Researchers found that macrophages focus reactive oxygen species (ROS) on targets outside the cytoplasm to kill bacteria. The study shows that superoxide dismutases in bacterial periplasm protect bacteria from ROS, suggesting a new mechanism for macrophage-bacteria interaction.
A study by Ottawa researchers found that an interactive voice response system can effectively monitor patients taking anticoagulants like warfarin, reducing the workload of clinical staff. The system improved patient outcomes and efficiency in managing anticoagulation therapy.
Researchers at Hebrew University found that administering morphine with a drug blocking interleukin-1 provides effective long-term pain relief without increasing dosages. This breakthrough could lead to better pain management with lower side effects.
A Florida State University researcher is exploring the effect of school-based screening on student fitness and parent behavior as part of a $2.2 million NIH grant. The study aims to track children's health changes and assess the impact of wellness programs on obesity rates in ethnic-minority students.
Researchers at Northwestern University have discovered a powerful relief for kids' chronic eczema using diluted beach baths. The study found that giving pediatric patients with moderate or severe eczema reduced signs of infection and improved the severity and extent of the eczema on their bodies.
A recent Finnish study found that short sleep duration increases risk for behavioral symptoms of ADHD, even without sleeping difficulties. The researchers tracked 280 healthy children and found a higher hyperactivity and impulsivity score with shorter sleep duration.
A new JGP study advances conclusions about the essential features of the Shaker K+ channel. Researchers propose that if three of four voltage sensors are in an activated conformation, the fourth can open and close the channel by itself.
Medication errors in the ICU account for 78% of serious medical errors. Implementing strategies such as computerizing orders, reconciling medications, and maintaining detailed medication lists can help prevent errors and improve patient safety.
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) will present several awards at a banquet recognizing significant contributions to parachute and balloon technology. Charles H. Lowry and Loren Seely are among the recipients of the Knacke and Winzen Lifetime Achievement Awards, respectively.
Scientists discover that quinoline compounds inhibit S100A9's pro-inflammatory effects on white blood cells involved in immune regulation. This new mechanism may provide insights into the early stages of autoimmune disease development.
Genetic screening for cystic fibrosis carrier mutations is universally recommended for the reproductive-age population. New reference materials have been developed to ensure accuracy in genetic testing, but some mutations may lead to false results due to large deletions or interference with laboratory methods.
Researchers developed a new statistical model simulating human mobility patterns, with potential uses including land use planning and public health studies of epidemic disease. The model, called SLAW, represents regular movement patterns using statistical data.
Astronomers have found evidence of planet destruction caused by a star's tides, with some planets falling into their parent stars. The research uses computer models and observations to show that the tidal forces can misshape the star's surface, leading to the planet's demise.
A new study by researchers from the University of Minnesota found that individuals with higher cognitive ability are more likely to make good economic decisions, including taking calculated risks and being cooperative. The study also found a positive correlation between cognitive skill and perseverance in job retention.
A new study published by the University of Leicester suggests that a six-month time lag may occur before effective vaccines can be manufactured during a pandemic flu outbreak. The study proposes a pre-pandemic vaccination approach to mitigate the worst effects of pandemic flu, which could potentially protect people years in advance.
Researchers at Autoimmunity Research Foundation discovered that hidden bacteria alter human genes and gene products, leading to autoantibody production. Antibacterial therapies targeting these microbes can reverse autoimmune disease processes.
Countries including US, Canada, Japan, and European Union agree on globally coordinated scientific recommendations for alternative toxicity testing methods. This will reduce the number of animals needed for product safety testing, improving animal welfare.
The UN University International Institute for Software Technology is launching a project to develop an electronic government strategy for Afghanistan. The project aims to build human and organizational capacity of the Ministry of Communication and IT and promote international best practices in electronic governance.
Professor Peretz Friedman is recognized for his work in aeroelasticity, while Raphael Haftka and C.T. Sun are honored for their groundbreaking design work and mentoring in structural mechanics.
Researchers discovered how a SUMO protein guides an enzyme complex to alter chromatin structure and regulate gene expression. The interaction between SUMO and the enzyme complex prevents aberrant gene expression, which is common in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
A literature review reveals that landfill cover soils oxidize more methane than previously recommended guidelines suggest. The overall mean fraction oxidized was 36%, with a standard error of 6%, indicating that the actual oxidation rate is likely higher than current default values.
