Postmenopausal women, especially those over 70, have a higher prevalence of cancer detected in the undiagnosed breast with MRI compared to premenopausal women. Detecting and treating both breasts at the same time may save costs and reduce patient stress.
Researchers at Yale University have discovered a new way to grow arteries using a drug that inhibits a specific signaling pathway. This breakthrough could lead to a non-invasive 'biological bypass' option for patients with coronary artery disease.
Researchers identified IFN-beta as a natural inhibitor of tumor blood vessel growth, limiting tumor growth and immune cell gene expression. This discovery provides insight into why IFN therapy benefits early cancer development.
A large case-control study found that men with higher occupational sunlight exposure had a reduced risk of kidney cancer. Vitamin D, metabolized in the kidneys, may play a role in preventing some cancers.
Scientists find that Arctic sea ice loss is driven by the formation of arches, which block flow and lead to increased ice loss. In Mars, solar wind pulses contribute to atmospheric escape, with bursts occurring in association with corotating interaction regions.
Researchers have discovered a gene linked to a newly recognized multisystem autoimmune disorder affecting Amish children, characterized by chronic diarrhea, enlarged organs, and developmental delays. The ITCH gene plays a crucial role in regulating the immune system, and identifying it may lead to effective treatment for these children.
Sara Cordes, a BC psychologist, receives 2010 Sloan Research Fellowship for her research on infant quantity tracking. The fellowship supports her work in understanding how infants keep track of quantity, with implications for later mathematics competence.
A new study from the Institute for Aging Research found that blacks and Hispanics have significantly lower odds of receiving hospice care for advanced heart failure compared to whites. The study highlights the need to ensure equal access to and education about hospice services, particularly for racial and ethnic minorities.
Scientists have found that geraniums can paralyze the Japanese beetle, a pest feeding on ornamentals, soybeans, and other crops. The beetles typically recover within 24 hours after being paralyzed, but often succumb to predators under field conditions.
University of Utah engineers created a computer-controlled hand and arm support to aid precision tasks with less fatigue. The Active Handrest allows users to maintain control while sensing tool position or force, increasing precision in tasks like surgery, painting, and electronics repair.
A study published in the Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism found that repeated anesthesia can cause a significant decrease in stem cells in the hippocampus, leading to impaired memory and learning in young animals. The researchers believe this effect may be age-related, with younger animals being more susceptible.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a new phenomenon that causes powerful waves of energy to shoot through carbon nanotubes, enabling the production of electricity. The discovery has led to the creation of a system that produces energy about 100 times greater than an equivalent weight of lithium-ion battery.
Researchers develop method to efficiently turn carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide using visible light, a process similar to what organisms naturally do. The technique has potential applications in producing electricity or hydrogen and could be scaled up with mass production of the catalyst.
A study found a region of chromosome 5 associated with eosinophilic esophagitis, a severe and painful type of food allergy that can cause weight loss, vomiting, and swallowing difficulties. The likely culprit is the gene TSLP, which has higher activity levels in children with EoE compared to healthy subjects.
Research findings suggest that participatory women's groups can reduce neonatal mortality by up to one-third and moderate maternal depression. The groups' impact was attributed to improved hygiene and care practices, as well as increased community mobilization and support for the poorest populations.
Researchers at Universite de Montreal and VGTI have discovered a new mechanism by which HIV infects immune cells, characterizing the role of two molecules PD-1 and IL-10 in this process. The study suggests that blocking these interactions may restore the immune response in HIV-infected patients.
Researchers at CSHL and Mexico's National Polytechnic Institute successfully inhibited asexual reproduction in a sexually reproducing plant by silencing transposons. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of genetically identical seeds with valuable parental traits, greatly increasing crop yields.
Hebrew University researchers describe how frictional strength evolves over time, with a focus on microscopic 'bumps' that govern contact between sliding bodies. The study provides a comprehensive picture of friction's behavior, shedding light on its applications in fields like hard drives and earthquakes.
Scientists are working with breeders and the food industry to create high-quality pea varieties that can reduce nitrogen fertilizer use, thereby cutting carbon emissions. The goal is to increase the uptake of legume farming and improve profit margins for farmers.
Scientists have discovered that Vitamin D is essential for activating killer cells in the immune system. Without sufficient vitamin D, T cells cannot detect and fight off serious infections. The researchers found that T cells rely on vitamin D to activate and that a lack of vitamin D can lead to immune suppression.
