A study found that individuals with a low response to alcohol are at a higher risk for developing alcohol-use disorders across adulthood. The research, published in Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research, suggests that this unique risk factor is not solely related to other factors such as family history or age of onset.
A study by Brown University researchers found that ER physicians do not follow established clinical guidelines for diagnosing suspected pulmonary emboli. According to the study, many patients receive CT scans despite having low clinical suspicion of PE, resulting in unnecessary radiation exposure.
A study examining COX2 and UGT1A6 genetic polymorphisms in colon cancer risk found no significant association. The protective effect of NSAIDs on colon cancer risk was not modified by these genetic variations.
Scientists have directly elucidated the emergence of mechanosensitivity in mice, finding it arises during specific developmental phases with the growth of neuronal pathways. The study suggests a genetic program drives this process, which is distinct from pain sensitivity development.
A recent study published in the Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research found that Canadian men are reluctant to seek mental health services, with avoidance rates ranging from 20-70%. The primary cause cited is prejudice, which affects how men perceive their symptoms and social roles, leading to a reluctance to utilize services.
The National Institute of Mental Health is using Recovery Act funds to evaluate the effectiveness of a new training program for telephone crisis counselors. The training, which began in 2008, aims to assess the benefits of the training and shape telephone-based suicide prevention services across the country.
Researchers discovered a novel compound, ADFMChR, with potent anti-tumor activity against human liver carcinoma cells. The compound induces apoptosis and modulates key proteins, providing new insights into its potential as a cancer-preventive agent.
A study found that pregnant women with low vitamin D levels were three times more likely to develop bacterial vaginosis than white women. Vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the production and function of antimicrobial molecules, which can help prevent bacterial infections.
A novel marker of TSPAN1 has been identified as a significant prognostic indicator for patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma. The protein's expression was found to correlate with histological grade, cell proliferation, lymph nodal metastasis, and TNM staging, leading to a shorter survival period in those with overexpression.
The concentration of Hedgehog determines whether the right hand thumb grows on the left hand side, a mechanism controlled by different concentrations of the molecule. The study found that cells use various molecular mechanisms to interpret different Hedgehog concentrations.
The study found that estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations, particularly eGFR5 and eGFR3, are reliable preoperative renal function tests for patients undergoing hepatectomy. These equations were compared to creatinine clearance (Ccr), with significant differences in postoperative serum creatinine levels
Researchers at McGill University have identified a principal cause of Alzheimer's disease as the addition of a single phosphate to an amino acid in a key brain protein, tau. This breakthrough could lead to earlier diagnosis and potentially block the onset of the disease.
Two studies in the American Journal of Pathology demonstrate stromal caveolin-1 as a prognostic marker for breast cancer progression, correlating with reduced metastasis levels. Additionally, researchers have identified novel biomarkers for chronic kidney disease progression, predicting progressive renal fibrosis and glomerular filtrat...
Recent research on H5N1 avian influenza virus reveals its mechanisms, epidemiology, and transmission dynamics. Understanding the host-virus interaction is crucial for developing effective control measures.
Researchers found that connecting habitat patches with corridors increases plant biodiversity in protected areas and surrounding non-target habitats. This spillover effect can elevate biodiversity by up to 160%.
Despite growing demand for democracy, only 47% of Africans believe they have a democratic government, and 46% are satisfied with its functioning. The survey found that demand for democracy varies widely among countries, from 18% in Burkina Faso to 71% in Zambia.
Researchers at the Bioinformatics Institute in Singapore have created a 3D structural model of the neuraminidase protein, which is critical to the H1N1 influenza A virus. This breakthrough analysis revealed extensive surface mutations compared to closely related strains, making previous flu vaccinations less effective. The study also f...
Reorganizational Healing (ROH) is a new concept for wellness, healing, and personal growth that focuses on self-assessment and harnessing the body's innate ability to reorganize. By understanding the relationship between lifestyle choices and disease symptoms, individuals can achieve healthier, more fulfilling lives.
A team of researchers from the University of Minnesota synthesized emerging work on phylogenetics to understand species interactions and biodiversity. The study provides a comprehensive overview of forces driving community organization and the role evolution plays in assembly of these communities.
A Mayo Clinic study reveals a history of child abuse significantly impacts the challenges faced by depressed inpatients, including increased suicide attempts and psychiatric hospitalizations. The research highlights the importance of aggressive approaches to prevent child abuse and stresses the need for more public health initiatives.
