A team of University of Washington undergraduate students has developed a low-cost ultrasound system that uses a modular design and off-the-shelf parts. The system aims to improve access to maternal healthcare in developing countries, where an estimated 1,000 women die each day from childbirth-related mortality.
The Miriam Hospital will conduct research on HIV testing, treatment, and linkage to care for prison inmates, with a focus on improving follow-up care after release. The hospital aims to address the disproportionate number of HIV-positive individuals in the criminal justice system.
A study analyzing European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition data found that current hormone therapy use increases the risk of ovarian cancer by 29%. The risk did not differ by type or duration of hormone therapy, suggesting a potential long-term hazard.
Researchers have developed a three-dimensional metamaterial that captures evanescent sound waves, allowing for super-resolution acoustic imaging. The device, mounted on an ultrasound probe, can resolve image features as small as one-fiftieth of the wavelength of the sound waves.
A large-scale multicenter study is evaluating the effectiveness of therapeutic hypothermia in extending survival and reducing brain injury in infants and children after cardiac arrest. The treatment has shown promise in adult cardiac arrest patients and newborns, but its use in pediatric cases is still untested.
University of Maryland researchers developed a scheme to detect concealed radioactive material without searching containers one by one. The concept uses gamma-ray emission from the material ionizing the surrounding air, facilitated by high-power, coherent terahertz or infrared radiation.
A gene-based test accurately identified a subgroup of very high-risk smokers who accounted for over 50% of all lung cancer cases. The study found that targeting these individuals with low-dose CT screening could significantly improve the number of early-stage lung cancer cases found, making screening more cost-effective.
A study at Rice University found that female candidates are described in more communal terms, which can negatively impact their hiring chances. The researchers suggest that traditional gender schemas contribute to these biases, highlighting the need for increased awareness of subtle discrimination in academia and management roles.
Researchers identify FOXM1 as a key player in initiating human cancer by exploiting the self-renewal property of stem cells, leading to excessive cell growth and pre-cancerous conditions. The study aims to translate these findings into molecular diagnostic tests and anti-tumour drugs.
A new assessment tool, SMILEY, helps shed light on the quality of life of children with lupus around the world. The study found that parents and children perceive the disease differently, with Asian countries reporting a better quality of life than Europe or South America.
A new study finds that weekly SMS check-ins increase the likelihood of patients with HIV having undetectable viral loads, leading to better health outcomes and reduced transmission. The text-message support system showed a 12% increase in undetectable levels among participants.
Researchers have discovered a way to correct for errors in quantum computers, allowing them to work with a quarter of faulty or missing qubits. The findings bring scientists one step closer to designing and building real-life quantum computing systems that could revolutionize fields like drug design and code-breaking.
The number of aware COPD cases increased from 65% in 2008 to 69% in 2010, with smokers and nonsmokers showing significant gains. Despite progress, up to 30% of Americans are still unaware of the disease, which claims over 120,000 lives annually.
Researchers at Kyoto University have successfully developed a method using terahertz pulses to manipulate molecular networks in crystalline form. This technique softens crystals without raising temperatures, allowing for potential advances in chemical synthesis and pharmaceutical refinement.
A new study combines digital breast tomosynthesis and diffuse optical tomography to improve breast cancer diagnosis accuracy. The combined imaging system can distinguish between malignant and benign lesions, reducing unnecessary biopsies.
Frequent parent-child interactions about numbers are crucial for developing young children's mathematical knowledge. Research shows that high-frequency number talk by parents predicts better performance on standardized tests. Encouraging parents to engage in effective number-talk with their children may positively impact school achieve...
A study found significant variation in medical center performance of traditional central line-associated BSI surveillance. The researchers discovered that different institutions use varying criteria for surveillance, leading to inconsistent rates and rankings.
Researchers developed a model to mimic the stickleback's visual system, allowing them to determine what 'colors' the fish see. The results show that females can assess the quantity of carotenoids in males' signals, which is linked to his parenting ability.
