Researchers have developed miniature solar cells that can release chemotherapeutic drugs directly to tumors, reducing systemic side effects. The devices convert light into electric current and can be controlled by varying the intensity of light.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine will examine the long-term effects of intrauterine cocaine and substance exposure on young adults' resilience. The study, which monitors participants since birth, aims to identify factors that foster resilience in the face of adversity.
Researchers found that some negative personality traits, such as caution and skepticism, were associated with improved leadership development and performance. The study suggests that a nuanced approach to leadership may be necessary, taking into account individual traits and context.
Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have discovered a new pathway involving multiple cell types that contributes to the development of Type 1 Gaucher disease. This knowledge could lead to more effective and less expensive treatments, including a small molecule substrate inhibitor in pill form.
A study by Jeremy Brooke Straughn found that American religiosity is becoming more diverse, yet perceptions of Christianity as a dominant force are intensifying. This trend coincides with the decline of Protestantism and the rise of religious diversity, highlighting the need to consider the impact of religion on national identity.
The study predicts that severe and prolonged droughts will affect much of the globe in the next 30 years, with dry conditions increasing substantially across Eurasia, Africa, Australia, and parts of North America. By the end of the century, densely populated regions may face extreme drought conditions.
A recent study published in the Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health found that exposure to Kilauea's vog increases health risks, including headaches, sore throats, and acute airway problems. Children and adolescents are particularly vulnerable due to their nose-breathing habits.
Research finds that patients receiving a combination of ketamine and propofol have a faster recovery time and less severe side effects compared to using ketamine alone. The study, conducted by Drs. Amit Shah et al., included 136 children treated in the Paediatric Emergency Department.
A new study finds that the CYP2E1 gene is associated with low sensitivity to alcohol and increased risk of alcoholism. The researchers suggest that this gene may be used as a predictor for individuals at risk of developing alcoholism.
Scientists found significant brain changes in response to drinking among dopamine receptor-deficient mice, suggesting genetic influence on alcohol's effects. This study supports the idea that genetic screening could help individuals understand risks associated with alcohol consumption.
A study analyzing 180 university campuses reveals that factors such as regulatory pressures, financial constraints, and stakeholder opinions significantly impact adoption of sustainable practices. Smaller institutions may benefit from subsidies or technical assistance to adopt green initiatives and attract environmentally conscious stu...
The H1N1 pandemic showed the need for faster vaccine production and clear communication to address risks to vulnerable populations. The delay in vaccine manufacturing and unclear messages hindered efforts, resulting in significant years of life lost among younger age groups.
The White House Science Fair highlights the achievements of selected Lemelson-MIT InvenTeams, including students from Arizona and Tennessee who developed a physical therapy chair and a water purifier. The fair aims to inspire youth to engage in STEM activities and pursue careers in these fields.
Research finds pentoxifylline improves NASH, reducing fat and inflammation; vitamin E also shows promise in improving liver histology independently of insulin resistance. Studies suggest new treatment options for overweight individuals with liver disease.
A consortium of educators from around the world is urging a radical transformation in international educational reform to address the complexity and diversity of perspective in the 21st century. The group's website outlines 11 principles for rethinking curricula that lack continuity, collaboration, and shared vision.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a new 3D cell culture method that better mimics the in vivo environment, allowing for more accurate study of infectious diseases. This innovation has the potential to expand our understanding of disease onset and progression, and could lead to the development of novel therapeutics.
A genome-wide association study of 2,622 patients with psoriasis and 5,667 healthy individuals has identified six regions of the genome associated with the condition. The study found evidence for an interaction between two associated regions – HLA-C and ERAP1, providing new insights into psoriasis susceptibility.
A new study found that fructose intolerance is common in children with recurrent or functional abdominal pain, affecting 53.9% of patients. A low-fructose diet was effective in resolving symptoms in 67.7% of patients, highlighting the importance of identifying and managing this condition.
Scientists at University of Cambridge discover how sloths evolved their unique neck skeleton, finding early bone formation in distal neck vertebrae. The study reveals that sloth's bottom neck vertebrae are developmentally similar to ribcage vertebrae of other mammals.
Researchers will investigate microbial community diversity, structure, and responses to climate change in two ecosystems. The studies could inform U.S. policy on climate change and advance the field of microbial ecology.
