A study published in Dermatologic Surgery found that chemical peels using alpha-hydroxy acid or beta-hydroxy acid are highly effective in reducing facial acne lesions. Both types of treatments yielded similar results, with BHA having slightly fewer side effects and longer-lasting results.
A new blood test developed by NIH scientists can diagnose Menkes disease in infants as early as birth, allowing for timely treatment that extends their survival. The test detects abnormal levels of catecholamines, a copper-dependent enzyme, which are present in the condition.
Australian researchers have discovered ancient crayfish fossils, providing evidence that the crustaceans existed on the continent as far back as the Mesozoic Era. The finds offer insights into the ecology of southern Australia during this period, which saw diverse plants and dinosaurs in prolonged polar darkness.
Researchers at Burnham Institute have identified Activating Transcription Factor 2 (ATF2) as a tumor suppressor in skin cancer development. ATF2 regulates gene transcription in response to extracellular stresses, leading to faster and more frequent tumor formation when its activity is reduced.
Researchers found that STAT3 has tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressing effects depending on the genetic profile of glioblastoma tumors. This discovery highlights the need for effective therapies tailored to individual glioblastoma tumors.
A recent study found that routine intake of dairy products can lower the instance of gum disease. The American Academy of Periodontology suggests that consuming dairy products like milk, cheese, and yogurt may help achieve a healthy lifestyle, including a healthy mouth.
Researchers are exploring whether electronic personal health records enhance patient involvement in managing their hypertension. A year-long study of 720 patients will compare outcomes for those using the new system with standard treatment.
Researchers at UCL and the London Centre for Nanotechnology will investigate nanostructured carbon-based materials for hydrogen storage and develop large-surface organic solar cells. The refurbished laboratory aims to improve energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions.
Researchers at the University of Arizona have created updatable three-dimensional holographic displays that can be erased and rewritten in a matter of minutes. These devices have potential applications in medicine, industry, and military fields, such as tracking progress during surgeries or showing hazards to pilots.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital are conducting a phase III clinical trial to determine the effectiveness of gene therapy in combination with radiation therapy for patients with intermediate risk prostate cancer. The trial aims to improve patient outcomes by delaying hormone therapy, which can have severe side effects.
Researchers found that over one-third of tropical soil samples can generate severe limitations for landmine detection using metal detectors. The study provides a classification scheme for predicting detector performance and highlights the importance of considering soil development in de-mining missions.
Experiments with rats reveal that severing connections between striatal regions decreases compulsive cocaine seeking behavior, highlighting the key role of the striatum in addiction. The findings suggest a complex neural mechanism underlying drug addiction development.
Researchers discover hereditary hemochromatosis is a liver disease caused by a genetic defect in the liver that leads to increased iron absorption. The study reveals that the liver cells make an iron hormone called hepcidin to regulate iron uptake, but a mutated HFE gene reduces its production, leading to iron overload.
New research reveals that button mushrooms have equivalent anti-oxidant properties to pricey maitake and matsutake mushrooms. The study found that the body of the mushroom has a higher concentration of anti-oxidants than the stalk.
The US donor organ allocation system, MELD score, and its impact on liver transplant outcomes are discussed. Early referral for liver transplant evaluation is found to offer advantages unrelated to waiting time, including early detection and treatment of liver cancer.
A study found that high-functioning individuals with autism have impaired 'self' responses in the brain, affecting their ability to understand themselves and others. This discovery could lead to new diagnostic tools and a better understanding of social cognition in autism.
Research found teenage fathers more likely to have babies with birth problems such as pre-term delivery, low birth weight, and death. In contrast, older fathers aged 40+ were not at increased risk, according to the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology study.
A new study has found that a gene called STAT3 can behave differently depending on genetic nuances between individuals, playing a tumor suppressor role in some glioblastoma cases. The discovery has laid the foundation for personalized medicine approaches to treat this devastating brain cancer.
A new technique for treating patients with myocardial infarction uses a thrombectomy procedure to remove blockages and improve blood flow. This approach has shown promise in reducing the risk of further obstructions and improving clinical outcomes.
A study by UC Irvine ecologists finds that excess nitrogen in tropical forests increases plant growth by an average of 20 percent. This boost in plant growth suggests the tropics will take in more carbon dioxide than previously thought.
