A new study published in CMAJ found that patients receiving drug eluting stents had better outcomes, including lower mortality rates, compared to those with bare metal stents. However, the study also noted an increased risk of repeat revascularization procedures or death after three years.
Astronomers use gravitational lensing effect to magnify light from quasar MG J0414+0534, detecting water vapour at redshift 2.64, a time when the Universe was only a fifth of its current age
The worm Caenhorabditis elegans becomes resistant to pesticide Levamisole in 20 generations, adapting its population in just 80 days. This resistance allows the worms to survive and reproduce despite the pesticide's effects on mobility and fertility.
A new study published in Epidemiology found that smoking during the first trimester of pregnancy increases the risk of cleft lip in newborns. The study suggests that 19% of cases may be due to maternal smoking, with a two-fold increased risk from heavy smoking and 1.6 fold risk from passive smoking.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have identified a protein called Asr1 that 'glues' ubiquitin to specific spots in the DNA-copying enzyme, causing it to be jettisoned and inactivating gene transcription. This discovery sheds light on how ubiquitin regulates gene activity.
A Brown University research team has discovered carbonates, a long-sought mineral that suggests Mars had neutral to alkaline waters and potentially hospitable environments for primitive life. The findings, published in Science, indicate that Mars may have had 'just right' conditions for life to thrive.
A leading researcher at Stanford University School of Medicine argues that the time has come to shift from mouse-centered approaches to a broader 'systems biology' approach to tackle human diseases. The current small-laboratory approach has limitations in translating results to humans.
The University of Copenhagen has received funding to establish a new center for pharmaceutical nanotechnology and nanotoxicology, aiming to optimize delivery systems and therapeutic benefits. The center will focus on rational design of nanotechnology materials and tools to improve therapeutic benefit-to-risk ratio.
Thomas R. Kurfess, Clemson University BMW Endowed Chair, was recognized as a Fellow of the American Association for Advancement of Science for his work on advanced production systems and process control. His research focuses on ensuring vehicle performance through prognostics and diagnostics.
Aphids leave behind their old exoskeletons, called exuviae, to act as decoys for parasitoid wasps. This behavior helps aphids escape from parasitic attacks by giving other aphids time to flee while the wasps investigate the empty shells.
Researchers have discovered a way to produce brilliant white light using zinc oxide and sulfur, with potential applications for energy-efficient and safe illumination. The new material has been shown to convert invisible ultraviolet light into natural white light, offering advantages over current fluorescent bulbs and LEDs.
A Montana State University study found that males from three types of dinosaurs were sole care givers for their mate's eggs, possibly having multiple mates. The researchers examined fossil evidence and compared clutch sizes to adult sizes in the dinosaurs and their closest living relatives, birds and crocodiles.
A commonly-prescribed drug for men suffering from pelvic pain failed to significantly reduce symptoms in a 12-week international study. Researchers can now focus on more promising therapies.
The Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation devotes a special supplement to traumatic brain injury (TBI), featuring studies on patterns, predictors, and mechanisms for recovery. The supplement aims to encourage new directions for treatment research based on the root causes of behavioral and brain dysfunction.
The US Air Force is integrating medical acupuncture into its military healthcare, utilizing a technique developed by Dr. Richard Niemtzow to relieve severe pain lasting several days. This approach reduces reliance on pain medications that may cause adverse reactions or addiction, offering a promising alternative for pain management in ...
Researchers at UC San Diego and Genentech have developed a new shotgun protein sequencing method that reduces the time required to sequence an unknown antibody to under 36 hours. This breakthrough technique is faster than traditional methods and can automatically detect post-translational modifications.
Northwestern University researchers have discovered a CRISPR locus that can impede the spread of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic staphylococci by blocking plasmid transfer. This mechanism could provide a means to limit the spread of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors in bacteria.
Researchers developed a computer system architecture that can recognize human gestures, enabling people with physical disabilities to interact with computers. The system uses datagloves with illuminated LEDs tracked by webcams to monitor hand or shoulder movements.
