Researchers found that glycyrrhizin improves the ability of damaged skin to produce antimicrobial peptides, which help prevent bacterial growth and infections. The study suggests that this compound could lead to lower death rates associated with burn-related infections.
A recent study by researchers at Hospital for Special Surgery identifies four key areas of need for orthopedic training programs: addressing compromised learning experiences due to work-hour restrictions, developing core knowledge with specific goals, establishing common benchmarks for program effectiveness, and adapting to generationa...
Scientists have discovered that plant viruses can be harnessed to carry genetic information into plant cells, which could lead to the development of crops with desirable traits. By stabilizing viral vector genes, researchers hope to improve crop yields and resistance.
A team of researchers has successfully studied the elusive CstF-64 protein, a crucial component of gene expression. The breakthrough allows scientists to understand its interactions with other proteins and improve polyadenylation machinery in living cells.
Researchers at Binghamton University identified specific types of chronic wound bacteria producing cell-cell signaling molecules AI-2 and AHLs. The 'good' bacteria produce AI-2, while pathogenic species produce AHLs, which can be targeted to improve wound healing.
The androgen receptor, crucial for male hormones like testosterone, also plays a significant role in the body's ability to heal wounds. Blocking this receptor accelerates wound healing by reducing inflammation.
Researchers have identified two cellular proteins that are important factors in hepatitis C virus infection. The natural compound Quercetin inhibits the synthesis of these proteins, significantly inhibiting viral infection in tissue culture. A Phase I clinical trial will be launched to determine if the compound is safe and effective.
A study by C. Rhett Jackson and Catherine M. Pringle found that reducing water flow rates can create ecological benefits, such as protecting endangered species and mitigating pollution effects. However, restoring natural flows can also lead to detrimental changes in vegetation that harm animals.
A Stanford University study found that solar-powered drip irrigation systems significantly enhance household incomes and nutritional intake of villagers in arid sub-Saharan Africa. The system provided a reliable source of water, allowing farmers to produce more food and increase their income.
Scientists discovered that blocking delta-catenin expression disrupts inflammation-induced angiogenesis in tumors and wounds. The findings suggest that delta-catenin may be a key player in cancer progression.
The Institute of Medicine recommends stricter resident duty hour regulations to reduce fatigue-related errors and ensure patient safety. The new guidelines focus on regular sleep opportunities for residents, rather than reducing maximum weekly work hours.
A new protocol for fluorescence in situ hybridization allows phylogenetic identification of microorganisms in environmental samples. Meanwhile, a dual-color ELISPOT assay enables simultaneous detection of IL-2 and IFN-γ secreting T cells, promising to monitor immune responses to certain infectious agents.
Scientists have discovered a pivotal role for two key proteins in preventing the onset of age-related macular degeneration. The study found that one protein binds to another to reduce damage caused by inflammation, and that genetic variations can make people more vulnerable to eye damage.
A new study published in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found that the risk of early postoperative mortality following knee and hip replacement surgeries is slightly increased for the first 26 days after surgery. However, the risk of mortality drops to negligible levels 26 days post-op. The study included data from over 188,000 ...
Researchers propose using buried volcanic rocks to store carbon dioxide emitted by power plants, with potential sites identified off northern New Jersey, Long Island and Massachusetts. The study suggests that deep burial in these basalt formations could help reduce risks of leaks.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University have defined a uniform method to interpret Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD), combining emotional-social behavior and four additional domains: memory, perception, and motor behavior. This approach links ASD with other conditions like ADHD.
A meta-analysis of 134 studies involving over 3,400 participants found that men's brain and body responses were more aligned during sexual arousal. In contrast, women's mind-body responses were less consistent. The study suggests significant gender differences in how people experience and respond to sexual stimuli.
Despite quality issues and social stigma, a majority of Pennsylvania's mobile home residents are satisfied with their homes. The primary benefit of living in a mobile home is affordability, according to Penn State researchers who found that 48% of respondents cited affordability as a major advantage.
Researchers identified a strategy to target human breast cancer stem cells by blocking the protein CXCR1. The approach selectively depleted cancer stem cells in mice xenotransplanted with human breast cancer cells, leading to reduced tumor growth and metastasis. This finding provides hope for women with breast cancer.
Astronomers discovered a distant star that exploded 7 billion years ago when its center became unstable and created matter and anti-matter particle pairs. The Y-155 supernova was 100 billion times brighter than the sun, releasing an enormous amount of energy.
