Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have a lower incidence of liver-related complications and hepatocellular carcinoma compared to those infected with hepatitis C virus. NAFLD patients also had similar mortality rates as patients with HCV, despite having higher rates of cardiovascular complications.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have found that treating common Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can reduce tumour growth and size. CMV is found in 70-75% of adults and plays a central role in brain tumours, breast cancer, colon cancer, and prostate cancer.
Researchers discovered a mutated version of human APP, which causes rapid death of olfactory nerve cells. The study suggests that reducing APP production may prevent or reverse cell death and dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease.
UC Davis researchers compare seven different earthquake forecasts to identify the most accurate methods for predicting earthquake locations. The study finds that all seven forecasts showed some utility in forecasting earthquake locations, with the UC Davis group's forecast being the most accurate.
Researchers aim to overcome fundamental limitations of photosynthesis by improving light capture, sugar production, and molecular structure. Successful projects could lead to significant increases in crop yields for food and bioenergy crops.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have discovered a new catalyst that transforms amides into desired chemical products efficiently and safely, producing no by-products or hazardous waste. This breakthrough has the potential to revolutionize the chemical industry from an economic and green perspective.
Researchers at UC Davis have developed a self-cleaning cotton fabric that can kill bacteria and break down toxic chemicals like pesticide residues when exposed to light. The new fabric uses 2-AQC, a chemical that bonds strongly to cellulose in cotton, producing reactive oxygen species that kill bacteria and break down toxins.
Researchers at UTHealth are training community health workers, known as promotoras, to disseminate cancer prevention messages through mobile technology. The goal is to impact behavior change related to colorectal and breast cancer in high-need counties.
A new study by NASA and international scientists detects temperature changes in Venus' upper atmosphere, contrary to the planet's harsh surface conditions. The findings suggest that atmospheric circulation patterns may be more complex than previously thought, with potential implications for understanding Earth's own atmospheric evolution.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory have made significant improvements to lithium battery anodes, leading to faster charging times and increased capacity. The new designs could enable the widespread adoption of electric vehicles and renewable energy systems.
The ACCORD MIND study found that intensive glucose-lowering strategies offer no additional benefit in preventing cognitive decline in people with type 2 diabetes. Despite lower brain volumes, the increased risk of dying and other complications outweighed any potential benefits.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a new type of computer memory called FeTRAM, which combines silicon nanowires with a ferroelectric polymer. This technology has the potential to use 99% less energy than flash memory and may be faster than SRAM.
Researchers found a way to shut down pumps on breast cancer cells' surface that reject chemotherapy drugs, allowing the drugs to penetrate and kill the cells. Activating heat-shock protein Hsp27 forces the pump-action protein P-gp to decrease, making the cells more sensitive to chemotherapy drug Doxorubicin.
A new study published in Hepatology found that living donor liver transplant recipients had a 56% lower mortality rate compared to those waiting for a deceased donor liver transplant. However, this benefit was not observed for candidates with low MELD scores and hepatocellular carcinoma.
A large-scale study found that saw palmetto extract did not improve lower urinary tract symptoms in men with prostate enlargement. The researchers tested up to three times the standard dose and discovered no measurable benefits or toxicity.
Researchers discover that six-month-old babies recall the existence of objects even when hidden from view, but not their details. This discovery sheds light on how young brains process object information.
A Tel Aviv University researcher found that social networking on Facebook can be beneficial for teens' psychological development. The study discovered a positive correlation between Internet use and self-understanding, ego development, and clarity of self-perception.
By 2018, an estimated 2.3 billion people worldwide will experience at least one lower urinary tract symptom, with increases expected in Africa, Asia, and South America. The study highlights the urgent need for public awareness, prevention, diagnosis, and management of these conditions to tackle the growing burden.
A study found that pediatricians in Appalachia are less likely to encourage parents to get the HPV vaccine for their children, citing a lack of information and cultural concerns. This is alarming as HPV infection is a major risk factor for cervical cancer, which disproportionately affects Appalachian women.
A new study reveals that global warming can lead to a phenomenon where animals shrink due to the decoupling of growth rate and development rate. This effect is observed in marine planktonic copepods, which show increased growth but mature faster at warmer temperatures.