A study by UT Southwestern Medical Center found that the adrenal gland hormone aldosterone increases activity in the nervous system that raises blood pressure. The research suggests that treating hypertension requires targeting not just the kidneys but also the sympathetic nervous system.
A new study by Michigan State University sociologist Harry Perlstadt finds that political ideology plays a larger role in shaping public perception of health disparities than previously thought. The research highlights the importance of understanding how the public perceives health disparities to inform health care reform strategies.
The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution will collaborate with Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute to develop new tools for analyzing underwater imagery data sets, enhancing scientific knowledge of marine ecosystems. The project aims to address challenges in converting large datasets into actionable insights.
Researchers use snapdragon flower as model to study genetic and chemical cues that shape biological structures, revealing key role of genes in controlling cell growth and orientation. The study also suggests evolutionary tinkering played a role in shaping complex forms.
Researchers at Monash University discovered that male Australian desert goby fish are strategic in their courtship, adapting to the frequency of female encounters. When females are scarce, males become less discriminating and court any female they find, regardless of size.
DARPA has awarded Carnegie Mellon a $988,000 contract to develop an autonomous flight system for the Transformer (TX) Program. The TX vehicle would transform into a VTOL air vehicle, enabling increased survivability and versatility in missions like scouting, resupply, and medical evacuation.
A study presented at the American Public Health Association's annual meeting found that excessive texting among teens is linked to poor health behaviors. Hyper-texting, defined as texting over 120 messages per day, was associated with a 40% higher risk of trying cigarettes and a 90% higher risk of having multiple sexual partners.
Mr. Glen Kim, a Mississauga teacher, has won the Ontario Genomics Institute's 2010 Genomics Teaching Prize for his innovative approach to teaching genomics research and technology. He is recognized for his ability to make complex concepts practical and engaging for students.
Researchers at UCLA have identified a molecular program that drives brain cell connections after stroke, activating genes to form new connections. The program differs between young and aged adults, with older brains slowing down recovery through simultaneous activation of repair and collapse genes.
Two Portuguese researchers are awarded $100,000 to develop a novel approach to combat malaria. By harnessing the power of human antibodies against gut flora, they aim to prevent infection immediately after mosquito bites. The project's innovative method has the potential to revolutionize malaria prevention and eradication efforts.
The study sequenced the human methylome from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, identifying allele-specific methylation differences associated with gene expression. The findings suggest that parental gene imprinting may be more common than previously thought, with implications for understanding human health and disease.
The telescope discovered two gamma-ray-emitting bubbles that span 50,000 light-years north and south of the galactic center
Research by Arizona State University's Rolf Halden found that triclosan and triclocarban persist in wastewater sludge, soils, and natural water environments, posing risks of bioaccumulation and biomagnification. These chemicals are also linked to endocrine disruption and selective pressure on microorganisms, increasing the likelihood o...
A new study reveals young offenders have a significantly higher rate of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) than expected in society. TBI was also linked to greater violence in offending and mental health problems. Researchers emphasize the need for brain injury assessment in offender management.
The Mary Kirkland Center offers personalized care to lupus patients through a team of healthcare professionals. The center provides education and research opportunities, as well as programs addressing cardiovascular health and wellness, to improve patient outcomes.
The National Cancer Institute has awarded nearly $4 million to the University of New Mexico Cancer Center and Sandia National Laboratories for a five-year partnership and training center. The award aims to advance new nanotechnology discoveries and develop cancer-relevant applications in clinical practice.
More than 1,069 tigers have been seized in tiger range countries over the past decade, with India leading the way. The seizures highlight severe poaching pressure on Indian tigers, with potentially more than 100 wild tigers being plundered each year.
A computer-automated monitoring system identified a drug-releasing stent with significantly higher rates of major adverse cardiac events compared to similar stents. The study found that automated surveillance of clinical registries can efficiently identify emerging postmarket safety risks.
