Native American communities have the highest alcohol-related death rates, but how and why this is prevalent remains unclear. The new five-year MERIT award will investigate early underage drinking's impact on risk for alcoholism and develop culturally relevant treatment programs.
A literature review suggests that some stroke patients can receive treatment beyond the standard 3-hour window, with brain cells remaining structurally intact and potentially revivable if normal blood flow is restored. This finding could enable doctors to provide better patient care by considering the 'tissue window' rather than just time
Sotirios G. Ziavras, a professor at NJIT's Electrical and Computer Engineering department, has received the Excellence in Graduate Instruction Award. He is also an internationally recognized expert in advanced computer architecture, embedded computing systems, and parallel processing.
A study of men with enlarged prostate found that increasing saw palmetto dosage did not improve urinary symptoms, contrary to previous studies. The study, published in JAMA, suggests that higher doses may not offer additional benefits over placebo.
A systemic review found atypical antipsychotics like aripiprazole, olanzapine, and risperidone to be effective for behavioral symptoms in dementia and generalized anxiety disorder. However, evidence did not support their use for substance abuse or eating disorders, highlighting the need for cautious prescribing.
Researchers found significant benefits of atypical antipsychotics in reducing symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and behavioral symptoms in elderly patients with dementia. However, evidence for efficacy was insufficient for treating eating disorders, substance abuse, and insomnia.
The Austen BioInnovation Institute's Accountable Care Community (ACC) initiative aims to improve the health status and healthcare delivery in Akron, focusing on chronic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. The project will gather a group of health providers from nearly every community outpost to develop a blueprint guiding Akron's de...
Key findings highlight the need for health policy and systems research to improve access and coverage of existing interventions. Epidemiological research is also essential to address knowledge gaps in childhood pneumonia.
A $2.5 million NSF grant will support a program aimed at enhancing the public's understanding of science, engineering, and energy through community-based activities in Pennsylvania counties with natural gas exploration and production. The project will provide opportunities for residents to gain skills in scientific inquiry and build an...
Researchers found a positive association between HRT use and asthma hospitalizations, with women taking the drug for over 10 years facing a higher risk. The study suggests that women on HRT may need to consider stopping hormone therapy if they experience severe asthma symptoms.
Researchers from the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have identified a 'programmed cell death' pathway in parasitic worms that could one day lead to new treatments for schistosomiasis. The discovery was made by studying programmed cell death in human cells, where the team found similarities with the process in fluke worms.
Researchers found that high-status individuals tend to trust others more in initial encounters due to positive expectations of others' motives. In a workplace setting, this means that bosses may be more trusting during initial encounters with employees.
Children's National study finds lovastatin improves verbal and nonverbal memory, visual attention, and efficiency in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. The Phase I study suggests a potential therapeutic agent for treating cognitive deficits in NF1 patients.
USDA researchers explore the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to monitor changing land-use patterns in western rangelands. The results show that aerial data can be comparable to information gathered through ground-based surveys, with potential applications for erosion control and invasive species monitoring.
Scientists at Virginia Tech and Penn have identified two enzymes, peptidases, as potential targets for new anti-malarial drugs. The researchers developed chemical genetic tools to specifically inhibit these enzymes, blocking hemoglobin degradation and starving the malaria parasite to death.
A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that older patients who underwent carotid artery stenting from lesser experienced physicians had a higher risk of death within 30 days. The study analyzed Medicare data and found that doctors with less than six procedures per year performed worse outcomes.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that saw palmetto extract did not relieve symptoms of an enlarged prostate, even at high doses. The research involved over 300 men with moderate symptoms and took a placebo or saw palmetto for nearly 17 months.
A new online training program, Honor Our Voices, aims to elevate the voices of children of domestic violence, enabling service providers to better understand and respond to their needs. The platform presents information on child exposure to domestic violence through engaging stories and research-based practices.
Researchers found that teaching Israelis and Palestinians that groups of people are generally capable of change can have a positive effect on their willingness to compromise. This approach led to more favorable attitudes towards Palestinians and increased support for major compromises.
The research community must prioritize patients' and clinicians' information needs by consulting them about research priorities. This includes publishing all well-conducted research findings, regardless of results direction or strength, to reduce waste and improve accountability.