A team of researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine has identified an important molecular mechanism guiding nerve-cell electrical channels. The discovery suggests that RNA-associated introns play a critical role in regulating gene expression and controlling the number of channel proteins produced.
Researchers used computational modeling to demonstrate how manganese oxide changes from an insulator to a conductor under high pressure. The study sheds light on the behavior of similar minerals deep in the Earth's crust and mantle.
A vitamin A and zinc supplement reduced malaria incidence by 34% in young children, according to a randomized double-blind trial. The supplementation also increased time to onset of malarial symptoms and reduced episode frequency.
The Wellcome Trust plans to increase its spending from £2.5 billion to almost £4 billion over the next five years, supporting biomedical research and its impact on health and wellbeing. The charity will invest in large-scale projects globally, including major initiatives in neuroscience and mental health.
A daily dose of beetroot juice can significantly reduce blood pressure, according to a study published in the American Heart Association journal Hypertension. The research reveals that dietary nitrate, found in beetroot juice, leads to decreased blood pressure by converting into nitrite and then nitric oxide.
Assistant Professor Jeremy J. Michalek of Carnegie Mellon University has been awarded the National Science Foundation's Faculty Early Career Development Award for his research on public policy and its impact on vehicle efficiency.
A team of scientists has obtained core samples from a subsea fault system off the coast of Japan, providing new data on how earthquakes are generated. The cores contain over 5,000 samples that will help researchers understand the evolution of the subduction zone and its relationship to earthquake and tsunami activity.
Researchers identify distinct biochemical profile in patients with bipolar disorder, suggesting a balance of neurotransmitters is disrupted. The study's findings may lead to the development of more effective treatments using mood-stabilizing drugs like lithium and valproic acid.
A new international study identifies vulnerable areas at risk for abrupt climate change, including the Arctic sea ice and Greenland ice sheet. The researchers warn that these 'tipping elements' may be pushed over a threshold to a radically different climate state, with catastrophic consequences.
A study suggests that endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and its combination with endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EBUS-FNA) can accurately determine lung cancer stage. These minimally invasive methods show high sensitivity rates, potentially replacing traditional surgical procedures.
Researchers have developed two nanotech-driven tools using soft lithography to study brain-behavior connections and screen new pharmaceuticals for parasitic infections in humans. The devices provide a near-natural environment for nematode movement, enabling the monitoring of individual fluorescent-injected neurons in real-time.
A study by Penn State researchers found that consuming whole grains can lead to significant weight loss and reduced risk of chronic diseases. The study showed that the whole grain group experienced a lower body weight, lower blood pressure, and increased intake of fiber and magnesium compared to the refined grain group.
Dr. Constable will create an ecosystem-based management plan to safeguard baleen whales and other marine life in the Southern Ocean's rapidly-growing krill fisheries. His project aims to promote environmentally sustainable growth of the industry and address concerns over climate change and overfishing.
Researchers at Boston University found that increasing type II muscle mass reduces body fat and improves metabolic parameters in genetically engineered mice. This study suggests that strength training may be beneficial for overweight individuals and could lead to new treatments for obesity and diabetes.
A recent study found that patients who stop taking clopidogrel after a heart attack are at higher risk of a heart attack or death in the first 90 days. The risk is nearly twice as high during this period compared to later periods, suggesting a possible 'rebound effect' on thrombotic events.
Scientists propose using chemical compounds to 'chaperone' mutant protein molecules, improving their folding and function. This approach may also be applicable to cystic fibrosis, a lung and digestive system disorder.
A unique DNA gene, matK, has been identified as a potential 'barcode' for plants, allowing for easy identification and cataloging of different species. This discovery could lead to new methods for identifying plant ingredients in traditional medicines and monitoring endangered species.
A new study by Yale School of Medicine researchers found that older women are more prone to depression and less likely to die from it compared to older men. The study, which evaluated 754 individuals aged 70+, found that women were more likely to experience symptoms of depression and remain depressed over time.
Research explores the growing impact of homelessness on families, particularly children and youth, highlighting the need for adequate and affordable shelter. The issue examines the consequences of homelessness on young people's lives, underscoring the urgency of addressing this critical issue.
Dr. Sumaila will create comprehensive databases on the cost and ecological impact of commercial fishing globally, providing evidence for smarter policymaking concerning fisheries management worldwide. He aims to gather extensive information on social and economic drivers of overfishing and its impact on marine conservation.
