Researchers found that culturally learned behaviors are a better explanation for altruism than genetics. Altruism was more common in neighboring social groups with similar cultural practices, suggesting a gene-culture coevolution of prosocial propensities. This challenges traditional views on the role of nature versus nurture in shapin...
Researchers are studying naturally occurring cancers in dogs to inform the development of new cancer drugs, devices, and imaging strategies for human cancer patients. The study aims to improve care for human patients by leveraging insights gained from canine cancer biology.
Researchers have identified a genetic factor that increases the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with congenital long-QT syndrome. Variants of the gene NOS1AP were found to predispose individuals to a worse form of the disease, leading to longer QT intervals and increased symptoms.
A study of critically ill patients with 2009 H1N1 found a high fatality rate of 40% due to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome and shock. Young patients were disproportionately affected, highlighting the importance of early recognition and treatment.
Researchers confirm association between higher blood urate levels and slower disease progression in Parkinson's patients. The study suggests that elevated urate levels may have a protective influence on brain cells, but the exact mechanism is unclear.
Higher urate levels in patients with early Parkinson's disease are associated with slower clinical decline. The study found that elevated urate levels in the cerebrospinal fluid were inversely related to disease progression.
A study published in JAMA found that critically ill patients with H1N1 were predominantly young adults with severely low oxygen levels, multi-system organ failure, and frequent need for mechanical ventilation. Most patients could be supported through critical illness with therapy.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded Kaiser Permanente over $54 million to conduct health research in various critical areas. The grants will utilize Kaiser Permanente's vast electronic health record database, doubling the number of individuals available for genome-wide association studies.
Researchers at Oregon State University and institutions have developed a new plasmonic nanorod metamaterial for medical, biological and chemical sensors. The device is up to 10 times more sensitive than existing technology and can detect various substances with high precision.
The world is expected to miss its target to stem biodiversity loss by 2010, with freshwater ecosystems collapsing due to massive mismanagement and growing human needs for water. This has led to an immense crisis in freshwater biodiversity, with species extinction rates four to six times higher than their terrestrial and marine cousins.
A genetic study has identified a significant link between the TMPRSS6 gene and hemoglobin regulation, with potential implications for treating chronic hemoglobin problems. The research found a strong association between the gene and hemoglobin levels in 16,000 people of European and Indian Asian ancestry.
Researchers have developed a new model that explains the formation of banded iron formations, offering insights into the early ocean floor's composition and geochemical conditions. The study suggests that interactions between rocks, water, and air played a crucial role in creating these iconic formations.
A wireless network of radio transmitters can track people moving behind solid walls, according to a new study. The system uses radio tomographic imaging (RTI) and has the potential to help law enforcement, rescue operations, and retail marketing.
The new centre will investigate mechanisms of pain in arthritis, develop new treatments, and target individual patients. Researchers will use a multi-disciplinary approach to gain a better understanding of how people experience pain.
A Sydney study finds that stranger homicides by people with schizophrenia are extremely rare and unpredictable events. The research suggests that providing earlier treatment for schizophrenia can prevent such tragic events.
A genome-wide association study identified 22 regions of the human genome associated with eight blood measurements, including haemoglobin concentration and platelet counts. These genetic variants are linked to increased risk of heart disease, coeliac disease, and type 1 diabetes in European populations.
Common human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in northern India are primarily HP-16 and HP-18. These types cause 75 percent of cervical cancers in the region, according to researchers.
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory scientists uncover a large cache of genes that act as built-in barriers against cancer, including over 10 new tumor suppressor genes. The study reveals that even partial loss of function in these genes can accelerate tumor growth.
Researchers at Duke University have successfully grown a three-dimensional 'patch' of heart muscle cells using embryonic stem cells and a novel mold design. The patch exhibited the ability to contract and conduct electrical impulses, crucial attributes of native heart muscle cells.
A recent study by researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and IT University in Copenhagen found that 94% of respondents violate computer authentication best practices, with novice users being more likely to do so. The study emphasizes the need for a better balance between human limitations and security measures.
Eric Boerwinkle has received a $26 million federal stimulus grant to identify genetic factors affecting heart, lung and blood diseases. The project will analyze the DNA of approximately 40,000 individuals to pinpoint genetic variants affecting disease risk, aiding in disease detection and treatment selection.
