Researchers found a mechanism that enables proteins to become more specialized over time, contributing to human biological complexity. Random genetic mutations in duplicate genes can lead to dosage imbalances, which can be alleviated through paralogization, allowing humans to maintain complex tissues.
A new study found that eight in 10 Americans are missing out on the health benefits of a diet rich in colorful fruits and veggies, resulting in a phytonutrient gap. Consuming a variety of colorful foods can support immune function and overall health.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center report an extremely low rate of acute dermatitis and cardiac toxicity when treating HER2-positive breast cancer patients with concurrent Trastuzumab and radiation therapy. The study suggests it may be safe to use both treatments in the adjuvant setting, pending longer follow-up.
Researchers at NIST have developed a method to calculate the motions and forces of thousands of atoms simultaneously over longer time scales. This breakthrough enables modeling of atomic-scale processes that unfold over time, such as vibrations in crystals, and improves results in fields like nanotechnology and materials science.
ISU researchers have discovered a compound that neutralizes the cell-killing kinase-C and allows dopamine-producing cells to survive and function. This finding brings hope for a possible cure for Parkinson's disease by targeting the protein responsible for killing these cells.
Breast cancer survivors who lifted weights regularly felt better about their bodies and had improved intimate relationships, according to a new study. The weight lifting also helped alleviate lymphedema symptoms and boosted emotional empowerment.
Researchers at UCLA have successfully reconstituted the enzyme responsible for producing lovastatin, a widely used cholesterol-lowering medication. By understanding how this large enzyme works, they hope to retune its assembly line to produce other natural compounds with similar benefits.
A Phase II study conducted by the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center has shown encouraging results in treating limited stage small cell lung cancer with a combination of accelerated high-dose radiotherapy and chemotherapy, achieving a high level of control of the disease while minimizing damage to the esophagus.
A new UCLA study found that early-morning colonoscopies yielded more polyps per patient than later screenings, while the amount of polyps discovered decreased hour by hour as the day progressed. This suggests a need for broader system changes to improve outcomes for colonoscopy procedures.
Experts are conducting a large-scale study to measure the hearing of people with HIV/AIDS and compare it to those without, aiming to uncover the relationship between the disease and hearing loss. The research, supported by a $1.9 million grant, will also explore potential factors contributing to age-related hearing loss in these patients.
Researchers found that timber harvest has a negative effect on amphibians' later life cycles, causing them to die when they leave the pond, but has a positive impact on their aquatic larval stage, allowing them to grow and thrive in open areas.
Flocked swabs are found to be more effective than nasopharyngeal aspiration in detecting viruses, with a lower cost. Social media played a key role in disseminating news about the 2009 H1N1 flu outbreak, with 2.3 million searches for 'H1N1 flu' and 13.4 million for 'swine flu'
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg discovered that two genes, one causing cancer on its own and the other reducing RAS activity, together lead to aggressive leukemia. This unexpected finding opens new avenues for treating blood cancer cells with NF1 mutations.
Scientists discovered that adding glucose to worms' diet reduces their life span by 20%, suggesting a possible link between sugar and human aging. The study highlights the importance of insulin signaling pathways in regulating life-extending molecular players.
Dr. Bob F. Cahalan, Head of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center's Climate and Radiation Branch, has been recognized as a Fellow of the American Meteorological Society (AMS) for his groundbreaking research on cloud structure in climate, leading to advancements in atmospheric radiative transfer and global warming studies.
The article highlights the looming financial pressures in the world's response to HIV/AIDS and neglected tropical diseases. Experts propose various strategies to combat these challenges, including investing in high-impact prevention and efficient treatment efforts, and shifting from emergency responses to evidence-based initiatives. By...
Leaders in healthcare and health policy support sweeping changes to Medicare, including expanding payment pilot programs and creating an independent advisory council. Experts also back negotiating pharmaceutical drug prices and filling the 'doughnut hole' coverage gap.
Reducing daily steroid doses for children with status asthmaticus shows no effect on hospital stay length. High-dose inhaled albuterol is linked to metabolic acidosis risk. Tonsil size may predict obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in kids
A study presented at the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO) found that hypofractionated radiation treatment is more effective in stopping cancer from growing in high-risk prostate cancer patients compared to standard radiation therapy. The new treatment also had no increased risk of negative side effects, making it a valua...
Mechanical fruit thinning improves pecan yield and nut quality, leading to increased profit potential. The study found that thinned trees had a higher return crop value in the off-year, offsetting any loss in yield, resulting in overall increased profitability for 'Cape Fear' and 'Sumner' pecan varieties.