Researchers analyzed data from the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort and found that long-term statin use was not associated with overall cancer incidence or increased risk of common types of cancer. Instead, it was linked to lower risks of melanoma, endometrial cancer, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Research reveals bilinguals outperform monolinguals in tasks requiring distraction-blocking and task-switching, potentially leading to improved cognitive outcomes. Bilingualism may also protect against age-related cognitive decline, including Alzheimer's disease.
A study found that physical activity reduces the risk of endometrial cancer, even among overweight women. Women exercising for 150 minutes per week had a 34% lower risk compared to inactive counterparts.
Researchers at Concordia University discovered a link between the length of the second and fourth fingers and risk-taking behavior in men. The study found that alpha males with shorter ratios were more likely to engage in recreational, social, and financial risk-taking.
Research from Tel Aviv University finds that stress and anxiety are major contributors to IVF-related depression. Hormone therapy plays a lesser role in inducing depression during IVF treatment.
A study by Oregon State University researchers found that low birth weight can cause lifelong problems processing medications. The kidneys of underweight animals had significantly less ability to process and transport drugs due to a protein called a 'drug transporter'.
A team of scientists has found that microRNAs, tiny ribonucleic acid molecules, play a crucial role in mammary gland development in mice. The absence of these molecules resulted in the complete failure of duct development in the mammary glands of mice.
Weill Cornell Medical College has received $200,000 in new funding from the Gates Foundation for tuberculosis research. The grants will support projects led by Dr. Carl Nathan and Dr. Kyu Rhee, aiming to understand the genetic mechanism of TB emergence from latency and develop new therapies.
Researchers discover that amyloid beta disrupts an anti-oxidant protein called catalase, causing neural damage. A new coating molecule protects catalase from amyloid's harmful effects, restoring its function and potentially treating Alzheimer's disease.
The Sustainable Uplands project gives UK uplands a voice through ouruplands.co.uk, highlighting their diversity and importance. The platform showcases video-clips, written accounts, and artwork from various stakeholders, including farmers, landowners, and policy-makers.
A study published in Archives of Neurology found that stroke patients who show improvement within one hour of receiving rt-PA are more likely to have a favorable outcome three months later. Researchers followed 120 patients and found that 68.2% had a favorable outcome, compared to 29.6% for those who did not show early improvement.
Researchers will test culturally relevant intervention, behavior activation (BA), to prevent cognitive decline in older African-Americans with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The 24-month study aims to demonstrate that BA can boost public health efforts and encourage active lifestyles.
Despite strong evidence of its effectiveness, only one-third of eligible young women complete the recommended three-dose regimen for the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Persistent infection with certain HPV types may lead to cervical cancer.
Research suggests that frequent conversation about numbers in early childhood can significantly impact later mathematics achievement. The study found individual differences in mathematical knowledge by preschool, and parents' number talk played a crucial role in these variations.
Scientists at Rockefeller University have discovered a new class of dendritic cells, called monocyte-derived dendritic cells, that can be derived from blood monocytes. These cells have been shown to have the same functional properties as classical dendritic cells and are promising for therapeutic uses in humans.
Researchers propose a novel approach to prevent both unintended pregnancies and HIV transmission by utilizing nanoparticles that carry melittin, a toxin derived from honeybee venom. The nanobees will target and destroy sperm and HIV cells through a fusion process.
A systematic review found that probiotics shortened diarrhoea episodes by around a day and reduced the risk of prolonged episodes by 59% in patients with diarrhoeal diseases. No serious adverse effects were reported.
Researchers have developed a simple method to fabricate free-standing polymer membranes with precisely patterned holes, opening up potential applications in microfluidics. The technique uses photolithography and prepolymer, allowing for easy fabrication of membranes with accurate sizes and shapes.
Professor Eamonn Keogh will use the grant to develop automatic insect sensors that can detect and classify mosquitoes at a low cost. The project aims to understand mosquito movement to combat malaria, which kills nearly one million people worldwide each year.
Swiss researchers found that mountain ranges offer habitat diversity that may be crucial for species survival under changing climate conditions. The study suggests that these regions are 'safer' places to live, with only a small percentage of temperature conditions disappearing.