Researchers at MIT have developed a method to transform polyethylene into a thermally conductive material, outperforming some metals in thermal conductivity. The new process involves aligning polymer molecules to enhance heat transfer efficiency.
A groundbreaking study led by University of Bristol researchers has shown that a pioneering treatment can significantly reduce disability in premature babies born with serious brain hemorrhages. The treatment, known as ventricular lavage, involves draining out toxic fluids from the brain to improve outcomes for these vulnerable infants.
A novel protein named haditoxin has been identified in King Cobra venom, showing promise for new drug discovery and advancing our understanding of disease mechanisms. The protein's unique structure suggests it may offer insights into treating various neurological disorders.
A study published in the Lancet found that women's community groups in India led to a dramatic improvement in neonatal survival rates, with a 45% reduction in mortality rates. The groups also showed significant reductions in maternal depression and improvements in hygiene practices among new mothers.
Researchers found Ritalin enhances learning and focus by increasing brain plasticity and activity of dopamine receptors. The study showed Ritalin improves cognitive abilities in animals by strengthening communication between neurons.
A new sensor array made of carbon nanotubes can detect single molecules of hydrogen peroxide emanating from a single living cell. The detection could lead to new targets for potential cancer drugs and diagnostic devices for some types of cancer.
Researchers successfully used a new technique to pinpoint changes in one cell type that flagged the likelihood of kidney-transplant recipients rejecting their new organs. The algorithm enabled doctors to better identify the onset of cancers, genetic disorders, and other problems by analyzing whole-blood samples.
Scientists have identified a region of chromosome 5 associated with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), a rare allergic disease. The study suggests that the thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) gene may play a role in EoE, and future research may lead to a genetic test and treatments.
Breast cancer patients with early-stage disease and one lymph node metastasis have a low risk of recurrence without post-mastectomy radiation. Researchers found no significant difference in the 10-year risk of recurrence between women with lymph node spread and those without, highlighting the need for individualized treatment approaches.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital found that long-term shoulder function and strength are not fully restored in every patient after arthroscopic surgical repair of tendon tears. Despite high patient satisfaction rates, the study suggests that surgery may not restore normal shoulder motion, but rather alleviate pain.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital found that electromagnetic pulses significantly decrease pain and inflammation associated with osteoarthritis of the knee. Patients who used a portable device emitting low-intensity pulsating electromagnetic frequency experienced more than 40% pain relief on their first day.
A recent study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that adults with both diabetes and major depression are more than twice as likely to develop dementia compared to those with diabetes alone. The study, led by Dr. Wayne Katon, suggests that major depression doubles the risk of dementia in adults with diabetes.
Researchers applied a new strategy to investigate the effects of thousands of genes on endocytosis, revealing precise definitions of what cells need when and where. This understanding could lead to preventing infections and developing treatments for diseases like Alzheimer's and Huntington's.
Researchers found that periodontal pathogens activate HIV-1 promoters in T-cells, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells. TLR2 and TLR9 play a key role in this response.
A study published in the Journal of Patient Safety found that non-traditional therapies can significantly impact pain levels in hospitalized patients, with reductions of up to 50%. The treatments included mind-body therapies, acupuncture, and massage, among others, which were found to be effective across various patient populations.
Researchers report that OSCC cells produce high levels of VEGF, promoting proliferation and invasion. A subpopulation of OSCC cells may undergo an epithelial-to-endothelial transition, facilitating tumor progression and metastases.
Researchers from P&G Beauty & Grooming present studies on skin care science, including the impact of hexamidine on stratum corneum lipid metabolism pathways and its potential to restore aging skin's barrier function. Eleven posters will be displayed at the AAD Annual Meeting showcasing diverse research topics.
Researchers have identified genes that predispose people to gluten intolerance, which is linked to the human immune system and inflammations rather than gluten breakdown. The findings suggest a possible connection between virus infections and the onset of gluten intolerance.
Maynard V. Olson receives the Promega Biotechnology Research Award for his development of orthogonal-field-alternation gel electrophoresis, yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) system, and sequence-tagged site (STS) mapping techniques. His work significantly contributed to the completion of the human genome map.
A recent study published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology reveals that people underconfidently assess their learning abilities but overconfidently predict their memory performance. The researchers found that individuals failed to account for improved learning outcomes following additional study and testing.