Researchers from the University of Vienna have proven that the entanglement or separability of a quantum state depends on the perspective used to assess its status. By using mathematical density matrices, they showed how different factorisations can lead to entanglement or separability in complex physical systems.
A study by Rhode Island Hospital found that current guidelines for testing patients with possible community-acquired pneumonia due to Legionella may underestimate the number of cases. The researchers suggest more comprehensive Legionella testing in patients hospitalized with pneumonia, which could identify additional cases and provide ...
University of Missouri nutrition experts recommend eating balanced meals and farm-fresh produce to promote healthy eating choices. Families can implement healthy eating ideas by trying seasonal fruits and vegetables, such as those available at local farmers markets or grocery stores.
Thirteen US Department of Energy researchers have been awarded the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) for their innovative work in various fields. The award recognizes their contributions to advancing energy independence and national security, as well as their commitment to mentoring and community ser...
Researchers developed a mathematical model of the brain's neural circuitry to better understand how Parkinson's disease patients' brains transmit information incorrectly. The model reveals that repetitious neuron firing can lead to overly synchronized brain activity, which could aid in developing therapies for Parkinson's disease.
The NIH will provide funding for eight innovative neuroscience education programs aimed at increasing science literacy and interest among K-12 students. These programs, led by investigators across the US, will use creative strategies such as touch tablet technology and interactive learning centers to engage students in neuroscience.
Scientists at the University of Massachusetts Amherst have developed a simplified method to create ordered magnetic materials using nanostructures, achieving room-temperature ferromagnetism with fewer steps than before. The process uses block copolymers to confine magnetic particles, inducing stronger interactions and yielding stable m...
The study found that many people believe cancer is curable, while others hold misconceptions about its causes and treatment options. Research suggests a need for education on the effects of diet and obesity on cancer development.
A study analyzing Medicare data found that older patients treated by low-volume operators had a significantly higher risk of death within 30 days after receiving a carotid artery stent. Patients treated early in an operator's career also faced a higher mortality rate.
A large study found that saw palmetto extract was not significantly better than a placebo in reducing prostate enlargement symptoms. Researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital tested the supplement at three times the usual dose and found no significant improvement.
Researchers found that patients who saw their doctors every two weeks had lower hemoglobin A1C levels, blood pressure and LDL cholesterol within a shorter timeframe compared to those who visited less frequently. This suggests that more frequent doctor-patient encounters can aid in achieving ideal treatment goals for diabetes.
Researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy's Savannah River National Laboratory and Ukraine's International Radioecology Laboratory collaborated on a special issue of the Health Physics Journal, publishing studies on environmental radiation monitoring, decommissioning Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant cooling ponds, and radioecology re...
Researchers found that the increase in intelligence during adolescence can be largely attributed to improvements in mental speed. The study analyzed data from over 6,900 teenagers and discovered that older teens performed better and worked faster on cognitive tests.
A study analyzing 40,000 screening colonoscopies found men have a higher rate of advanced tumors compared to women in all age groups. The researchers suggest sex-specific age recommendations for screening colonoscopy could result in lower CRC mortality rates.
Researchers at Texas AgriLife Research have discovered a gene regulating sorghum flowering, which can delay flowering and increase biomass accumulation by up to 200 days. This breakthrough enables the development of sorghum as a dedicated bioenergy crop with potential to produce lignocellulosic-based biofuels.
Researchers found that exercise improves arthritis symptoms in obese mice without causing weight loss. Modest improvements could have a major impact on people affected by osteoarthritis. The study's findings contradict the long-held notion that excess weight is the primary cause of the condition.
Researchers have identified a new class of DNA repair enzymes that lack uracil repair capabilities, instead repairing adenine damage. This discovery provides insights into the diversity of DNA repair functions and highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in scientific discovery.
Research presented at the American Dietetic Association's Food and Nutrition Conference and Expo shows that potatoes provide significantly better nutritional value per dollar than other raw vegetables. Potatoes are the lowest cost source of dietary potassium, with a medium-sized potato containing more potassium than a banana.
The University of Missouri Industrial Assessment Center (MoIAC) helps regional companies save $80,000 annually through free energy assessments and training. The center's new grant will educate over 400 students in energy conservation and efficiency, preparing them for leadership roles.