A new study finds that women with a deleterious BRCA gene mutation are diagnosed with breast cancer six years earlier than their relatives who also had the disease and/or ovarian cancer. The findings could impact how women at highest risk for breast cancer are counseled and screened in the future.
A new study reveals that Africa's big cats, including leopards, tend to avoid croplands and favor specific habitats. This research provides valuable insights into the spatial distribution of carnivores in Tanzania, shedding light on the impact of habitat conversion and climate change.
A new study by University of Southampton researchers found that sea levels have been rising across the south coast of England, substantially increasing the risk of flooding during storms. The team's data set covers over 150 years of historic sea level change, revealing a steady rise of 1.2-2.2 mm per year.
The hospital received a total of 69 grants across multiple departments, focusing on cancer research, cardiovascular diseases, and sleep apnea management. BIDMC scientists will investigate innovative methods to heal broken bones, develop new cancer therapies, and improve sleep health.
The University of Adelaide's Professor Konrad Jamrozik has spent 30 years campaigning against smoking and helping smokers quit. He has contributed significantly to tobacco control through his research, clinical trials, and advocacy.
Researchers found that common herbicides and lipid-lowering drugs inhibit the T1R3 receptor in human tissues, affecting glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism. The study's findings highlight the importance of testing chemicals on human tissues to understand potential health effects.
A new technique called Hyper-SAGE amplifies MRI signals by up to 10,000 times, allowing for the detection of low concentrations of cancers and other clinical targets. This breakthrough enhances the sensitivity of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) technology.
The Translational Genomics Research Institute has been awarded $691,930 to develop brain tumor research using in silico simulations. The project will utilize comprehensive genomic data involving 40 brain tumor models and 20 proven types of targeted therapies.
Researchers at the University of York have identified an enzyme called XplA that can break down royal demolition explosive (RDX) in the soil. The discovery provides significant insights into biological function and could lead to more efficient cleanup methods for RDX pollution.
Researchers at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München have detailed the process of RNA polymerase II initiating gene transcription. The complex recognizes signals in the DNA sequence and uses TFIIB to bind to the TATA box, producing a sharp kink in the DNA.
A large study found that individuals following a Mediterranean diet, rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, were less likely to develop depression. The diet's high intake of monounsaturated fatty acids from olive oil may be protective against depressive symptoms.
A UCLA-led study confirms Pallas, the second-largest asteroid, is a protoplanet due to its unique shape and color variation. The research reveals a dynamic surface with areas of dark and light, indicating internal changes, similar to those found on planets.
The National Institutes of Health is launching a clinical trial to find the ideal dose of the 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine for individuals with severe asthma. The study aims to assess the immune response and safety of two different doses of the vaccine in participants with mild, moderate, or severe asthma.
Researchers have found that a standard treatment protocol can improve survival rates nearly two-fold for pediatric patients with choroid plexus tumors. The study suggests that chemotherapy and radiation can be effective in reducing mortality rates, contradicting previous research on surgical resection.
A Michigan State University researcher found that providing small classes for at least several consecutive grades starting in early elementary school improves test scores and narrows the achievement gap with high-achievers. Low-achieving students benefited the most from small classes, likely due to increased attention from teachers.
A study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found that patients who received refurbished pacemakers donated from Detroit area funeral homes survived without complications. The pacemakers functioned normally at six months, with no device complications reported.
A study of over 2,000 women with stage II and III breast cancer found that achieving pathological complete response after treatment was not related to race. Despite racial disparities in breast cancer incidence and mortality rates, Hispanic women had better outcomes than white women.
A recent study published in Molecular Cell reveals that the KEAP1 tumor suppressor binds to and degrades the cancer-promoting protein IKKß, which is involved in several types of cancer. The research suggests that underexpression of KEAP1 is associated with poor survival rates among breast cancer patients.
Intracellular pathogens like Chlamydia and Legionella exploit host cell biology to escape destruction. Researchers found that SNARE-like proteins expressed by the bacteria inhibit membrane fusion with lysosomes, allowing them to remain in cells.
Researchers found no significant difference in visual outcomes between Bevacizumab and Ranibizumab treatments for age-related macular degeneration after 6 months. The study suggests that both drugs are effective, with Bevacizumab being a more affordable option.