The new SBI and ACR recommendations suggest that breast cancer screening should begin at age 40, with annual screening recommended for average-risk patients. High-risk patients may start screening as early as age 30. The guidelines aim to reduce mortality rates from breast cancer through earlier detection.
Researchers at UNC have discovered a single calcium atom controls bacterial motility required for infection. By blocking this site, the bacteria can't move, stopping its ability to establish infections like meningitis. The finding identifies a key step in bacterial infection and could lead to new drug targets.
A study found that many Americans with major depression do not receive adequate treatment, with racial and ethnic groups facing disparities. Psychotherapy is more commonly used than pharmacotherapy, but individuals with specific ethnic backgrounds have lower odds of receiving concordant care.
Researchers found that people who quit smoking have a 70% increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the first six years without cigarettes compared to non-smokers. Weight gain after quitting is suspected to be the cause of this increased risk, which returns to normal after 10 years.
Researchers will apply basic science discoveries from the LOX gene family to improve corn breeding for drought tolerance and aflatoxin resistance. The four-year project will help reduce losses caused by mycotoxins in Texas, estimated at $13 million in 2008.
A new study published in the FASEB Journal shows that choline plays a critical role in fetal brain development, particularly in regions associated with memory. Choline is found in meats like bacon and eggs.
The WUSTL-led MoonRise mission is one of three finalists for a $650 million NASA space science venture. The mission aims to retrieve two pounds of lunar rocks and return them to Earth, providing new insights into the early history of the Earth-Moon system.
The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons emphasizes the need for better care for extremity war injuries, citing challenges in research, host nation care, and disaster preparedness. The symposium highlighted the importance of funding more research to improve treatment outcomes.
A new Cornell study reveals that using kitchen spoons to measure liquid medicine can lead to significant inaccuracies. Participants under-dosed by an average of 8%, while those using larger spoons over-dosed by 12%. Experts recommend using precise measuring devices instead.
A meta-analysis of 134 studies involving over 3,400 participants found that men's subjective and physiological measures of sexual arousal were more closely matched than women's. The researchers identified two methodological differences - the type of stimuli and timing of assessment - that may contribute to this gender difference.
A study published in the FASEB Journal shows that free radicals cause mitochondrial damage in muscle cells, resulting in accelerated age-related muscle loss. Researchers hope to develop new treatments to slow or limit this process.
A new ALS drug, talampanel, has shown some ability to slow the loss of major daily life activities such as speaking, walking and dressing. The study found that talampanel slowed progression of ALS by 30 percent, according to the ALS Functional Rating Scale.
A new study identifies βCTF, a small protein found in APP, as a novel factor contributing to Alzheimer's disease-related endosome abnormalities. Elevated levels of βCTF cause specific pattern of endosome defects similar to brain cells in Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers tested urban macaques for lead and toxic metal exposure, finding higher levels in younger animals. The study suggests that synanthropic macaques, which share the same ecological niche with humans, could serve as early indicators of human exposure to toxins.
Astronomers have discovered a giant stream of gas flowing from neighboring galaxies around the Milky Way is more than 40% longer and 2.5 billion years older than previously known, according to new radio observations.
Health consumers must become informed advocates for comprehensive pain treatment as physicians struggle with inadequate training and fear of prescription drug abuse. Long-term solutions require education, responsibility, and collaboration among all parties involved.
A study published in the journal Cancer found that radiofrequency ablation (RFA) significantly reduced pain from bone metastases in patients. RFA is a minimally invasive cancer treatment that uses heat to kill tumor cells, eliminating the need for strong narcotic pain management.
Research reveals that quitting smoking can increase type 2 diabetes risk in the short term due to weight gain. Additionally, spoon size affects dosing accuracy with liquid medicine, leading to errors. The latest adult immunization schedule emphasizes HPV and influenza vaccinations, while antiretroviral adherence is linked to lower heal...
Researchers at the Gladstone Institutes have discovered surfen, a small molecule that inhibits HIV's ability to bind to cells and enhance infection. The discovery could lead to new treatments for HIV, potentially reducing transmission rates through sexual contact.
A recent study identifies CXCR1 as a crucial protein in targeting human breast cancer stem cells. Inhibiting this protein selectively depletes the cancer stem cell population, leading to reduced tumor growth and metastasis. The findings suggest that strategies targeting CXCR1 may offer a promising approach for treating breast cancer.
