A new transdermal patch has been developed to deliver HIV medication over seven days, offering a more convenient and affordable option for patients. The patch shows significant potential in reducing the number of pills patients need to take daily, as well as decreasing shipping costs.
A recent study by Erin Cech found that women engineering students develop less confidence in their engineering expertise and career fit compared to men, leading to lower persistence rates. The study suggests that subtle biases and cultural ideologies contribute to this issue.
Research on rats found that strawberry extract reduced stomach damage caused by alcohol consumption. The study suggests that strawberries' antioxidant properties may help prevent gastric illnesses related to free radicals.
A low-fat diet with fish oil supplements slowed the growth of prostate cancer cells in human tissue compared to a traditional Western diet. The men on the low-fat diet also showed changes in cell membrane composition, increasing omega-3 fatty acids and decreasing omega-6 fatty acids.
Researchers developed a blood test that measures lung protein levels to quantify smoking-related effects on heart disease. Smokers with high lung protein levels are more likely to develop dangerous plaque buildup in blood vessels.
A new study by University of North Carolina Health Care reveals that obesity impairs the immune system's ability to fight flu viruses. The research found that obese individuals experience a decline in antibody levels and defective CD8+ T cells after receiving the annual flu shot, making them more susceptible to flu illness.
The STROBE-ME guidelines provide a checklist for accurately reporting molecular epidemiology studies, aiming to clarify mechanisms, identify disease susceptibility, and improve diagnoses. By using these guidelines, researchers can strengthen the reporting of their studies and ensure transparent findings.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a more efficient method for converting corn stover into cellulosic ethanol by separating its three distinct parts: the rind, pith, and leaves. This new approach enables better utilization of enzymes to break down cellulose, resulting in increased ethanol production with reduced costs.
A meta-analysis found that licensed influenza vaccines in the USA have critical gaps in evidence for effectiveness, especially in high-risk individuals and those over 65. The study suggests a need for more highly effective and cross-protective vaccines to combat seasonal influenza and potential pandemics.
A study found that patients with certain genetic variants related to clopidogrel metabolism and platelet function are at higher risk of developing blood clots within coronary stents. The researchers identified three key genetic factors and two modifiable clinical factors that increase the risk of early stent thrombosis
A study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B found that land-based vertebrates suffered massive extinctions, with approximately 78% of genera perishing. The survivors formed 'disaster taxa' that dominated their ecological niches, leading to boom-and-bust cycles and instability in ecosystems.
Researchers found reduced levels of SP4 protein in the brains of patients with bipolar disorder, which may contribute to altered patterns of nerve cells and cellular structure. Normalization of SP4 levels could be a relevant pharmacological strategy for treating mood disorders.
A panel of blood proteins can predict patient survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, guiding treatment plans and identifying those in urgent need of a lung transplant. The biomarker panel has predictive power that may also help design more effective research trials.
Researchers found that four-year-olds conformed their public judgment of a situation to the majority of peers despite better knowledge. This conformity plays a crucial role in acquiring group-specific behavior. In the study, only 40% of children conformed at least once, indicating some level of peer pressure on young minds.
A team of Johns Hopkins University students has engineered yeast cells to produce beta-carotene, a precursor to vitamin A, using synthetic biology. Their project, VitaYeast, aims to provide a simple and affordable way to combat severe malnutrition in impoverished areas.
The southern pine beetle is the most destructive forest pest in the US, causing significant economic and ecological harm. The new synthesis, Southern Pine Beetle II, updates research on the insect's biology, ecology, and management, providing current state-of-the-art knowledge.
A team of international researchers, led by computer scientist Kevin Knight, has finally broken the 75,000-character Copiale Cipher after centuries. The decoded message reveals rituals and political leanings of an 18th-century German secret society, shedding new light on its role in history.
A six-month randomized controlled trial found no added benefit from high-dose vitamin D over and above ongoing low-dose vitamin D supplementation in treating relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. The study involved 23 participants with MS, who received either high-dose or placebo high-dose vitamin D, and showed no significant differe...
A study by the American Society of Nephrology found that taking blood pressure-lowering medications at bedtime improves blood pressure control and reduces the risk of heart problems. Patients who took their medications before bed had better outcomes than those who took them in the morning.
A new report reviews over 70 mentoring program evaluations and confirms that mentoring programs confer many benefits across behavioral, social, emotional, and academic domains. However, improvements in youth outcomes tend to be modest and it's unclear how well such gains hold up over time.