Researchers at Queensland University of Technology have identified a specific vitamin E constituent that can inhibit the growth of prostate tumors. The treatment, tocotrienol (T3), has shown promise in animal trials, with complete inhibition of tumor formation in over 70% of mice implanted with prostate cancer cells.
Rice University scientists used evolutionary theory to show that globalization makes the global economy more sensitive to recessionary shocks and recovers more slowly from them. The researchers found a trend of increasing modularity in the trade network since 1969, but also a brief increase in modularity after each recession.
Researchers have discovered a crucial mechanism for regulating gene expression, where noncoding RNAs interact with DNA to silence specific genes. This breakthrough sheds light on the complex interactions between epigenetic regulation and noncoding RNA molecules.
Researchers have developed a new method to explore the olfactory system in mammals, revealing that there are many more information output channels leaving the olfactory bulb than previously thought. This complexity may help the brain rapidly make accurate odor distinctions.
Researchers warn of 'dire' funding situation for biological research databases, highlighting the need for long-term sustainability. A study reviews business models and suggests a global change in funding policies is necessary to support cyberinfrastructure.
A new study found that clenching muscles can increase willpower by activating the mind-body connection. Participants who tightened their muscles demonstrated greater ability to withstand pain and make healthy choices.
Studies reveal notable disparities in colorectal cancer diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes among different racial groups. African Americans are advised to start screening at age 45, while Hispanics have lower screening rates and worse survival rates after diagnosis. The findings suggest that earlier screening may be recommended for His...
A research team at Brown University has discovered a key chemical process involved in the development of cancer, particularly breast cancer. The study found that prolactin receptors can come together to form a structure that picks up growth factors leading to cancerous growth.
A study found that shoppers are more likely to buy unhealthy foods when paying with credit or debit cards. The authors suggest this is due to the psychological pain of payment, which can curb impulsive behavior. This connection may be linked to the rising obesity epidemic in the US.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Cancer Center found that combining curcumin with Cisplatin suppresses head and neck cancer cell growth, slowing tumor progression. The study showed that curcumin regulates cell cycling, inhibiting cancer-promoting NFκB.
Rural Cogeneration has developed a solar generator that can bring electricity to remote areas worldwide. The project uses a Rankine engine and mirrors to generate power and hot water, with plans to manufacture locally and train local maintenance personnel.
Researchers at the University of Leeds discovered a 100-million-year-old gene mutation that led to differences in how plants produce male and female parts. The study found that the mutation, which occurred around 20 million years ago, creates a new role for one of the duplicate genes, enabling it to make both male and female parts.
Research suggests a connection between vitamin D levels and skin cancer risk in individuals with basal cell nevus syndrome. Patients with this condition are found to be more likely to have low vitamin D levels, even when taking sun protection measures.
Lowering STEP protein levels reversed cognitive deficits in mice with Alzheimer's disease, according to a Yale University study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The research found that reducing STEP levels is sufficient to reverse cognitive defects in mice without the Alzheimer's mutation.
Researchers at MU found that celebrity health stories can have a positive impact on consumers, with readers considering context and weighing moral implications before judging a behavior. The study suggests that experienced consumers are more likely to respond strongly to health messages from celebrities.
A new study found that an intestinal enzyme helps maintain a healthy balance of beneficial bacteria in the gut, potentially preventing serious health issues. The enzyme, IAP, blocks toxic molecules on pathogenic bacteria and restores beneficial E. coli strains after antibiotic treatment.
Researchers found that naturally raised steers can be produced effectively in either confinement or pasture finishing systems, but require a premium of $110 to justify costs. Pasture finishing is more profitable and results in higher quality grades.
Studies found that acid reflux and functional dyspepsia patients are more likely to experience disordered sleep, with exercise and routine decreasing the risk. Baclofen and esomeprazole show promise as treatments for improving sleep quality in nighttime heartburn sufferers.
A National Stroke Association survey reveals that 53% of stroke survivors suffer from pseudobulbar affect (PBA), a condition causing involuntary laughter or crying. PBA symptoms interfere with daily activities and relationships, but few are aware of the condition.
A study analyzing H1N1 antibody levels suggests a third wave is unlikely in 2010. Adults aged 50-79 years are at a higher risk of severe outcomes if infected.