A new screening test, Sweet 16, can detect dementia in elderly patients more rapidly, providing an alternative to the Mini-Mental State Examination. The tool has been shown to accurately characterize mental status without influencing patient education or sociodemographic factors.
A European Observational Study found low discontinuation rates and sustained virologic suppression with REYATAZ/ritonavir-based regimens over five years. The study, which included 1,294 ARV-experienced patients, showed that 75% of those with baseline HIV-1 RNA levels <50 copies/mL remained suppressed after three years.
Researchers have developed a non-invasive technique using microwaves to measure vital signs, such as heart rate and stress levels. The system detects changes in reflected waves caused by body movements, allowing for near-real-time monitoring.
USDA researchers are developing constructed soils to build better, less-costly sports fields, raingardens, and lawns on degraded land. The most promising mixture includes quarry byproducts and composted chicken litter, which reduces rain runoff and erosion.
Researchers found that women treated with aromatase inhibitors experience a wide range of side effects, including hot flashes, fatigue, and breast sensitivity. The study suggests that addressing these side effects is crucial for improving treatment adherence and patient outcomes.
Kent State University geology professors Rodney Feldmann and Carrie Schweitzer report on the discovery of a 360-million-year-old fossil shrimp in Oklahoma. The ancient crustacean's muscles are remarkably well-preserved, providing valuable insights into its evolution.
A study reveals distinct brain development patterns between Neanderthals and modern humans, particularly after birth. The findings suggest that unique early brain development in modern humans may underlie cognitive differences.
A study by Diandong Ren finds that rising global temperatures decrease wind speeds, reducing the power output of wind turbines. This means that more wind turbines are needed to achieve the same amount of energy production, highlighting the need for a switch to renewable energy sources earlier.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have found a series of indicators associated with elderly depression beyond mood changes, including verbal aggression, urinary incontinence and weight loss. These findings suggest that timely diagnosis and treatment can improve quality of life for nursing home residents.
A survey of UK businesses found that they partner with researchers for service development, human resource management, training, and marketing. Academics also engage in a wide range of knowledge exchange activities, but face constraints such as lack of time and resources.
Researchers from Argentina have successfully created a new type of Foucault pendulum that is smaller and more efficient than traditional devices. The new pendulums, which are designed to be compact enough to fit in a lobby or classroom, use advanced techniques to reduce the elliptical drift of the pendulum and improve precision.
A NYU scientist concludes that Charles Darwin's theory of gradual evolution is not supported by geological history. Instead, Scottish horticulturist Patrick Matthew proposed a more accurate theory, highlighting the role of catastrophic mass extinctions in driving evolutionary changes.
A new University of California, Davis study suggests that the global oil supply will run dry within 90 years, far before replacement technologies are ready. The forecast is based on market capitalizations and dividend payments from publicly owned oil and alternative energy companies.
A study in England found that coronary heart disease mortality rates vary greatly between local populations due to factors such as low socioeconomic status, white ethnicity, smoking levels, and diabetes. The study suggests that programs to reduce mortality should target population characteristics rather than healthcare services.
Adults who drink 100 percent fruit juice have improved nutrient intake, exceeding recommended levels for calcium and potassium, while meeting vitamin A and C needs. The study supports the role of fruit juice as a nutrient-dense beverage, encouraging its inclusion as part of a balanced diet.
Research found that obese adolescents are more likely to develop severe obesity in adulthood, with higher risks for women and black women. The study tracked 8,834 individuals from adolescence to adulthood, finding a significant association between adolescent obesity and severe obesity in adulthood.
Researchers found Tuberous Bushcricket produces large testes but less sperm per ejaculate, defying traditional thinking. The study suggests males use larger testes to mate repeatedly without exhausting their sperm reserves.
A trial in Kenya found that using text messages to help patients adhere to their treatment improves absolute adherence rates by 12% and numbers achieving viral load suppression by 9%. Patients who received SMS support were more likely to report adherence to ART.
