Dr. Giuliano was awarded the Brinker Award for Scientific Distinction for his pioneering findings on lymph node removal and his contributions to less invasive breast surgery. His research has led to improved quality of life for women with breast cancer and reduced side effects from breast surgery.
A single high dose of psilocybin has been shown to induce significant and lasting changes in personality, particularly openness, in nearly 60% of participants. The study found that these changes were comparable in magnitude to those observed over decades of life experiences.
A new study found that patients with consumer-directed health plans have more control over healthcare costs, with two-thirds of the reduction in total healthcare costs coming from reduced utilization of medical services. This is due to lower use of name-brand medications, less in-patient care, and lower use of specialists.
A new method of surfactant delivery without intubation has been shown to reduce the need for mechanical ventilation and improve lung function in premature babies. The study found that infants treated with this method spent less time on mechanical ventilation and had a lower need for oxygen.
University of Utah chemists created a new method to identify optimal catalysts using data analysis and principles of chemistry. The technique reveals the link between size and electronic properties of catalysts in determining their effectiveness.
A new study led by San Francisco State University's Daniel Bernardi aims to track rumors and identify those with the power to become weapons in counterinsurgency operations. The team will develop a database of rumors that could undermine efforts in Afghanistan.
Researchers at National Jewish Health found that T-cell receptors from mice continue to function with shark, frog, and trout receptor pieces substituted in. This interaction between the T cell and MHC molecules is crucial for immune defense and organ transplants.
Researchers will develop a 'therapeutic robot' to aid people with mobility problems and create wearable sensors that allow blind individuals to perceive their environment. They will also investigate the spatial and temporal regulation of cell differentiation in tissues.
Researchers at the University of California San Diego have identified unsaturated and polyunsaturated fats from plants and cold-water fish as beneficial for health. These fats block JNK activation by saturated fatty acids, which are linked to adverse health effects.
A large-scale genetic study has uncovered new genes associated with type 1 diabetes, a condition affecting 200 million people worldwide. The research adds to knowledge of gene networks involved in the origin of this complex disorder.
Researchers found a molecule in intestinal cells that induces immune tolerance and reduces excessive immune reactions. This discovery has the potential to revolutionize treatment for autoimmune disorders such as asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, and Lupus.
Dr. Malgorzata Borowiak has been awarded a grant from the Helmholtz Association to return to the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) Berlin-Buch, Germany, as head of a Young Investigators Group. She aims to contribute to diabetes research by studying beta cell development.
The Elsevier Foundation OWSD awards recognize eleven talented women scientists from Africa, the Middle East, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean for their research excellence. The winners will receive a cash prize of US$5,000 and are expected to act as role models to other girls and young women considering a career in science.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have developed a new technique that allows them to pinpoint the exact DNA sequences and locations bound by regulatory RNAs. The study reveals the intricate world of gene expression and how RNA molecules control neighboring and distant genes.
A new study published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine highlights the risk of injury for schoolboys playing rugby. The researchers warn that parents, teachers, and coaches should be informed about the level of risk involved.
A research team at the Hubrecht Institute demonstrates a mechanism by which left–right asymmetry in vertebrates is established and maintained. The study reveals a genetic midline 'barrier' that induces and maintains Nodal and BMP proteins to pattern the embryo along the left–right axis.
The MESSENGER spacecraft has shown that Mercury's surface material composition differs significantly from other terrestrial planets, with higher abundances of sulfur and potassium. The planet's surface also features a unique magnetic field and extensive volcanic plains covering over 6% of its surface.
A recent study found that cocaine use is predictive of open-angle glaucoma, with current and former users having a 45% increased risk. Patients with open-angle glaucoma and history of exposure to illegal drugs were nearly 20 years younger than those without drug exposure history.
Cornell researchers analyzed 2.4 million Twitter tweets from 84 countries, tracking daily mood patterns influenced by work, sleep, and daylight. Positive tweets peak early morning and midnight, with increased abundance on weekends, and follow a seasonal pattern tied to daylight hours.
A University of Adelaide study found that an immune response in the brain contributes to how people respond to alcohol, influencing behavioral changes such as difficulty walking or talking. Blocking toll-like receptors may help reduce these effects and potentially treat alcohol dependence.
Researchers found that the El Niño effect drives faster conversion of CO2 in the terrestrial biosphere, leading to a revised estimate of global primary productivity. The new value suggests that land plants are more productive than previously thought, with implications for climate models and future carbon cycle research.