A systematic review of 22 studies with over 2.5 million participants found a statistically significant reduction in colorectal cancer risk among statin users. Long-term use of statins, particularly lipophilic types like atorvastatin, was associated with the strongest effect.
A consortium of researchers has designed an early phase safety trial to assess mosaic vaccines in humans. The trial aims to test the mosaic concept and potentially lead to the next generation of HIV vaccine candidates.
Studies found that obese individuals have impaired autonomic function, leading to overeating. Obestatin levels were also linked to weight loss after bariatric surgery. Researchers hope to pursue obestatin as a potential indicator of surgery efficacy.
Research published in the Oxford Journal Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience found that exposure to violent media can lead to decreased brain activation in regions involved in emotions and emotional responses. This desensitization can result in increased acceptance of violence and a reduced likelihood of forming consequences wi...
Researchers found that people spend more money on purchases for themselves when they feel powerful and less when powerless. However, those in high-power states tend to be happier when bidding for someone else, not themselves.
Researchers found that bacteria from the mouth and gut can enter the body and contribute to inflammation and plaque rupture in atherosclerosis. The study identified specific bacteria, such as Pseudomonas luteola and Chlamydia pneumoniae, which were present in both atherosclerotic plaques and the mouths and guts of patients.
New studies by Michigan Medicine's Child Health Evaluation and Research Unit found no increase in the number of nurse practitioners and physician assistants entering pediatric care, despite overall increases. Healthcare systems need to rethink future plans as they transition to caring for an aging population.
A Colorado liability insurance database revealed that wrong-site and wrong-patient procedures continued to occur after nationwide steps to prevent them. The study found that non-surgical disciplines also contribute to patient injuries related to wrong-site procedures.
A team of geophysicists led by Harry Green at UC Riverside presents evidence contradicting the widely-held view that large amounts of water are carried to the deep mantle in subducting slabs. The study suggests that these slabs are essentially dry, with no pathway for significant amounts of water to enter the lower mantle.
A study found that removing 2mm around invasive breast cancer tumors reduces residual disease in 98% of patients, according to a research published in the International Journal of Clinical Practice. The study also showed that patients with non-invasive cancer have higher rates of residual disease.
The new guidelines, published by Elsevier, provide detailed advice for healthcare professionals on how to treat cardiac arrest and continue treatment after the heart has been restarted. In many cases, therapeutic hypothermia is recommended to increase survival rates.
New evidence supports the power of open access in increasing citation impact for higher-quality research. The study found that mandatory and self-selected open access articles have similar citation impacts, contradicting the self-selection bias hypothesis.
Researchers found new mechanisms of protease activation, which helps spread cancer. The loss of protease inhibitors antiplasmin and antithrombin occur more in blood from cancer patients compared to healthy persons' blood.
Early evaluation and intervention are critical for vaccinated children with hearing loss due to pneumococcal meningitis. Successful treatment involves simultaneous cochlear implantation in both ears, often within 36.8 days of diagnosis, to preserve potential for binaural hearing.
A survey of patients undergoing skin cancer screening reveals that women are more likely to seek screening due to a skin lesion, family history, or sun exposure concerns. In contrast, men over 50 tend to only seek screenings after a previous skin cancer diagnosis.
A new Penn study has found a class of drug that can enter the brain and stabilize degenerating neurons in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. The epothilone D class of microtubule-stabilizing drugs may offer hope for treatment by restoring microtubule tracks to their original supportive structure.
A new study found that beauty product ads lower female consumers' self-esteem by making them compare their attractiveness levels to the products. The study also showed that problem-solving products do not have this effect, suggesting a specific impact of beauty-enhancing products on consumer perception.
Researchers have identified a potential therapeutic target for basal-like ER-negative breast cancer. High levels of the protein NOS2 are associated with poor survival in these patients. Selective NOS2 inhibitors may offer new treatment options for this aggressive subtype.
Two Japanese research teams have reported breakthrough studies in liver cell transplantation, with one team finding that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) can differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells and another team successfully transplanting porcine hepatocytes into mice with acute liver failure, highlighting progress in overcomin...
Mutualist systems may play crucial roles in global ecosystem health, but human impacts are forcing them down unprecedented evolutionary paths. Research suggests that small changes or shifts in mutualistic relationships could be the most potent global disruptions.