A new study published in the Journal of American College of Surgeons found that establishing an acute care surgery service can provide more efficient emergency care. The service, staffed by critical care surgeons and surgical residents, reduced wait times for urgent procedures from 55.4% to 70% after implementation.
A new study found that elevated levels of Müllerian inhibiting substance in women may increase their risk for breast cancer. Researchers discovered an association between higher MIS serum concentrations and increased breast cancer risk in a population of participants.
Expedition 322 collected sedimentary and basement rock samples from the Shikoku Basin, shedding light on the generation of large earthquakes. The study of petrological, geotechnical, frictional, and hydrogeological properties of these rocks is crucial for understanding rupture dynamics in the seismogenic zone.
Researchers have identified a receptor on the tongue that is specifically activated by glutamate, a non-essential amino acid found in many foods. This discovery sheds new light on the umami taste and challenges existing perceptions of MSG's safety.
Therapeutic hypothermia, a medical treatment lowering body temperature to reduce tissue damage, will be published in an online open-access journal starting February 2010. The journal aims to advance understanding and application of this therapy in cardiology and neurotrauma.
Researchers have developed a reliable way for doctors to filter MEDLINE for relevant kidney patient information, improving treatment and outcomes. The new tool has high performance, exceeding 97% sensitivity and specificity, making it available for all healthcare professionals.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego, have developed a new high-throughput cellular array technology that can identify the biological components leading to or alleviating liver disease. By controlling the environment surrounding star-shaped liver cells, they found critical proteins regulating HSC activation.
The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) is conducting clinical trials to test the safety and efficacy of the 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine in HIV-infected pregnant women and children, youth. The trials aim to determine whether higher doses of the vaccine can elicit a protective immune response in these populations.
A new study found significant socioeconomic disparities in the use of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) for older women with nonmetastatic invasive breast cancer. BCS was more widely used in younger patients, areas with high education levels, and metropolitan regions.
Dr. Ashley, director of the Samuel Simmonds Memorial Hospital Dental Clinic, was recognized for her work to improve oral health through training programs and onsite dental care at local schools. Her efforts have transformed the oral health of an entire community, reducing tooth extractions among children.
A new species of mammal, Maotherium asiaticus, has been discovered in China, providing insight into the evolution of the mammalian middle ear. The fossil's ear structure shows a unique connection to the lower jaw, similar to embryonic mammals and pre-mammalian ancestors.
The human genome is organized into two separate compartments, with active genes separated from inactive DNA. The fractal globule architecture enables cells to pack DNA densely while avoiding knots, allowing for efficient gene expression and replication.
A UBC-led study finds that climate change will lead to major shifts in ocean fisheries productivity, affecting global food supply. Tropical regions are expected to see significant declines in catch potential, with Indonesia, US, Chile, and China among the hardest hit.
Researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital are leading teams to develop stem-cell-based models of cardiovascular and blood disorders. The NHLBI grants will support the development of regenerative therapies for heart failure and other disorders.
Researchers at Virginia Tech's Marion duPont Scott Equine Medical Center are studying the best ways to treat lameness in horses through tendon and ligament repair. Dr. Jennifer Barrett is investigating regenerative medicine techniques, including stem cell therapy, to regenerate damaged tendons and cartilage.
Researchers are using NASA's DC-8 plane, equipped with laser mapping instruments and other equipment, to study changes in Antarctica's sea ice, glaciers, and ice sheets. The data collected will help scientists better understand how these changes contribute to future sea level rise.
Satira Streeter, a D.C. psychologist, received the Community Health Leaders Award for delivering culturally relevant mental health services to Anacostia's economically challenged communities. She founded Ascensions Community Services to provide free comprehensive services to disadvantaged children and families.
Researchers at NC State University have received a $1.4 million grant to create an unprecedented cyber infrastructure for multi-agency collaboration in crime scene investigations (CSI). The platform, called IC-CRIME, will employ 3D laser scanning technologies and game engines to virtually reconstruct and preserve crime scenes.
Tropical Storm Henri has weakened to a depression due to battering winds and strong southwesterly shear. The National Hurricane Center confirmed the wind speed using NASA's QuikScat satellite imagery, with minimum central pressure near 1010 millibars.