A prospective study of over 72,000 participants found that women who consumed more than three cups of coffee per day had a 20% reduced risk for BCC, while men had a nine percent risk reduction. The study suggests that coffee consumption may be an important option to help prevent BCC.
Researchers have developed a compact Raman spectrograph that can monitor blood sugar levels without daily finger pricks. The new design is five to 20 times smaller than previous models, enabling the creation of portable devices that could also detect other disease markers and identify cancerous tissue.
A team of scientists led by Thomas E. DeCoursey discovered a gene in dinoflagellates that controls voltage-gated proton channels, found also in humans and other species, with bioluminescence and potential applications in controlling deadly red tides
Researchers found that antidepressants given to rats during development led to brain abnormalities and behavioral traits similar to autism spectrum disorder. The study suggests a potential link between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and the rise in developmental disorders in children.
The Monell Center has received a $2 million NIH Core grant to enhance technological and research services. The funding will support three Research Cores providing specialized expert services, equipment, and training in chemical senses research techniques.
A new device developed at the University of Sheffield enables real-time monitoring of liquid flow and rheology, making it easier to control product properties. The technology ensures that companies producing liquids can incorporate the device into their development process, reducing costs and improving efficiency.
A French study found that non-targeted HIV rapid test screening in emergency departments identified only a few new cases, often at late stages and among patients in high-risk groups who had been tested previously. The study suggests that targeted HIV screening strategies may be more effective in controlling the epidemic.
Researchers identified a specific rare mutation, CFH R1210C, associated with advanced AMD and visual loss in patients. This discovery suggests that loss of CFH function drives AMD risk, pointing to new treatments for high-risk individuals.
The 'Britain on Trial: Young Voices Speak Out' event brings together young people with leading writers, artists, academics, and activists to discuss challenges and develop ideas for change. Participants create and share their own creative responses to social issues using performance-poetry, art, and drama.
Researchers have developed a biosensor using carbon nanotubes that can detect salmonella bacteria, offering a potential solution to preventing food poisoning. The device's sensitivity and specificity make it a promising tool for controlling food safety outbreaks.
Research by Guillermo Campitelli and Fernand Gobet found that deliberate practice is necessary to achieve mastery in skills like chess. However, the duration of practice alone does not guarantee success. Other factors such as intelligence, handedness, and working memory also contribute to an individual's ability to excel in these areas.
New research reveals that spinal cord injuries are associated with a higher risk of developing heart disease, particularly in individuals with autonomic dysfunction. The study suggests that screening the autonomic system may be beneficial in evaluating cardiovascular health in spinal cord patients.
A study found yoga classes to be more effective in reducing symptoms and improving function for patients with chronic low back pain compared to a self-care book. Stretching exercises also showed moderate benefits in reducing back pain, suggesting that the mental component of yoga may not be the primary factor in its effectiveness.
A study found that rats given a commonly prescribed antidepressant during development exhibited brain abnormalities and behaviors characteristic of autism spectrum disorders. The researchers suggest that taking SSRIs during pregnancy may contribute to the rise in developmental disorders in children.
A tele-ICU service in Georgia reduced hospital transfers and saved $240,000 by providing guideline-recommended treatments within 24 hours. Researchers also found that serum albumin levels can help differentiate between types of shock, improving outcomes.
Researchers at Boston University present a new approach to accessing novel, biologically active molecules by remodeling natural product derivatives. The method involves highly efficient chemical reactions and has the potential to identify pharmacological tools for CNS research, oncology, and anti-infective agents.
Researchers found a 60% decrease in marten detections since the 1980s due to habitat degradation. Suitable habitat for martens has decreased by 25% since the 1980s.
Young children exposed to harsh punishment are more likely to lie and better at telling convincing lies than those from non-punitive schools, a study suggests. The research found that children in punitive environments could deceive even older children, challenging existing theories on cognitive development.
Motherhood is associated with changes in brain function, particularly in the auditory cortex, enabling mothers to recognize and respond to pup distress calls. The study shows a rapid appearance of olfactory-auditory integration in lactating mothers.
Researchers discovered that A-beta oligomers form calcium-permeable pores in the plasma membrane, inducing excess calcium influx into cells. This influx disrupts synaptic signaling and stimulates cell death, contributing to neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers have developed a novel oral treatment for leishmaniasis, showing a significant decrease in infection after less than five days of treatment. The treatment is tropically stable and less toxic than current IV therapy, offering hope to millions of people infected worldwide.