The American Urological Association recommends PSA testing for men aged 40+, considering factors like family history and overall health. The new guidelines stress that prostate cancer is an individual decision, and the single standard should not apply to all men.
A study published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry reveals a novel protein called RANBP9, which when over-expressed leads to increased generation of amyloid-beta peptide. The researchers found that inhibiting RANBP9 may offer an alternative approach to therapy for Alzheimer's disease.
A survey of new doctors and teaching physicians found significant disagreement on essential medical procedures to learn, with new doctors prioritizing more invasive procedures. The results have led to a revised curriculum at Wake Forest University School of Medicine, enhancing student training and potentially improving patient care.
Researchers Norrmén et al identified Foxc2 and NFATc1 as key transcription factors in lymph vessel development. These factors work together to build lymph vessel valves, a critical aspect of the lymphatic drainage system.
The Medical College of Georgia is part of a large national study examining the genes of 10,000 patients with schizophrenia and 10,000 healthy individuals. The study aims to pinpoint variations that can improve disease diagnosis and treatment.
Scientists at the University of Central Florida have revived a dormant gene found in humans, which produces retrocyclin, a protein that resists HIV. The study found that restoring the production of retrocyclins prevents HIV entry and transmission.
In Ethiopia, the scale-up of antiretroviral treatment has achieved remarkable success in expanding access to treatment and HIV counseling and testing. However, HIV prevention interventions and managing chronic care patients are lagging behind. Task shifting to health officers and workers is credited with these successes, but urgent att...
Research published in PLOS Medicine found that mortality among HIV-infected people starting antiretroviral treatment (ART) is comparable to non-HIV related mortality in four sub-Saharan countries. The study analyzed data from over 2 million people with HIV and found moderate excess mortality, similar to that associated with diabetes.
A new topical spray, PSD502, has been found to be an effective treatment for premature ejaculation, improving latency time from 0.6 minutes to 4 minutes in clinical trials. The spray selectively desensitizes penile skin without affecting sensation, making it a potentially attractive option for patients with this condition.
Two studies show that adult circumcision reduces the risk of contracting HIV and coital injuries, but does not affect sexual function. Circumcision removes skin surface susceptible to HIV infection, reducing the risk of transmission.
Researchers found that precisely tuning oscillation frequencies of certain neurons can affect how the brain processes information and implements feelings of reward. The study suggests that parvalbumin neurons play a crucial role in generating gamma brain waves, which enhance information flow among different cell types.
A study published by the American Urological Association found that well water intake is directly associated with bladder cancer incidence in women and mortality rates in both sexes. In contrast, exposure to solar UV radiation is inversely associated with bladder cancer incidence and mortality rates in both men and women. Cigarette smo...
Researchers have identified two potential new targets in the fight against prostate cancer: 'cold shock' proteins that can be turned down through genetic techniques to weaken cancer cells, and higher bone density in men which may increase their risk of developing prostate cancer. Additionally, children with kidney stones are more likel...
Yale researchers have demonstrated silicon-based nanocantilevers that operate on photonic principles, enabling ultra-sensitive measurements at the atomic level. The system can detect as little deflection as 0.0001 Angstroms, and a sensor multiplex format allows for complex measurements of patterns simultaneously.
A University of Haifa study found that exposure to stories about successful risk-taking decisions influenced investment advisors' perceptions of a Nasdaq-traded stock. The study suggests that psychological factors, such as priming, can shape financial decision-making. This phenomenon highlights the importance of considering psychology ...
Researchers found uterus sparing surgery to be an effective treatment option for women with pelvic organ prolapse, with 82.97% patient satisfaction rates. The study also showed minimal persisting symptoms, with sexual activity maintained in 95.5% of patients.
Patients undergoing robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy experience improved outcomes, with faster recovery times and lower blood loss. This minimally invasive approach enables earlier return to normal activity, reducing the delay in treatment for patients with kidney cancer.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a way to induce gamma brain waves by shining laser light onto the brains of mice, using optogenetics to manipulate individual nerve cells. This breakthrough provides new insights into the role of gamma oscillations in regulating brain functions and may lead to new treatments for brain-related disorders.
Scientists have decoded the structure of a needlelike protein complex on Shigella bacteria, essential for infection, revealing new insights into the mechanism of bacterial injection systems that could lead to new drugs.