A new NIH-funded study confirms that saw palmetto extract does not reduce urinary problems associated with prostate enlargement. The study found no significant improvement in lower urinary tract symptoms for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), regardless of dose.
A team of researchers, led by Michael Levy, have traced the spread of Chagas disease in Peru using advanced mathematical methods and door-to-door surveys. They found that the parasite was introduced into the region around 20 years ago, with most infections occurring over the last decade.
Researchers found a link between fibroids and recurrent miscarriages, with removal of distorting fibroids reducing risk of miscarriage in second trimester. Removing such fibroids also doubled live birth rate in subsequent pregnancies for women with unexplained RM.
A new study reveals that UK healthcare programs can vary significantly depending on a person's postcode, with those in deprived areas receiving more funding. The 'Health Checks' program aims to reduce cardiovascular disease risk but faces challenges in implementation and evaluation.
New research suggests that women's stronger immune systems are linked to the X chromosome, with MicroRNAs encoded on this chromosome playing a key role. This discovery may help explain why women live longer than men and are less likely to develop cancer.
Recent studies found that rotating shift patterns do not significantly disrupt circadian rhythm or melatonin production, reducing potential cancer risk. The study's lead author notes that an intervention to combat shift work's health risks may already have occurred.
A new study by Utrecht University found that living close to livestock farms increases the severity of asthma and COPD symptoms in people with lung conditions. The research also showed that the risk of contracting Q fever increased with the number of animals kept near farms, particularly mega farms.
A new study found that moderately premature babies have reduced lung function at 8-9 years old, which can cause breathing difficulties. However, these issues may improve as the child grows older, according to a research presented at the European Respiratory Society Annual Congress.
Scientists have created compounds that can force corn earworms out of dormancy prematurely, prevent them from entering diapause, or block its termination. This could lead to effective tools for controlling pests and reducing agricultural losses estimated at $2 billion annually in the US.
Researchers found that kibra protein is essential for regulating brain circuitry and learning, leading to impaired memory in mice lacking the protein. The study suggests that kibra plays a crucial role in shaping brain connections during learning and memory formation.
A national study found intensive blood sugar control does preserve brain volume but lacks cognitive benefit in older people with diabetes. The study suggests focusing on diet, exercise and behavioral interventions to improve overall health.
Perennial crops retain significant genetic variation, closer to their wild counterparts than annuals. Long-lived species have fewer sexual cycles due to clonal propagation, resulting in lower genetic change.
According to a recent poll, nearly 9-in-10 women reported that having regular mammograms gave them control over their own healthcare. The poll also showed that 90% of women considered mammograms important to their health and well-being.
Researchers at Brown University discovered that tendons absorb shocks and store energy, while muscles take on the role of absorbing remaining energy after impact. This finding highlights the critical role of tendons in shock absorption and has implications for the development of synthetic tendons and rehabilitative practices.
Researchers at JBEI have identified a potential new advanced biofuel, bisabolane, that could replace diesel fuel with lower freezing and cloud points. The biofuel was produced using synthetic biology tools and engineered microbes to create a precursor, bisabolene.
A new analysis of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) found that naproxen and low-dose ibuprofen have a lower risk of cardiovascular events. In contrast, diclofenac increases the risk, even at non-prescription doses.
Linda Meyer, a radiation oncology nurse manager at Allegheny General Hospital, has been selected for the 2011 ASTRO Nurse Excellence Award. She is recognized for her exceptional care and commitment to educating nurses in the field.
A study has identified an enzyme called proteasome phosphatase that regulates the removal of damaged proteins from cells. This process is essential for removing misfolded or damaged proteins from the cell, but a defective proteasome can be catastrophic.
Native American communities have the highest alcohol-related death rates, but how and why this is prevalent remains unclear. The new five-year MERIT award will investigate early underage drinking's impact on risk for alcoholism and develop culturally relevant treatment programs.
A literature review suggests that some stroke patients can receive treatment beyond the standard 3-hour window, with brain cells remaining structurally intact and potentially revivable if normal blood flow is restored. This finding could enable doctors to provide better patient care by considering the 'tissue window' rather than just time
Sotirios G. Ziavras, a professor at NJIT's Electrical and Computer Engineering department, has received the Excellence in Graduate Instruction Award. He is also an internationally recognized expert in advanced computer architecture, embedded computing systems, and parallel processing.