Applying reflective films to orchard floors increases fruit size and color, leading to increased profits for apple growers. The use of these films can result in a 26% increase in fruit picked at first harvest, meeting European Union grade standards.
Researchers used portable 3D laser scanners to capture and preserve a 110-million-year-old fossilized dinosaur footprint, providing valuable data for scientific research and education. The preserved track will be made available for download, allowing others to study and analyze the specimen.
Researchers found that men with lower cholesterol levels had a 59% lower risk of developing high-grade prostate cancers, which tend to grow and spread rapidly. The study suggests that targeting cholesterol metabolism may be one route to treating and preventing the disease.
Researchers at NIST have developed a method to quantify extremely low levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), a molecule that indicates cardiovascular disease risk. The new certified reference material will improve the accuracy of clinical laboratory tests for CRP, enabling more precise detection of individuals at high risk of heart attack.
Researchers present findings on zinc deficiency's role in allergic asthma, air pollution's significant health risk for patients with chronic lung diseases, and electrical stimulation as a potential bronchodilation treatment. Studies also explore the reduction of daily steroids in children with asthma and the association between high-do...
A Monash University study found that rates of gastroenteritis were similar between households with treated and untreated rainwater. The results confirm there is a low risk of illness from drinking rainwater, making it safe for activities like showering and bathing.
A new study suggests that PET imaging before radiation therapy should not be used to determine areas that may benefit from higher doses of radiation. Researchers found that activity patterns in some patients changed completely after treatment, making it unreliable as a predictor.
Researchers have mapped the large-scale distributions of dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus over the Atlantic Ocean, finding that these nutrients dominate surface waters and play a crucial role in export production. The study suggests that nutrient-poor regions, like subtropical gyres, rely on these nutrients to sustain life.
The American Dietetic Association supports exclusive breastfeeding for optimal nutrition and health protection during the first six months of life. Breastfeeding also offers numerous benefits for mothers, including reduced risk of chronic diseases and improved bone density.
Researchers have discovered that saturated fatty acids can 'anger' the immune system by hijacking Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) on blood cells, leading to chronic inflammation. This interaction may be the key to understanding obesity-related metabolic consequences, and a new class of insulin sensitizers is being explored.
Researchers found that first responders exposed to caustic dust and toxic pollutants after the 2001 World Trade Center attacks are twice as likely to have asthma. The study of 20,843 responders reveals a significant risk for this population.
TRMM satellite analyzed Typhoon Mirinae's rainfall, showing totals over 200 mm in the Philippines and 275 mm in Vietnam. The typhoon dropped heavy rain north of its path, causing flooding and disasters.
TD97W is tracking south-southwesterly through Tabaco City, Ligao, Oas, and Naga City into the Ragay Gulf, bringing rains to Kalibo, Roxas City, and San Jose de Buenavista. The storm's convection has waned, and it is dissipating due to a lack of thunderstorm formation.
Scientists at Max Planck Institute for Biological Cybernetics create tiny laser-scanning microscope images brain cells in awake and moving animals, eliminating the need for electrodes. This breakthrough allows researchers to study how the brain generates an internal representation of the outside world.
Researchers identified 78 homegrown health biotechnology companies producing innovative products for all neglected diseases, including the Big 3. A proposed 'Global Health Accellerator' service aims to connect these firms with expertise and funding to reach additional villages worldwide.
Research found that handling African violets with gloved hands resulted in lower damage ratings and better plant quality. In contrast, plants brushed with bare hands to which lotion had been applied showed decreased plant size and quality. The study suggests that 'hands off' is the best approach for healthier African violet care.
A new report by NIST demonstrates that iris recognition algorithms can maintain their accuracy and interoperability with compact images, affirming their potential for large-scale identity management applications. The study's results show that two compression standards, JPEG2000 and PNG format, performed well in preserving image quality.
Research from the University of Gothenburg reveals that preschool children actively challenge and redefine traditional gender structures. Despite teachers' biases, children often share play and learning activities, show concern for each other's well-being, and reformulate possibilities through child-led initiatives.
The book 'Organic Farming: The Ecological System' brings together farmer experience and scientific research to understand the role of organics in modern agriculture. It presents current research and development in organic farming, highlighting its potential to revitalize rural landscapes and communities.