A new material made of carbon nanotubes provides a cost-efficient alternative to current technology, boosting the long-term viability of solar power. The material's mechanical flexibility enables integration into fabrics and clothing, paving the way for portable energy supplies.
A new study predicts that climate change will lead to a significant increase in ozone-related deaths in several European countries. The largest increases are expected in Belgium, France, Spain and Portugal, with predicted rises of up to 14%.
The region's high rates of parasitic infection are nearly 20 years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, particularly among economically disadvantaged groups. Soil-transmitted helminth infections have been linked to developmental delays and decreased economic productivity in countries like Uzbekistan.
Scientists at Karolinska Institutet found that fat cells in overweight people have a higher capacity for storing fats but a lower capacity for ridding themselves of them. This can lead to an accumulation of triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood, increasing the risk of metabolic diseases.
Researchers successfully grafted deciduous canine teeth and dental pulp stem cells into parent canines, demonstrating bone regeneration after four weeks. The study found increased immunosuppressive activity of these stem cells, paving the way for potential clinical applications in allogenic in vivo stem cell transplantation.
A genomic study identified the SF3B1 gene as frequently mutated in myelodysplasia, a precursor to leukaemia. The mutation is associated with ring sideroblasts and anaemia, leading to more straightforward diagnosis through a single blood test.
Researchers have found that treating mice with OCA-1B, a form of oculocutaneous albinism, with nitisinone improves eye and skin pigmentation. The study suggests that nitisinone could potentially ameliorate vision loss in patients with OCA-1B.
Biologists have discovered that glow-in-the-dark millipedes use their bioluminescence as a warning signal to avoid attacks by nocturnal predators. In the experiment, four times more non-glowing millipedes showed evidence of predation compared to glowing ones.
A study of over 50,000 women found that those consuming two to three cups of caffeinated coffee per day had a 15% decrease in relative risk for depression, while those consuming four cups or more had a 20% decrease. Higher caffeine intake was linked to greater protection against depression.
A new trial suggests that zoledronic acid may extend survival in postmenopausal breast cancer patients by boosting disease-free survival rates. However, the drug's effects on younger women are less clear-cut, with some studies indicating a possible adverse impact on recurrence rates outside bone.
Researchers created a computer model that calculates the probability of benzocaine molecules entering a cell's membrane based on its composition. The model predicts that membranes made mostly of negatively charged phospholipid DPPS present less barrier to benzocaine, leading to safer and more effective use.
A study found that men treated with IMRT had 26% fewer late bowel and rectal side effects than those receiving 3D-CRT. The treatment also showed a statistically significant decrease in acute toxicity.
A study found that pressure reduction foam mattresses and foam cleansers for incontinence care are cost-effective in reducing the risk of bedsores in long-term care residents. The researchers estimated average savings of $115 and $179 per resident, respectively.
A study found that low vitamin B12 levels may lead to brain cell loss and cognitive decline in older people. Vitamin B12 deficiency was associated with lower scores on cognitive tests and smaller total brain volume.
Three NOAA scientists, James Morris, Erin Oleson, and David Richardson, have been recognized for their outstanding work in ecology, whale and dolphin research, and fishery dynamics. Their research has significantly advanced our understanding of invasive species, marine conservation, and sustainable fishing practices.
A recent UCI-led study found that diabetics with high levels of coronary calcium are at a strong risk of heart attacks and strokes. The researchers also discovered that individuals with diabetes or metabolic syndrome without evidence of coronary calcium had cardiac-event risks comparable to those without these conditions.
Researchers from UCLA's Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science contributed to the development of a comprehensive genetic catalog of 17 strains of mice. The study provides a complete picture of genetic variation in these mouse strains, enabling scientists to accurately predict gene expression levels and identify variant...
Researchers found slower disease progression among patients starting treatment with CD4 counts between 350 and 499. The study suggests initiating therapy at this range may provide long-term benefits, but no benefit is seen for patients with CD4 counts above 500.
Typhoon Nesat is expected to make landfall in the northern Philippines, bringing heavy rainfall, gusty winds, and dangerous surf. The storm has maximum sustained winds near 80 knots (92 mph/148 kmh) and is forecast to cross Luzon and move into the South China Sea.