The US medical community has developed new transplant criteria for patients with liver cancer, aiming to ensure equitable organ allocation. The guidelines prioritize candidates based on tumor size, alpha-fetoprotein levels, and MELD scores, while also considering locoregional therapy and down-staging.
A recent study by Dr. Richard Kremer found that nearly 60% of healthy young women had insufficient vitamin D levels, leading to increased body fat and decreased muscle strength. The research highlights the importance of vitamin D in maintaining overall health and suggests a potential link between low vitamin D levels and various diseases.
Researchers at UC Irvine and CDU aim to improve clinical care for low-weight babies by monitoring their day-to-day health and that of their parents. The project uses mobile technology to collect and report recorded observations, enabling changes in clinical practices and alerting healthcare providers to potential problems.
Results from an open-label extension study demonstrate that subjects treated with Xenazine experienced a statistically significant reduction in chorea score after 80 weeks of treatment. The primary efficacy endpoint showed a mean reduction in Total Maximal Chorea (TMC) score of 4.6 UHDRS units.
The Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine presents the inaugural SEBM Distinguished Scientist Award to recognize seminal research accomplishments. Past SEBM Presidents are among the honorees, including Hector F. DeLuca and Barbara A. Horwitz.
Enobia Pharma and McGill University partner to develop innovative treatments for rare genetic disorder hypophosphatasia, which affects calcium-phosphate mineralization. The treatment, enzyme replacement therapy, is currently undergoing clinical testing in several countries.
A study of 504 death penalty cases in Harris County, Texas found that defendants who kill high-status victims are more likely to be sentenced to death. The researchers argue that the concept of arbitrariness suggests that irrelevant social facts shape the outcome of capital cases.
A study published in Journal of Dental Research found that successful periodontal treatment significantly lowers the risk of preterm birth. Pregnant women with periodontal disease who received scaling and root planing had a lower rate of prematurity compared to those without periodontal disease.
A new study found that obesity is associated with a higher risk of developing colorectal tumors lacking microsatellite instability. The study also revealed that the relationship between body mass index and adult weight gain differs for tumors with varying levels of MSI.
Daily sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is linked to an increased risk of diabetes, with estimates suggesting 130,000 new cases of diabetes attributed to the increased consumption between 1990 and 2000. The American Heart Association recommends limiting added sugars to half of discretionary calorie allowance.
The event promotes positive attitudes on ageing, using new technologies to improve elderly independence and wellbeing. Events include 'Improving everyday life' and 'Dementia: Don't fear it', discussing loneliness, dementia, and ageism.
A team of engineers from the University of Seville has developed a system to monitor historical monuments remotely, using sensors on the Giraldillo sculpture. The study reveals that the sculpture requires specific wind speeds and temperatures to move and position itself, with no abnormal values recorded in vibration frequencies.
Researchers found that goldenrod plants with nodding stems resist gall-inducing flies and are more resistant to egg-laying, while straightened stems offer no advantage. The 'ducking' behavior is a gradual growth response that confers resistance against insect attacks.
Yanchao Zhang, an assistant professor at NJIT, has received a $400,000 NSF CAREER Award to support his research project on SC-HSNs and their application in remote environments. The award will advance the state of the art in data management in wireless security networks.
A recent survey by Rice University found that Toyota owners continue to show high levels of satisfaction with their vehicles, despite the company's numerous recalls since 2009. The study attributed this to a 'brand insulation effect,' where current customers shielded Toyota from the negative effects of recalls.
The occurrence of gluten intolerance has doubled in Finland, affecting 2% of adults and 1.5% of children. A new diagnosis method is needed to treat early stages of the condition, which may be symptom-free.
A study by University of Rochester Medical Center researchers found that teaching self-control skills to children significantly reduces classroom problems and improves behavior. Children in a school-based mentoring program were about half as likely to have any discipline incident over the three-month period.
The event aims to enrich knowledge and understanding of life in St. Ann's by sharing personal experiences and exploring key local issues such as drug use, poverty, and social division. Interactive workshops and talks will be held on topics including immigration, the war on terror, and sex trafficking.
Researchers analyzed DNA from 40 diverse Echinacea populations to understand the plant's genetic diversity. The study found that the species likely originated in southern refuges on both sides of the Mississippi River and hybridized as they moved northward, leading to blurred genetic distinctions.
Janet Golden is researching how demographic factors and cultural expectations shape infant care practices in the US. She will analyze baby books and family papers to understand changes in American life over the past century.