A new study links obesity to increased airway hyperresponsiveness, indicating that obesity is a risk factor for asthma. Meanwhile, specialists' awareness of asthma guidelines does not necessarily lead to better adherence and implementation of management practices.
Thomas Jefferson High School has become the first high school to subscribe to JoVE, a video-based research journal. The school's advanced equipment and digital resources will help students learn complex experimental techniques more effectively. This partnership aims to inspire future scientists by exposing them to cutting-edge research...
A study found Detroit has the highest lung cancer mortality rate in the US, while researchers identified conflicting diagnostic standards for COPD that may lead to overdiagnosis or underdiagnosis. Canadian patients with COPD exacerbations were more likely to delay medical attention compared to international counterparts.
Researchers have identified four new 'ZIP codes' in the human blood vessel network that could help fight cancer, obesity and other diseases. These shared addresses were found to be associated with specific receptors and ligands, opening up new avenues for targeted therapies.
A new five-year, $1 million grant enables Michigan State University to develop an intensive three-year residency curriculum focused on primary care mental health. The program aims to improve training for primary care physicians in caring for patients with mental health needs.
The ConocoPhillips Energy Prize has been awarded to Altaeros Energies for their innovative airborne tethered wind turbine technology, which can supply 100 kilowatts of electricity without using fossil fuels. This technology has the potential to revolutionize remote energy needs and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers found that UK doctors are reluctant to cite smoking as a cause of death on death certificates due to concerns about stigmatizing the deceased. In contrast, alcohol was cited as a cause in over half of cases linked to excessive drinking.
A new analysis of recent eye health studies shows that more time spent outdoors is related to reduced rates of nearsightedness in children and adolescents. Exposure to natural light and looking at distant objects may be key factors.
A new eye-tracking study found that consumers' self-reported viewing of Nutrition Facts label components was higher than objectively measured viewing. Centrally located labels were viewed more frequently and for longer periods than those located peripherally, with key nutrients nearer the top being viewed most often.
Researchers found that left-handed individuals are more likely to have bilateral limb movements, a potential indicator of PLMD. Additionally, patients treated with CPAP experience significant weight gain due to reduced energy expenditure. Pregnant women carrying multiples are also at higher risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), while ...
A study funded by the NIH found that perinatal exposure to antidepressants in rats led to stunted brain growth, abnormal behavior, and miswired brain circuitry. The researchers discovered reduced neuronal density and faulty communication between the brain's hemispheres.
A meta-analysis of 18 studies found that acetaminophen use was associated with a 33% increased risk for renal cell carcinoma, while nonaspirin NSAIDs were linked with a 26% increased risk. Aspirin use showed no significant association.
A recent study found that applying mechanical forces to a wound site immediately after healing began can disrupt vascular growth and prevent bone healing. However, delaying the application of mechanical stress until later in the healing process can enhance functional bone regeneration through adaptive remodeling.
Researchers have identified new lung health concerns, including the escalating use of bath salts as recreational drugs and their potential to cause significant agitation, paranoia, and hallucinations. Additionally, caffeinated alcoholic beverages have been linked to adverse effects in patients with chronic medical conditions.
Researchers analyzed ancient pottery for signs of terrestrial, marine, and freshwater organisms, finding that fish and aquatic resources continued to be exploited after the advent of farming. This suggests a gradual transition from hunting to agriculture in Western Europe, challenging previous assumptions about the abrupt shift.
Researchers have identified two new drugs that may be effective in treating bipolar disorder, a condition characterized by mood swings between mania and depression. The drugs target the NKA enzyme and ERK protein, which are abnormally active in people with bipolar disorder.
Biodesign researchers are developing a state-of-the-art pipeline to generate synthetic affinity reagents called 'DNA synbodies' to study protein function and disease. The goal is to create low-cost, high-quality reagents for the entire human proteome, revolutionizing molecular medicine.
Tropical Storm Rina is forming and strengthening in the western Caribbean Sea, with heavy rainfall affecting Honduras and the Cayman Islands. The storm has a large area of heavy rainfall extending towards the northeast from eastern Honduras.
Researchers report a significant spike in bath salt-related poisoning incidents, with over 1,700 cases since 2011. The substances' stimulant content can cause violent behavior, hallucinations, and paranoia, highlighting the need for federal regulation.