A majority of Americans supports increased spending on public health in general, but there is a partisan divide and divisions within specific areas. Meanwhile, most people believe the US is not spending enough on improving and protecting public health, and many see long-term savings from measures to improve health and prevention.
Elsevier will donate 10% of its revenue to MSF for all subscriptions to MD Consult, purchased between Nov. 15 and Dec. 31, 2010. This campaign aims to provide medical assistance and support to people around the world affected by war, natural disasters, and other crises.
A study by the American Association for Cancer Research found that 90% of children exposed to a smoker at home had detectable levels of tobacco carcinogens in their urine. The researchers also discovered a direct correlation between cigarettes smoked per day and tobacco metabolites in the children.
A study by the University of Leicester found that undetected high blood pressure is associated with a higher risk of dying from coronary heart disease. The research reveals that areas with greater deprivation, more smokers, and more people with diabetes have a higher mortality rate from coronary heart disease.
Cyclone Jal's remnants have been spotted in the Arabian Sea, with NASA monitoring their movement. The low-pressure area showed signs of circulation and convection on Nov. 9, indicating a potential for regeneration.
A study published in the Journal of Affective Disorders suggests that depression is associated with increased activity of the Clock gene, which regulates circadian rhythm. This finding could lead to personalized treatment approaches for people with depression, such as light therapy or antidepressants targeting melatonin.
Edo Waks and Ian Spielman, JQI fellows, receive PECASE awards for innovative research in nanophotonics and quantum simulation. The prestigious award recognizes their commitment to scientific leadership and community outreach.
Researchers have developed a new type of heart pump to improve the survival rate for infants undergoing surgeries to correct univentricular circulation. The innovative 'viscous impeller pump' can be inserted through a catheter and expands to form two cones, spinning at 10,000 rpm to efficiently pump blood.
A recent genetic study has overturned current thinking on the origins of European farming populations. The research, published in PLOS Biology, found that these early farmers were more closely related to populations living in modern-day Turkey, Iraq, and other parts of the Ancient Near East than to local hunter-gatherers.
A new initiative by Oregon State University aims to enhance science literacy among rural Americans through free-choice learning opportunities. The program seeks to tap into local scientific expertise, organize events, and create adult 'science clubs' across the nation.
A novel lab-on-chip device has been developed to screen sensitive membrane proteins in parallel, utilizing a nano-fabricated chip with 50,000 nanopores. This technology preserves protein structure without organic solvents or solid support, enabling simultaneous analysis and preserving fragile protein function.
A new study found that infants with cystic fibrosis have reduced IGF1 levels compared to healthy infants, suggesting that IGF1 deficits begin early in the course of CF disease. This could lead to new therapies for growth defects in people with CF.
A new Cochrane systematic review found that changing family behavior can help prevent relapses in people with schizophrenia. The study analyzed data from 53 trials involving over 4,700 patients and showed significant benefits of family interventions, including reduced hospital admissions and improved social functioning.
Presenteeism, a measure of productivity loss due to health issues, may be overreported. The University of Michigan's School of Kinesiology suggests a three-year moratorium on studies due to inaccurate calculations and limited data collection methods.
A new study by University of Rochester Medical Center found that children with high blood pressure are four times more likely to have cognitive problems. Among the study's 201 patients, 101 had hypertension and 18% had learning disabilities, compared to 9% among those without hypertension.
A recent study found that fewer than 30% of eligible young women choose to receive the HPV vaccine to prevent cervical cancer. The majority of those who start the vaccination process fail to complete the recommended three doses. African-American women are less likely to complete all three doses compared to white women.
A new study suggests that multidetector computed tomography (CT) can pinpoint the causes of ischemic strokes, potentially reducing treatment delays. The technique detected cardiac sources in 18 of 25 cases and facilitated stroke classification in 83% of patients.
A study of over 46,500 prostate cancer patients found that long-term androgen deprivation therapy increases the risk of fractures, especially among older men with pre-existing conditions. The therapy was associated with a 20% increase in first fracture risk and a 57% increased risk of second fractures.