alzheimer's disease found that heavy drinking reduced the age of onset by six to seven years, while heavy smoking reduced it by two and a half years. The combination of both risk factors led to an earlier onset of the disease.
A study suggests seismic hazard maps for New Madrid and Charleston zones may be less dire than current predictions, as a new model assumes earthquakes are less likely to occur immediately after a major quake. The 'time-dependent' model sheds light on assumptions in hazard mapping, which affect building codes and preparations.
A study of 110 women entering menopause found that sleep disruption was the most severe symptom reported, affecting 95% of participants. Despite changes in frequency of other symptoms as they progressed through the menopause, sleep difficulties remained constant, contradicting earlier research.
The use of cell-based assays is increasing in early drug discovery work to test toxic effects, according to Genetic Engineering News. The technique offers a faster and lower-cost alternative, with market estimates projecting over $230 million by 2015.
Researchers identified a new immune polyradiculoneuropathy affecting workers at several pork processing plants, causing nerve damage and inflammation in legs. Thirteen out of 15 patients showed elevated protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid and activation of their immune systems.
Researchers analyzed 13,000 virus samples from 2002 to 2007 to understand migration patterns of seasonal flu. They found that East and Southeast Asia serves as a source for influenza A (H3N2) viruses globally, with new strains emerging in the region before spreading to other parts of the world.
A study found that flu viruses originating in East and Southeast Asia spread globally, with strains emerging in Asia first, followed by Europe and North America. The research aims to improve flu vaccine design by focusing surveillance efforts on these regions.
Recent research has identified seven LRRK2 gene mutations associated with Parkinson's disease, including a rare mutation that doubles the risk in ethnic Chinese. The findings suggest that genetic influences passed down through generations can significantly increase susceptibility to the disease.
A new study by Duke University researchers found that big-brained primates, such as humans and chimpanzees, live longer and have more complex social skills due to their larger brain size. This extended life span allows them to reproduce for a longer period, increasing their chances of survival and passing on their genes.
Researchers have identified a tropical source for the influenza A virus, which infects North Americans each winter and causes an average of 36,000 deaths. The study found that two strains of the virus, H3N2 and H1N1, follow a distinct pattern in their seasonal emergence and evolution.
The Avian Reintroduction & Translocation Database (ARTD) centralizes information on 128 bird species, 405 release sites and 1,207 events. It provides a valuable tool for wildlife managers to design future programs based on lessons learned from past projects.
Researchers found over 10,500 dead animals along 11 miles of roads in Indiana, with nearly 95% being frogs and other amphibians. The study suggests that road-related death contributes to their decline, highlighting the need for mitigation structures like underpasses and fences.
Researchers at the University of Western Ontario discovered that abdominal fat tissue produces a hormone called Neuropeptide Y (NPY), which stimulates fat cell production. This novel finding may lead to new therapeutic targets for combating obesity, including the development of a simple blood test to detect increased levels of NPY.
A recent study found that new anti-TNFα drugs are better than standard treatments for RA, with patients experiencing improved response when combined with methotrexate therapy. However, these drugs also have a higher frequency of adverse side effects, particularly at high doses.
Research reveals a striking decline in US prostate cancer mortality compared to the UK, with faster rates of decline attributed to increased screening and treatment. The study suggests that differences in detection and treatment policies may contribute to this disparity.