A study found that elderly patients experiencing nighttime urination had a higher mortality rate compared to those without nocturia. Researchers identified several factors associated with an increased risk of death, including age, diabetes, and hypertension.
A new robotic approach to surgically treat urothelial cancer of the kidney is proving to be effective, offering benefits such as less bleeding and scarring, shorter hospital stays, and faster recovery times. The minimally invasive surgery allows for the preservation of kidney function in patients with stage 3 chronic kidney disease.
Researchers found a 72% reduction in risk for tumor inflammation among men taking statins, which may contribute to lower advanced prostate cancer incidence. Statin use could potentially control or prevent prostate cancer through anti-inflammatory effects.
A study reviewing 505 operative repairs found that prompt treatment improved survival rates, with extent of fibrosis being the only predictive factor for successful repair. Women with previous pregnancies showed significantly improved outcomes compared to first-time mothers.
Researchers have established criteria for reclassifying prostate cancer risk over time, allowing for more tailored treatment approaches. Patients with slow-growing cancer can benefit from reduced therapy burden, while those with more aggressive disease receive definitive care.
A study of 181 women found that increased sexual activity, recent alcohol consumption, and using sanitary napkins during menstruation were associated with an increased risk of developing their first urinary tract infection (UTI). Medical attention is crucial as UTIs can lead to kidney infections and sepsis.
A recent study found that generic substitutes for alpha blockers and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are less effective in treating lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) than their branded counterparts. Men taking these generics experienced increased side effects, including dizziness, nasal congestion, and ejaculatory dysfunction.
A large Mayo Clinic cohort study found that statin use is associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer, with non-statin users three times more likely to develop the condition. Statins may also protect against erectile dysfunction, particularly among older men, and prevent prostate enlargement.
Researchers confirmed that transplanting autologous muscle-derived cells into the bladder improves symptoms and quality of life in patients with stress urinary incontinence. The treatment has few side effects and significantly improved symptoms, with 76.5% of patients reporting a reduction in stress leaks at 12 months.
Researchers found that tadalafil improved detrusor pressure and bladder function in men with BPH-LUTS. The study also showed a significant reduction in obstructed patients after treatment with tadalafil.
Researchers have identified three genetic factors that can turn non-muscle cells into beating heart cells, providing a significant breakthrough in understanding how to repair damaged hearts. The discovery could lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches using stem cells.
A study published by the American Urological Association found that obesity is associated with a higher risk of urinary tract infections. Morbidly obese patients were most at risk, highlighting the importance of urologic care for individuals with elevated body mass indexes.
Researchers found that a three-year combination therapy of vitamin E, selenium, and soy did not prevent the progression from HGPIN to prostate cancer. The study results show that 26.4% of participants developed invasive prostate cancer, regardless of baseline characteristics.
In a phase II study, lapatinib demonstrated efficacy in treating patients with inflammatory breast cancer, with 49% experiencing a partial response to the treatment. The median overall survival for responding patients was 18.4 months, significantly longer than non-responders.
A new diagnostic technique using blue light and a special study drug has been shown to detect more bladder tumors, reducing the rate of recurrence by 22% in patients with papillary bladder tumors. The study found that this method detected an additional tumor in 16.9% of patients compared to traditional white-light detection.
Researchers have discovered a way to trigger an improved immune response to cancer using a combination of interleukin-7 and a viral vaccine. The new approach shows promise in treating cancer, potentially sparing patients from toxic therapies.
Research suggests that diet soda's citrate and malate can inhibit calcium stone development, a known factor for kidney stones. Moderate consumption of diet soda may benefit patients with recurrent kidney stones.
Researchers investigated a novel nanoparticle platform that releases therapeutic levels of nitric oxide, which aids in erection biology. Five out of seven rats treated with these nanoparticles experienced positive effects on erectile response, resulting in visible erections.
A long-term clinical trial found that men who consumed pomegranate juice daily after treatment for localized prostate cancer experienced a significant increase in PSA doubling time and a decline in median PSA slope. This suggests that pomegranate juice may effectively slow the progression of post-treatment prostate cancer recurrence.
Long-term studies found that melamine consumption increases the risk of developing kidney stones in children, particularly between six months to 18 months old. Non-invasive treatment can effectively manage these complications with a high success rate.