A nurse home visitation program has been shown to reduce the likelihood of girls entering the criminal justice system by age 19, according to a recent study. The program, which focuses on promoting maternal health and caregiving skills during pregnancy and infancy, was found to have long-term benefits for these young women.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have created biodegradable nanosized particles that can deliver sustained-release medication to patients with diseases like cystic fibrosis and cancer. The nanoparticles degrade over time into harmless components, overcoming a major barrier to aerosolized drug delivery.
Researchers reviewed the effects of Vitamins C and E and magnesium on diabetic retinopathy, finding no strong evidence to support their use as supplements. Ethnic norms were established for preschoolers' eyesight, revealing higher rates of myopia in African-American children compared to Hispanic children.
A clinical trial at the University of Western Ontario aims to improve patient treatment for Crohn's disease by evaluating a new combination therapy approach. The REACT study will compare conventional management strategies to a newer paradigm featuring early use of immunosuppression and anti-metabolites.
In a study, oncostatin M was found to promote bone formation by blocking the production of a protein that inhibits bone growth when signaling through leukemia inhibitory factor receptor. This indicates the existence of a pathway for stimulating bone formation independently of bone destruction.
Researchers from Imperial College London and UCL found evidence of ancient lakes on Mars using NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter images. The study suggests that Mars had warm and wet periods approximately 3 billion years ago, potentially creating habitats suitable for microbial life.
Researchers observed the sun's outer atmosphere during eclipses, capturing the first images of the solar corona in a near-infrared emission line of highly ionized iron. The observations revealed localized regions of enhanced density and extended beyond three solar radii above the sun's surface.
A study suggests that older adults can use unusual motor tasks, such as patting their heads, to reduce repetition errors in taking daily medications. The research found that participants who performed a complex motor task while taking their medication made significantly fewer mistakes than those who did not.
Researchers at UC Davis identified 10 locations in California with higher-than-expected autism incidence rates, primarily in areas with higher levels of parental education. The study found that children born to parents with more educational attainment were more likely to be diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder.
Researchers found that vitamin C stops and reverses accelerated aging in mice with a mutation in the WRN gene, a common cause of premature aging. The study suggests that vitamin C may be beneficial for individuals with progeroid syndromes like Werner's syndrome.
A recent study found that refusing immunizations increases the risk of varicella illness in children, with unvaccinated kids nine times more at risk. The study analyzed electronic health records of over 86,000 children and confirmed that vaccine refusal significantly raises the risk of infection.
A study published in Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine found that childhood blood pressure, body mass index, and glucose levels can predict type 2 diabetes risk nine to 26 years later. Children with high systolic blood pressure, a high body mass index, or low HDL cholesterol are more likely to develop diabetes.
Scientists in Vienna have developed a new technique using insect cells to produce vaccines for H1N1 'swine flu', which can meet the demand of a global flu pandemic. This method is faster than traditional egg-based production and offers a safe alternative with reduced biosafety issues.
The ALMA team successfully linked three antennas, correcting errors that can arise when using only two antennas, paving the way for precise, high-resolution imaging. The successful test shows that the completed ALMA system of 66 high-tech antennas will produce astronomical images of unprecedented quality.
Researchers found that increasing G6PD levels can prevent negative effects of high sugar on beta cells, which produce insulin. This discovery may lead to targeted treatments for diabetes.
Research by Washington University in St. Louis shows that Thai hill farmers' traditional agriculture, including seed selection and exchange, influences the genetic diversity of their ancestral rice varieties. These local landraces provide a pool of traits that can improve crops worldwide.
The publication of consensus recommendations in Pediatrics marks an important step towards advancing physician awareness of unique challenges in the medical management of children with autism. The guidelines provide guidance on how current general pediatric standards of care can be adapted for children with ASD, highlighting the need f...
Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have found that an experimental drug, imetelstat, blocks telomerase activity in isolated human cells and tumor-initiating cells from glioblastoma and prostate cancer patients. The drug shows promise in fighting the diseases by inhibiting telomerase activity.
Two head-to-head studies found that Peginterferon alpha-2a (PegIFNα2a) plus ribavirin (RBV) produces a significantly higher sustained virological response (SVR) rate than peginterferon alpha-2b (PegIFNα2b) plus RBV for patients with chronic hepatitis C. The SVR rates were 66% and 54% for PegIFNα2a and PegIFNα2b, respectively.
A study found that refusing the varicella vaccine is associated with a nine-fold increased risk of developing the disease in children. This finding suggests that declining vaccination rates could lead to an increase in the incidence of chickenpox and related complications.