Research led by Ohio State University found that aggressive prostate cancers have small, irregular blood vessels, while slow-growing tumors have more normal-appearing vessels. This study suggests using tumor blood vessel architecture to guide therapy and potentially improve long-term survival for patients.
The 'energy gap' concept suggests that small behavior changes, such as eating 100 less calories per day, are effective in preventing further weight gain. This approach must be included in public health strategies and policies to address obesity.
A recent nationwide study found that hot tub-related injuries have more than doubled over the last 18 years, with slips and falls being the most common cause. The study also highlights the need for special attention to be given to the pediatric population due to the severity of hot tub-related injuries.
A long-term follow-up study found that Mexico's Oportunidades program conferred health benefits on children, particularly those whose mothers had no formal education. The additional 18 months of inclusion in the program reduced socioemotional problems and improved child growth, especially for those with mothers who were less educated.
Research by Michigan State University's Barbara Luke found that obese women are 28% less likely to become pregnant and have a successful pregnancy. Women who are overweight also face a 14% lower chance of a successful pregnancy. The study analyzed nearly 50,000 women using assisted reproductive technology.
Engineering students at UC San Diego helped streamline the application process for federal Clean Renewable Energy Bonds, securing $154 million for 192 solar projects. The students developed an analytical tool to calculate energy output and payback time, allowing applications to be completed in 10 minutes.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (Lap band) surgery improves the health of morbidly obese adolescents. The procedure led to significant weight loss and reduced the risk of developing insulin resistance, a key indicator of obesity-related illnesses.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have received $3.9 million in Challenge grant funds to tackle specific scientific and health research challenges in biomedical and behavioral sciences. Drs. Flemming Forsberg, Laura N. Gitlin, Maurizio Pacifici, and Scott Waldman will study portal venous pressure, depression treatment, Heredit...
A recent study identifies stable and variable traits in garlic cultivars, providing guidelines for farmers and new options for consumers. The research suggests that bulb size, color, and elemental composition are site-dependent and highly variable, offering promise for savvy consumers seeking locally grown garlic varieties.
A University of Adelaide study found a link between late pregnancy folic acid supplements and increased risk of asthma in children. The study suggests that the timing of supplementation is crucial in minimizing potential adverse effects.
A new theory proposes a method to determine fair CEO compensation using information theory and statistical thermodynamics. The ratio of CEO pay to the lowest employee salary has increased significantly in recent years, with US CEOs averaging around 344-to-1, raising questions about market efficiency.
A new study found that caffeine from coffee interferes with sleep in night-shift workers and worsens its effects as people age. The study suggests that reducing coffee consumption can help improve daytime recovery sleep.
The study found that hospitalization and death from H1N1 can occur at any age, with severe cases reported in 30% of hospitalized patients over 50. The median age of all cases was 27 years, and underlying conditions such as obesity, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were common among severe cases.
A new study by Purdue University researchers suggests that local and regional strategies such as creating green spaces and buffer zones in urban areas could help address climate change. The study found that greener land cover contributes to cooler temperatures, while any other change leads to warmer temperatures.
A recent study found that laser etching does not facilitate decay in laser-labeled grapefruit and can even reduce water loss. The technology provides a safe alternative to adhesive sticker labeling, maintaining high fruit quality during storage.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a way to protect against rootkits by hijacking hooks in operating systems. By moving hooks to a centralized location, they can be protected using hardware-based memory protection, making it harder for malware to subvert them.
New research reveals that statin therapy significantly reduces the risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with atherosclerosis. Patients on higher doses of statins had the lowest likelihood of developing VTE, suggesting a dose-related response.
A new study found that a shorter, five-week course of hypofractionated radiation is as effective as standard radiation therapy in reducing prostate cancer recurrence. The treatment delivered higher doses of radiation in fewer sessions, resulting in no significant difference in cancer recurrence or side effects between the two groups.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute successfully treated pain in patients with advanced cancer using stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). The study found that SRS was a safe and effective treatment for patients with bone metastases, offering faster onset of pain relief and longer survival rates compared to conventi...
A study at Rush University Medical Center found that advanced equipment can largely spare the hippocampus and limbic circuit from cranial radiation, minimizing memory lapses and other cognitive effects. The researchers plan to start a clinical trial to determine the new procedure's effectiveness in preventing or treating brain metastases.
Researchers found that sprinters have significantly shorter lever arms in their ankles compared to non-sprinters. This allows muscles to produce greater force without sacrificing speed. The study suggests that a unique foot structure is essential for sprinting success, with longer toes providing an additional advantage.