A new study at the American Dietetic Association Conference shows that moving fruit into a colorful bowl increases fruit sales by 104% in schools. The Cornell Center for Behavioral Economics in Child Nutrition Programs is working with the White House and food industry leaders to promote healthier school lunches.
Research reveals a link between diabetes and cancer, showing that cancer-promoting proteins like Lin28a can increase insulin sensitivity in mice, while others with high let-7 levels become more resistant to diabetes.
A two-year study funded by ESRC explores how married couples make decisions, from daily routines to complex choices. The findings highlight the importance of supporting people with dementia in decision-making processes, considering their relationship dynamics and individual preferences.
Scientists at the University of Illinois' Beckman Institute have created an active pumping mechanism for microvascular systems, which greatly enhances the repair of damaged materials like cracks in coatings on buildings or bridges. The pressurized delivery system outperforms traditional capillary force methods by a significant margin.
The MetLife Foundation Journalists in Aging Fellows Program will develop major aging-focused stories or series, covering concerns such as seniors drowning in debt and the struggles of Iraqi and Afghan refugees. The program aims to cultivate public awareness of these issues, which affect all generations and cultures.
A new study published in the FASEB Journal found that rats fed homobrassinolide produced an anabolic effect, increasing lean body mass, muscle mass, and physical performance. The research also suggests potential applications for brassinosteroids in treating muscle wasting conditions.
The Cleveland Clinic has received a significant grant to establish a new chair in Preventive Cardiology. Dr. Stanley Hazen will be the first holder of the Leonard Krieger Chair, focusing on developing an inhibitor for treating atherosclerosis through research on gut flora pathways.
Researchers at the University of Houston have discovered that estradiol, a naturally occurring estrogen hormone, plays a prominent role in regulating body functions in both females and males. The study found that an imbalance of estradiol levels can result in metabolic diseases, including diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.
A Penn study found that hepatitis C patients are more likely to forget their medication over time, highlighting the need for interventions to improve adherence. The researchers suggest strategies such as pill box refills and reminders to help patients stay on track with treatment.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a patented MRI technology that allows them to non-invasively track neural stem cells in living brains. This breakthrough could inform the development of new treatments for brain injuries, stroke, Parkinson's disease, and other neurological disorders.
Researchers at Iowa State University have produced a new method to create inexpensive sugars from biomass using fast pyrolysis. This process could potentially be the cheapest way to produce biofuels or biorenewable chemicals, offering a more sustainable alternative.
The American College of Cardiology Foundation (ACCF) and the American Heart Association (AHA) have released an updated guideline for diagnosing and managing peripheral artery disease (PAD). The guidelines emphasize expanded criteria for using the ankle-brachial index (ABI) for earlier diagnosis and increased efforts to ensure patients ...
Researchers at Rutgers and UMDNJ have determined the structure of a protein that recognizes viral RNA, providing unprecedented insight into fighting viral infections. This discovery could lead to the development of broad-based drug therapies to combat viral infections such as influenza, hepatitis C, and measles.
A new study provides a predictive sequence of events leading to coral reef collapse and identifies key sustainability targets for managing coral reefs. Researchers found that well-protected areas typically have 1000-1500 kilos of reef fish per hectare, and regulations restricting gear or species can help maintain biomass.
Researchers discovered that PTK6 protein, which regulates cell growth in normal tissue, activates proliferation of damaged cells in cancerous breast tissue. Mice lacking PTK6 gene were highly resistant to carcinogen-induced colon tumors.
Researchers at the University of Leeds and Durham University have developed a high-tech 'recipe book' to create new plastics with specific properties. The breakthrough will increase recycling abilities and save industries time, energy, and money.
A nationwide study found that people taking oral steroids are twice as likely as the general population to have severe vitamin D deficiency. This increased risk is particularly pronounced for steroid users under 18, who were 14 times more likely to have a severe vitamin D deficiency.
Researchers used MESSENGER data to confirm past volcanic activity on Mercury, which poured out huge volumes of lava 3.5-4 billion years ago
New research shows that prolonged alcohol consumption can reduce the body's ability to produce anti-viral cytokines, leading to increased inflammation and impaired immune response. This study highlights the negative impact of alcohol on the immune system, particularly in relation to viral infections.
Researchers have uncovered details on the brain and nasal passages of a 72 million-year-old armoured dinosaur Euoplocephalus. The team found that it had good senses of smell and hearing, and may have generated sound through its looping nasal passages to communicate.