Research published in The Lancet found that diabetics who maintain intensive, low blood sugar levels are significantly less likely to suffer heart attacks and coronary heart disease. This is due to a 17% reduction in heart attacks and a 15% reduction in coronary heart disease.
Scientists have identified genetic mutations on chromosome 17q24.2-q24.3 as responsible for Congenital Generalized Hypertrichosis Terminalis (CGHT), a rare condition characterized by excessive hair growth and facial distortion. The discovery provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying this condition.
Researchers developed a system to extract subjective expressions from web pages, scoring them for subjectivity and indicating whether they express personal opinions or marketing speak. The method outperformed general search engines in detecting personal opinion pages across four categories.
Researchers discover 'happyhour' gene linked to alcohol sensitivity in flies and mice, suggesting cancer drugs like erlotinib could help treat alcoholism. Flies with mutant happyhour gene become resistant to alcohol's sedative effects, while rats treated with erlotinib consume less alcohol.
The Canadian Institutes of Health Research is launching a large-scale study to understand common health problems affecting seniors. The two-decade long study will follow 50,000 Canadians and explore biological, medical, psychological, social, and economic factors that impact their health over time.
A new web-based program developed by University of Missouri researchers produces multiple alternative terrace layouts in a fraction of the time required for manual planning. The system considers factors such as water flow, land perimeter, and soil conservation techniques to create efficient and cost-effective designs.
Researchers at NIST developed formulas to help law enforcement officers accurately calibrate down-the-road radar devices and ballistic chronographs. The new tools provide more precise speed measurements, improving the effectiveness of crime-fighting technologies.
Coadministration of Prilosec OTC 40 mg did not alter maximum plasma concentration or area under curve for active medication in both VYVANSE and ADDERALL XR. The study also found a significant reduction in time to reach maximum plasma concentrations of amphetamine with coadministration of Prilosec OTC 40 mg.
Physicists at Kansas State University have developed a model to compute the energy and timing of electrons emitted from metals using ultra-short laser pulses. This breakthrough enables researchers to study chemical reactions and understand the basics of chemistry, biology, and life.
A new study shows that overnight dialysis is a viable alternative for patients with irreversible kidney disease, offering improved health outcomes and reduced healthcare burden. The long-term results of this therapy were found to be well-tolerated by most patients, with lower rates of anemia and reduced levels of urea in their blood.
The NOAA report offers a comprehensive look at the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands' marine life, revealing relatively pristine ecosystems with dominant top predators. This knowledge will aid in managing resources and researching natural coral reef ecosystems.
Researchers observe transformation of an ordinary, slow-rotating pulsar into a superfast millisecond pulsar with an almost infinitely extended lifespan. The discovery provides direct evidence for the process of cosmic recycling, where matter from a companion star falls into a pulsar's gravity well, increasing its rotation speed.
A recent study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that elderly women with hyperkyphosis, or 'dowager's hump,' are at a higher risk for premature death. The study, which analyzed data from over 610 women, suggests that the increased spinal curvature itself may be predictive of adverse health outcomes.
An experimental vaccine delivered through the skin appears to protect against certain types of ear infections. The study, conducted by researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital, found that transcutaneous immunization effectively prevents experimental ear infections caused by NTHi bacteria.
Deakin health expert Professor Boyd Swinburn argues that research funding should focus on testing potential solutions rather than understanding the causes of weight gain. He suggests 'rule-based' approaches, such as dietary rules or policies, may be more effective in preventing obesity and promoting sustainable environmental changes.
In diverse habitats, species in variable climates sing more complex tunes, indicating environmental adaptability. This connection reveals that birds may use song complexity as a display of learning ability and intelligence.
A University of Georgia study found that a lower legal drinking age is associated with an increased risk of unplanned pregnancies and pre-term births. The study suggests that when it's easier for young people to get alcohol, birth outcomes are worse.
A recent study published in Diabetes Care found that nearly 87 percent of obese individuals with type 2 diabetes were undiagnosed with sleep apnea, despite reporting symptoms. This association is alarming as untreated sleep apnea can increase the risk of heart disease and stroke.
A study published in The Journal of Pediatrics found that telemedicine improves diabetes care for school children with better blood sugar control and reduced hospital visits. School nurses who used the program reported improved patient outcomes, including increased patient satisfaction and completed tasks related to their diabetes care.
A new Harvard study found that drinking from polycarbonate bottles increased urinary BPA levels by 69%, suggesting that these containers release the chemical into liquid consumed in sufficient amounts. The study suggests that heating liquids in polycarbonate bottles may further increase BPA leaching.