A UC3M study found that Spanish journalists predominantly use Twitter to publish and distribute information, identify trends, and build audience loyalty. However, only a quarter of respondents use Twitter for investigative reporting.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum developed a new method to calculate the probability of extreme events in finance. The traditional approach ignores the bulk of the relevant data, which can lead to important information being lost. By using this new method, scientists can better predict such events and improve financial models.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association found that consuming brassica vegetables and apples may lower the risk of proximal colon cancer. In contrast, increasing fruit juice consumption was associated with an increased risk of rectal cancer.
Researchers at Harvard University have developed a new device that can trap tightly and efficiently, eliminating the problem of overheating in traditional optical tweezers. The new plasmonic nanotweezers use light from a laser to create strong forces on nanoscale particles.
A new study suggests that implementing stronger tobacco control policies in the Netherlands could save up to 145,000 lives over the next 30 years. The MPOWER report recommends increasing taxes, banning smoking in public places, and providing cessation treatment to achieve this goal.
A new study found that couples counseling can significantly improve the sex lives of prostate cancer survivors and their spouses. The therapy was shown to be effective in improving men's sexual function and satisfaction, as well as enhancing their partner's experience.
Researchers will study the role of folic acid in preventing neural tube defects, with the goal of developing individualized prevention strategies. The study aims to identify which genes are modified by folic acid levels and how those patterns can be used to assess risk for spina bifida.
Patients taking SSRIs with antiplatelet therapy have a higher risk of bleeding compared to those taking ASA alone. The study found that combining an SSRI with ASA increased the risk by 42%, while dual antiplatelet therapy increased the risk by 57%. Women and patients who underwent angioplasty had lower bleeding risks.
A large-scale study found that mothers exposed to certain agents during pregnancy were more likely to have children with asthma. The Danish National Birth Cohort assessed over 42,696 children and found an association between maternal occupation and asthma prevalence among the children at age 7.
The Lancet Oncology Commission emphasizes the need for affordable cancer care in high-income countries by addressing issues like overuse, rapid expansion of demand, and shortening life cycles of medical technologies. The commission suggests value-based pricing, personalized medicine, and education to tackle these challenges.
A team of Seattle researchers has mapped the genome of advanced prostate cancers, identifying 'hypermutation' as a key driver of disease progression and potential resistance to therapies. The study provides clues for early detection and new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers found that teachers of the same race as their school principals have lower turnover rates and report higher job satisfaction. They also receive more administrative support and recognition. The study suggests maintaining diversity in principals to preserve teacher diversity.
A genetic variant in the GLCCI1 gene may explain why some people with asthma do not respond well to inhaled corticosteroids. Researchers found that individuals with two copies of the variant responded only one-third as well to steroid inhalers as those with regular genes.
A recent study published by the University of Exeter found that green turtle eggs laid on naturally hot beaches withstand high temperatures better than those from cooler beaches. This adaptation allows turtles to thrive in hot environments, making them crucial for species survival in a warming world.
A single savings goal is more effective in saving money compared to having multiple goals. This is because it puts individuals in an action-oriented mindset, helping them save more. The study found that multiple goals can lead to people overthinking and making trade-offs, resulting in less savings.
Researchers identified a gene expression profile that can predict prognosis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The study found two subgroups of patients, one with mild disease and the other with treatment-nonresponsive disease, which will help physicians identify those who need aggressive therapies.
Researchers have found that distinct gene regulatory networks in the honey bee brain contribute to specific behaviors, such as foraging and aggression. The study confirmed a close relationship between changes in gene expression and behavior, highlighting the importance of understanding the regulation of brain gene expression.
Researchers at NASA developed a flexible memory fabric that can retain information for over 100 days, using copper-oxide fibers as the storage medium. The technology enables e-textiles to detect biomarkers, monitor vital signs, and transmit data to doctors.
New research from the University of Notre Dame shows that holding objects while learning enhances detail processing, but hampers similarity recognition. This orientation to detail has evolutionary roots, with attention to subtleties near the body being crucial for survival.
Researchers at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center have identified 16 genes involved in iron metabolism that provide better prognostic information than conventional markers. These genes, known as the Iron Regulatory Gene Signature, convey valuable information about breast cancer outcomes.
Researchers have created a new technique that accurately maps the surface composition of tiny Janus nanoparticles, allowing for better evaluation of their effectiveness in various applications. The breakthrough enables production of cleanly segregated particles, which are potentially more valuable than chemically uniform ones.