A recent study by Tel Aviv University researchers validates Prozac's potential in fighting cancer itself. Prozac dramatically enhances the effectiveness of doxorubicin, an anti-cancer drug, by blocking resistance mechanisms in cancer cells.
Joseph H. Nadeau, Ph.D., was elected as an American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Fellow for his contributions to mouse genetics and mouse genome informatics and analysis. The award recognizes his sustained and significant efforts to advance science in these areas.
Top robotics expert Professor Noel Sharkey urges setting policy guidelines for the safe and ethical application of robots. Service robots are increasingly used in care settings, raising concerns about social isolation and potential psychological impacts on children and elderly individuals.
UTSA researchers Ravi Sandhu and Miguel Yacaman were elected as American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Fellows for their scientifically distinguished efforts in cyber security and nanotechnology. Their work has advanced science and its applications, making significant contributions to these fields.
Researchers found increasing charcoal deposits indicating forest burning for agriculture until around 500 years ago, followed by a precipitous drop coinciding with human population decline. This suggests that post-pandemic reforestation in the Americas helped trigger a period of global cooling known as the Little Ice Age.
Researchers warn that 10-30 year delay in predicted cleanup date may occur due to increased urban growth and non-point sources. Despite regulations, pollutants have returned to pre-industrial concentration levels, while stormwater discharges pose a significant threat to coastal systems.
ETH Zurich researchers discovered a previously unknown protein structure and mechanism for sulfur transfer in E. coli, which could lead to the development of antibacterial drugs targeting urinary tract infections. The unique two-propeller structure of ASST catalyzes a ping-pong mechanism for sulfuryl transfer.
Denise Galloway, a microbiologist, was honored for her work on human papillomaviruses causing anogenital malignancies. Her studies established that nearly all cervical cancers are caused by HPVs, leading to breakthroughs in Gardasil vaccine development. Gerald Smith, a geneticist and microbiologist, was recognized for his research on h...
The University of Exeter and Bath have secured a £5 million Science and Innovation Award to create the Centre of Graphene Science. Researchers will focus on graphene's mechanical, electrical, and optical properties for computing and medicine applications.
The UCSF School of Dentistry has received a seven-year grant to launch programs preventing early childhood tooth decay. The initiative aims to reduce oral health disparities among vulnerable populations, particularly children in low-income families and minority groups.
Scientists have found a genetic variation at the hexokinase-1 gene associated with glycated hemoglobin, an index of long-term blood glucose concentration. The study analyzed 14,618 women and found that variations at this gene are an important determinant of glycated hemoglobin concentrations.
A study of over 20,000 first-time mothers found that repeated miscarriages and hormone treatment for infertility increased the risk of pre-eclampsia. Women with one or two miscarriages were not at higher risk, but those who had three or more miscarriages saw a 50% increase in pre-eclampsia risk.
A recent study found that multiple antenatal steroid courses do not improve preterm birth outcomes and can decrease baby size. Infants exposed to multiple doses of corticosteroids weighed less at birth than those exposed to placebo.
Children participating in group weight-management programs showed significant decreases in BMI scores compared to control groups. The study found that families and group leaders worked together to set individualized dietary goals and promote physical activity, leading to a 4% decrease in overweight children in treatment groups.
Researchers found MRI brain scans accurately diagnose Alzheimer's disease even before symptoms interfere with daily function. The study suggests incorporating MRIs into the assessment of patients with memory problems can standardize and improve early diagnosis.
Men are more likely to give money to someone in their neighborhood if they give at all. Women tend to be more generous and give equal amounts to both groups. The study's findings have implications for fundraisers, suggesting charities should focus on relationships between donors and causes to ensure ingroup connection.
Researchers found that passage graves in Denmark are oriented towards the full moon and lunar eclipses, hinting at an ancient astronomical calendar. The study suggests that the Stone Age people may have used these alignments for ritual practices and predicting lunar eclipses.
The Department of Energy's Innovative and Novel Computational Impact on Theory and Experiment (INCITE) program has awarded 28 projects at Argonne National Laboratory with $400 million hours of computing time. These projects will focus on various fields including energy, biology, climate change, astrophysics, and more.