A study of men with enlarged prostate found that increasing saw palmetto dosage did not improve urinary symptoms, contrary to previous studies. The study, published in JAMA, suggests that higher doses may not offer additional benefits over placebo.
A systemic review found atypical antipsychotics like aripiprazole, olanzapine, and risperidone to be effective for behavioral symptoms in dementia and generalized anxiety disorder. However, evidence did not support their use for substance abuse or eating disorders, highlighting the need for cautious prescribing.
Researchers found significant benefits of atypical antipsychotics in reducing symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and behavioral symptoms in elderly patients with dementia. However, evidence for efficacy was insufficient for treating eating disorders, substance abuse, and insomnia.
The Austen BioInnovation Institute's Accountable Care Community (ACC) initiative aims to improve the health status and healthcare delivery in Akron, focusing on chronic diseases such as diabetes and obesity. The project will gather a group of health providers from nearly every community outpost to develop a blueprint guiding Akron's de...
Key findings highlight the need for health policy and systems research to improve access and coverage of existing interventions. Epidemiological research is also essential to address knowledge gaps in childhood pneumonia.
A $2.5 million NSF grant will support a program aimed at enhancing the public's understanding of science, engineering, and energy through community-based activities in Pennsylvania counties with natural gas exploration and production. The project will provide opportunities for residents to gain skills in scientific inquiry and build an...
Researchers found a positive association between HRT use and asthma hospitalizations, with women taking the drug for over 10 years facing a higher risk. The study suggests that women on HRT may need to consider stopping hormone therapy if they experience severe asthma symptoms.
Researchers from the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute have identified a 'programmed cell death' pathway in parasitic worms that could one day lead to new treatments for schistosomiasis. The discovery was made by studying programmed cell death in human cells, where the team found similarities with the process in fluke worms.
Researchers found that high-status individuals tend to trust others more in initial encounters due to positive expectations of others' motives. In a workplace setting, this means that bosses may be more trusting during initial encounters with employees.
Children's National study finds lovastatin improves verbal and nonverbal memory, visual attention, and efficiency in children with neurofibromatosis type 1. The Phase I study suggests a potential therapeutic agent for treating cognitive deficits in NF1 patients.
USDA researchers explore the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to monitor changing land-use patterns in western rangelands. The results show that aerial data can be comparable to information gathered through ground-based surveys, with potential applications for erosion control and invasive species monitoring.
Scientists at Virginia Tech and Penn have identified two enzymes, peptidases, as potential targets for new anti-malarial drugs. The researchers developed chemical genetic tools to specifically inhibit these enzymes, blocking hemoglobin degradation and starving the malaria parasite to death.
A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that older patients who underwent carotid artery stenting from lesser experienced physicians had a higher risk of death within 30 days. The study analyzed Medicare data and found that doctors with less than six procedures per year performed worse outcomes.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association found that saw palmetto extract did not relieve symptoms of an enlarged prostate, even at high doses. The research involved over 300 men with moderate symptoms and took a placebo or saw palmetto for nearly 17 months.
A new online training program, Honor Our Voices, aims to elevate the voices of children of domestic violence, enabling service providers to better understand and respond to their needs. The platform presents information on child exposure to domestic violence through engaging stories and research-based practices.
Researchers found that teaching Israelis and Palestinians that groups of people are generally capable of change can have a positive effect on their willingness to compromise. This approach led to more favorable attitudes towards Palestinians and increased support for major compromises.
The research community must prioritize patients' and clinicians' information needs by consulting them about research priorities. This includes publishing all well-conducted research findings, regardless of results direction or strength, to reduce waste and improve accountability.
A new material made of carbon nanotubes provides a cost-efficient alternative to current technology, boosting the long-term viability of solar power. The material's mechanical flexibility enables integration into fabrics and clothing, paving the way for portable energy supplies.
A new study predicts that climate change will lead to a significant increase in ozone-related deaths in several European countries. The largest increases are expected in Belgium, France, Spain and Portugal, with predicted rises of up to 14%.
The region's high rates of parasitic infection are nearly 20 years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, particularly among economically disadvantaged groups. Soil-transmitted helminth infections have been linked to developmental delays and decreased economic productivity in countries like Uzbekistan.