Global Crop Diversity Trust awards grants to explore millions of seed samples worldwide in search of drought, heat tolerance and other critical traits. The effort aims to support farmers in developing countries by increasing crop production amidst climate change.
Researchers discuss a combined approach to maximize the benefits of stem cell therapy while minimizing risks. Gene therapy has the potential to solve the problem of wayward stem cells wreaking havoc after transplantation by genetically modifying them prior to use.
Researchers demonstrate that Affymetrix Gene platform can analyze differential splicing activity, comparable to Exon arrays, providing added value to existing data. The new statistical method, FIRMAGene, uses adjacent poorly fitting probes to calculate differential expression.
A Mayo Clinic study reveals that patients with bipolar disorder incur significantly higher specialty care costs compared to those with diabetes, depression, asthma, or coronary artery disease. Specialty care costs were especially high for bipolar patients, suggesting non-mental health provider-related expenses contribute to the disparity.
Researchers found that birds in more unpredictable climates have more impressive singing skills, likely as a way to attract mates. The study suggests that this phenomenon may be an evolutionary adaptation for traits like language and music.
Two Agios founders have authored a Science review on cancer metabolism, summarizing the current state of the field and suggesting new targets for therapy. The review highlights key advancements in understanding how cancer cells adapt to use more nutrients than normal cells.
Researchers found that cells use controlled dissolution and condensation to localize subcellular structures called P granules. These liquid droplets transition between dissolved and condensed states, eventually forming germ cells in newly fertilized embryos.
Researchers found evidence that widely accepted model explaining errors caused by electronic 'noise' in transistors is incorrect. The discovery has significant implications for developing efficient, low-power devices such as cell phones and pacemakers.
Researchers are using a novel 'cloud tomography' approach to reconstruct three-dimensional cloud structure. The team will use a network of sensors to probe clouds' thermal emission and measure other characteristics, providing insights into the role of clouds in regulating Earth's radiation energy budget.
Researchers found that Inuit infants are four times more likely to be admitted for LRTI than mixed or non-Inuit infants, with risk factors including smoking during pregnancy, overcrowded living conditions, and not being breastfed. Immunizing rural Inuit infants with the Palivisumab vaccine could save up to $8,000 per admission avoided.
Researchers at Buck Institute find HIF-1 protein plays key role in pathway extending lifespan by dietary restriction. Under-expressing HIF-1 leads to increased lifespan even with nutrient-rich diet.
Scientists have identified a new species of yeast, Candida carvajalis sp. nov, with potential applications in sustainable biofuel production and the food industry. The discovery was made in the Amazon jungle and highlights the importance of preserving biodiversity.
A new study published in Journal of General Internal Medicine found that few women with family histories of hereditary breast or ovarian cancer are discussing genetic testing with their physicians. Most high-risk women are unaware of the available test or have not discussed it with their clinician.
Astronomers have discovered a unique double-star system that represents a 'missing link' stage in the birth process of millisecond pulsars. The system, J1023, shows evidence for an accretion disk surrounding the neutron star before it disappeared and the pulsar emerged.
Pneumonia caused by community-acquired MRSA is a growing concern, with many cases occurring after influenza-like illnesses. The infection can lead to severe complications, including septic shock and high mortality rates.
Research suggests different invasive breast cancer subtypes have distinct etiologic pathways and prognoses. Patients with specific subtypes exhibit varying demographics, lifestyle traits, and risk factors, highlighting the need for refined tumor subtyping to elucidate development patterns.
Researchers have identified a gene that controls abnormal sugar production in the liver, a major problem for people with diabetes. The study found that ARNT is decreased in both insulin-producing cells and liver cells of people with Type 2 diabetes.
A recent study found that women who develop gestational diabetes during pregnancy are seven-and-a-half times more likely to develop type 2 diabetes post-birth. This increased risk remains for several years, emphasizing the need for continued monitoring and intervention. Early identification and treatment of related factors, such as lip...
Researchers at Scripps Institution of Oceanography describe a direct comparison between sperm whale clicking sounds and its physical features, including size and internal organ structure. The study provides a glimpse into a possible new approach for investigating the biology behind marine mammal sounds.
Researchers at Cancer Research UK have developed a way to regulate viral activity in cancer cells while minimizing its impact on healthy tissues. By introducing microRNA molecules, they can 'turn off' the virus in vulnerable areas, making it a promising approach for improved cancer treatments and vaccines.