Researchers will conduct simulations of advanced nuclear energy systems using powerful IBM Blue Gene/P supercomputer. The work aims to develop precise computer simulations of next-generation nuclear systems, reducing costs and improving safety.
A study by Texas A&M University researcher Jason Moore suggests that male dinosaurs may have cared for and watched over eggs, similar to female birds. The findings are based on the examination of six well-preserved dinosaur egg nests, which indicate that males likely played a key role in incubating the eggs.
Researchers envision a 'revolution' in lighting with LEDs, promising cost savings of $1.83 trillion and reduced carbon emissions by 10.68 gigatons. Smart lighting applications could enhance healthcare, transportation, digital displays, and computer networking.
A new USGS report highlights the potential for abrupt climate changes in the US, including rapid sea ice loss, increased drought, and decreased ocean circulation. Further research is needed to improve understanding of these changes and develop effective adaptation strategies.
A woman with a rare condition known as swallow syncope experiences episodes of feeling light-headed after eating sandwiches or fizzy drinks. The condition is caused by alterations in the vagal nervous reflex arc, leading to abnormal feedback that affects heart function.
Researchers use atomic force microscopy to probe individual bonds between asbestos fibers and human cells, revealing potential triggers for cancer. The study aims to understand how asbestos interacts with cell surface receptors, which could aid in drug development efforts targeting mesothelioma and other asbestos-related illnesses.
The F-MARC project aims to investigate the long-term cardio-vascular and musculo-skeletal health effects of regular football and jogging participation. The research focuses on premenopausal untrained women and middle-aged men with hypertension, aiming to provide scientific recommendations for millions of soccer players worldwide.
Scientists have successfully engineered bacteria to produce unusually long-chain alcohols essential in the creation of biofuels, packing more energy into a smaller space. The new method could lead to more efficient production of gasoline and jet fuel, reducing volatility and corrosion., Researchers used genetic modification to expand n...
Scientists have found a way for ancient RNA molecules to fuse together naturally, forming larger fragments that can reach a biologically important size. This discovery could help explain how life emerged on Earth, with RNA molecules able to fold into functional shapes at around 100 bases long.
Five Brown University faculty, including neuroscientist David Berson and brain scientist John Donoghue, have been elected as fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. They were recognized for their contributions to various fields, including visual neuroscience, marine ecology, and cell biology.
A new study finds that obesity increases the risk of developing lymphedema by 40-60% in breast cancer survivors.MU researchers recommend increased health education for high-BMI patients to reduce lymphedema risk and promote optimal BMI maintenance.
Thomson's discovery of human embryonic stem cells and development of induced pluripotent stem cells launched the field of stem cell science. His work has the potential to help find the root cause of disease, test new drugs at the human cellular level, and offer regenerative therapies.
The Synthetic Biology Project aims to minimize risks and maximize benefits through rigorous analysis and public engagement. The project explores governance options, examines public perceptions, and identifies knowledge gaps in synthetic biology.
Christopher B. Field, director of Carnegie's Department of Global Ecology, and Douglas E. Koshland, staff scientist at the Department of Embryology, have been elected as AAAS Fellows. They received this honor for advancing science or its applications through their work on global ecology and cell biology.
A new study published in Psychological Science found that spending time in nature improves attention and memory processes. Volunteers who took a walk in a park performed better on a task than those who walked downtown or viewed urban scenes.
Researchers at UGA will develop and evaluate strategies to reduce morbidity from schistosomiasis in low- and middle-income countries. The project aims to identify, control, and eliminate the disease where feasible.
Researchers link polygamy and paternal care in modern birds to their dinosaur ancestors. Studies found that male dinosaurs in nests had large egg clutches, suggesting multiple females contributed eggs and the males guarded them.
David S. Adams, WPI professor of biology and biotechnology, has been named a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) for his work on Alzheimer's disease in a mouse model. He has also investigated neuroprotective peptides with therapeutic applications for stroke and heart attacks.