Regular marijuana use in young adulthood is associated with a higher risk of developing periodontal disease, according to the study. Cannabis exposure groups showed significant increases in periodontal attachment loss and new attachment loss compared to non-users.
A new study published in PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases found that social marginalization is a stronger predictor of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) incidence than deforestation. The research showed that socially marginalized human populations are more vulnerable to infection, even in highly deforested counties.
A recent study has found that heavy marijuana use is associated with an increased risk of developing periodontal disease. The study, which tracked over 900 individuals, found that frequent cannabis use since age 18 was linked to more than one-third of new cases of gum disease between ages 26 and 32.
Uppsala University scientists have developed a method to analyze genetic regulation and identified genes that govern fat levels and energy conversion. This breakthrough provides new understanding of the causes of disturbed metabolism, including familial combined hyperlipidemia.
A nationwide survey of children's health shows significant disparities in healthcare for minority kids, including unequal access to medical services, higher rates of asthma, hearing and vision problems, diabetes, and dental care. These disparities may have long-term effects on the health of these populations.
Researchers have identified a novel small molecule therapy called senicapoc that shows efficacy in maintaining hydration of red blood cells and increasing hemoglobin levels in patients with sickle cell anemia. Senicapoc, a Gardos channel blocker, works by limiting solute and water loss, thereby preserving RBC hydration.
Dr. Rochet will compare the impact of selective and non-selective fishing on marine ecosystems, aiming to pinpoint the least harmful method to reduce wasteful bycatch and promote ecosystem conservation.
The new plan aims to reduce, refine and replace animal use in research and regulatory testing through partnerships with industry and stakeholders. It emphasizes the development of predictive systems using new technologies to minimize animal use.
A comprehensive survey of 51,000 chickens found that intensive rearing methods lead to leg health problems, affecting over 27.6% of birds at 40 days old. The study highlights the need for alternative management practices to reduce growth rates and improve welfare.
A study by Rush University Medical Center found that half of patients receiving cerebrovascular stents did not adequately respond to clopidogrel. The researchers identified a significant association between older age and diabetes with platelet activity, suggesting these patients may require alternative approaches.
Researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham found that PTC124 restored normal function in up to 29 percent of abnormal cystic-fibrosis protein cases. The drug works by rescuing faulty proteins that lead to illnesses, including cystic fibrosis and over 2,400 genetic diseases.
Dr. Andrew Baker's work focuses on developing techniques to enhance thermal tolerance of corals and help them survive bleaching events. He plans to boost the natural abundance of heat-tolerant algae inside reef corals.
Researchers understand that a smooth decrease in stress at the end of a primary fault reduces the likelihood of an earthquake jumping to another fault. This study highlights the importance of slip gradient and rupture front acceleration in determining fault jump probability.
Researchers found that obese rats have abnormalities in brain regions critical for appetite control, including reduced responsiveness to the hunger-suppressing hormone leptin. This suggests that obesity may be wired into the brain from early life, making it challenging to reverse with exercise and diet alone.
The team used four telescopes to capture the length and breadth of Mercury's tail, which can extend up to 1.5 million miles from the planet. This new record sets a new domain for understanding Mercury's influence within the Solar System.
Fan Meng, a visionary leader from China, has been awarded the Pew Fellowship in Marine Conservation to expand and improve a marine protected area network in southeast China. The fellowship will help safeguard coastal areas from industrial pollution and unsustainable fishing.
Research by the University of Exeter and Queen's University Belfast shows that providing extra food to garden birds in winter makes for a more successful breeding season in the spring. Birds that receive extra food, such as peanuts, lay eggs earlier and produce more fledglings.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic have developed a new technique using two small flexible tubes to stage lung cancer, achieving a 93% accuracy rate in finding malignant lymph nodes. This method is less invasive and more precise than traditional surgical methods, allowing patients to recover the same day.
A study by Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine found that chronic pain disrupts the equilibrium of the brain's regions, leading to permanent damage. This constant firing of neurons can alter connections and even cause death.
A Stanford study found that specially programmed PDAs can prod middle-aged and older Americans into increasing their physical activity levels by approximately five hours each week. The devices provided reminders and feedback to help participants set goals and track progress, leading to a significant increase in exercise frequency.