Scientists discover hydrogen gas being stripped from Venus' day-side, indicating water is being broken up in the atmosphere. The loss of hydrogen and oxygen suggests that water on Venus was once abundant but has since been depleted.
The University of California-Irvine has set a new record for the largest class of researchers named Fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science with 20 new honorees. The AAAS fellows represent the depth and breadth of research excellence at UCI.
The Singapore research team at I2R won first place in the BCI Competition IV with their non-invasive EEG-based technology. The technology enables physically handicapped individuals to communicate through thoughts, improving their quality of life.
Leukemia takes over bone marrow niches, crowding out healthy stem cells. Blocking cancer cell chemical signals could help protect stem cells and improve treatment strategies. Researchers develop approach to blunt leukemia's effect on stem cells, potentially boosting immune system response.
A study from the Norwegian Institute of Public Health found no significant link between human parechovirus infections and typical symptoms in infants. However, researchers noticed an increase in parechovirus infection between 6-18 months, which could be due to factors such as maternal antibody loss or nursery exposure.
Researchers successfully reprogrammed cells from patients with difficult-to-study diseases, creating 'stem-cell-like' cells that can be induced to assume new identities. This innovation holds promise for understanding disease development and potentially treating conditions like Parkinson's disease and type 1 diabetes.
Researchers have developed a method to create novel types of stem cells, offering opportunities for expanding research and drug discovery. The technique enables the creation of rat and human pluripotent stem cells with characteristics similar to mouse embryonic stem cells.
A new technology has been developed to identify pregnant women at risk of developing preeclampsia, a leading cause of maternal and neonatal deaths worldwide. The technology employs a panel of biomarkers found in the placenta and could lead to earlier detection and targeted intervention.
A recent clinical trial sponsored by NIH found that alfuzosin, a commonly prescribed drug for chronic prostatitis, did not significantly reduce symptoms in newly diagnosed men. The study showed no significant differences between the treatment and placebo groups in terms of symptom improvement.
Dr. James M. Hill has been awarded the distinction of American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Fellow for his contributions to understanding viral and bacterial keratitis. He is being honored for developing excellent animal models and unique drug delivery systems, as well as identifying a specific human gene as a risk...
Canada-U.S. biophysicists develop a novel method to detect movement of single proteins controlling ion exchange between cells and environment. The new technique allows scientists to measure one single ion channel at a time and investigate how different parts inside the ion channels communicate.
Researchers found that testing two inflammation biomarkers, Lp-PLA2 and hs-CRP, improved the prediction of ischemic stroke in patients. Adding both biomarkers to traditional risk factors provided the most accurate picture of stroke risk.
A study found that individuals diagnosed with panic attacks or disorder have a significantly increased risk of developing coronary heart disease and suffering a heart attack, particularly among those under 50 years old. However, the research also showed that people with panic disorders face a reduced risk of dying from heart conditions.
Researchers found that when we see an object, multiple motor programs are involuntarily activated, competing for control. The brain uses a common mechanism to filter out irrelevant information, allowing us to execute precise movements.
A CSU team report highlights the potential of science faculty specializing in education to improve science teaching. The study found that 47% of 'science faculty with education specialties' (SFES) transitioned into the role from traditional positions, while 53% were hired specifically for the SFES role.
The Nonhydrostatic ICosahedral Atmospheric Model (NICAM) successfully simulated the lifecycles of two real tropical cyclones. The model's realistic representation of clouds and atmospheric conditions allowed it to reproduce the birth, path, and evolution of the observed cyclones.
Researchers at Harvard University developed a highly sensitive microscopy technique based on stimulated Raman scattering, allowing for real-time tracking of metabolites and drugs in living cells. This technology has the potential to revolutionize metabolic studies of omega-3 fatty acids and understand their processing in the human body.
Wake Forest University chemistry professors Mark Welker and Dilip Kondepudi were elected as 2008 AAAS Fellows for their significant contributions to the fields of non-equilibrium chemistry and organometallic chemistry. The recognition highlights their scientifically distinguished efforts to advance science.