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have developed a new way to decrease zinc oxide's thermal conductivity without reducing its electrical conductivity by adding aluminum. This innovation could lead to new technologies for harvesting waste heat and creating energy-efficient systems, such as cars, aircraft, and power plants.
In polygynous colonies, worker ants reinforce dominant queens by feeding and grooming them, while eliminating weaker sisters. Researchers found that inter-queen fighting involves ritualistic behavior, while workers are more aggressive, suggesting a complex reproductive strategy to maintain queen dominance.
A defective gene in mice shows behaviors and symptoms similar to those observed in humans with autism spectrum disorders. The animals respond similarly to an FDA-approved drug used to treat repetitive behaviors in people with autism.
Scientists at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have identified a new approach to treating diabetes and obesity by targeting the PTP1B enzyme, which is crucial in regulating insulin signaling. By oxidizing a specific cysteine residue, the enzyme's activity is temporarily halted, allowing for improved insulin sensitivity.
A new study of over 26,000 stroke patients found that those with Atrial Fibrillation have a mortality rate almost twice that of other stroke patients. The study highlights the need for better use of existing anticoagulant medication to prevent fatal and disabling strokes.
Researchers created a mouse model that displays remarkably similar symptoms and behavior as children and adults on the autism spectrum. The animals responded well to an FDA-approved drug prescribed to treat repetitive behaviors often associated with the disease.
A new study examines the impact of climate change on amphibian species, finding that rapid temperature swings can trap species at different points in their travels. The research suggests that many species will become endangered due to their inability to tolerate unfavorable climate conditions for extended periods.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have found that propranolol may improve language and social skills in people with autism. The drug acts by reducing stress-induced norepinephrine effects, allowing the brain to function more flexibly.
Researchers discovered that resveratrol blocks the growth of breast cancer cells by reducing estrogen receptor levels. This finding has significant implications for treating women with breast cancer whose tumors develop resistance to hormonal therapy. Resveratrol may serve as a potential tool to combat hormone-resistant breast cancer.
A University of Pittsburgh study found that introducing new vaccines can decrease vaccine availability by up to two-thirds due to storage and transportation issues. Computational models can forecast the impact of new vaccine introduction and identify potential disruptions.
A new study reveals that fruit fly aggression is correlated with smaller brain parts and involves complex interactions between networks of important genes. The findings also show that certain portions of the fly brain affected by hyper-aggressive flies, and that calming did not necessarily come through chemistry.
The FDA has approved a diaphragm pacing system to help ALS patients breathe longer without the aid of a ventilator. The system, called NeuRx Diaphragm Pacing System, provides electrical stimulation to the diaphragm muscles and conditions them to delay respiratory failure.
Scientists argue that when a species recovers enough to be removed from the federal endangered species list, state management should follow the public trust doctrine, which guides conservation for the public good. The researchers apply this principle to the gray wolf case in the northern Rocky Mountains.
Researchers from PTB and Hanover have created a novel laser cooling method using a single laser source to bring a magnesium ion to a standstill. This technique allows for more precise measurements of the fine-structure constant, potentially resolving contradictions in astronomical data comparisons.
A University of Hull study found that weeds are vital to the existence of many farmland species, providing food for over 330 species of insects, birds, and animals. The research also showed that increasing farm management intensity can lead to a decline in seed biomass and energy, affecting farmland biodiversity.
Research from the University of Warwick suggests that the 'Protestant work ethic' in the 19th century gave northern Europe an educational advantage over southern neighbors, leading to higher incomes and a larger income gap. This historical factor is believed to have contributed to the North-South debt crisis.
Researchers found that male koalas produce lower resonances in their bellows, which may be related to the length of their vocal tracts. The team also discovered that koalas can make themselves sound larger than they are by using simultaneous resonance in their oral and nasal tracts.
Researchers recorded novel responses to human faces from single neurons in humans, revealing a new insight into the neural basis of social perception. The findings suggest that the brain is highly sensitive to representing entire faces and responding strongly to anything wrong with the face.
Researchers develop a comprehensive genetic model that integrates various types of genetic variation, including single gene changes, chromosomal alterations, and de novo mutations. This framework recognizes the importance of both inherited and new genetic variants in disease susceptibility.
A recent study confirms shark populations are in trouble worldwide, with significant declines observed on the Great Barrier Reef. The research used innovative methods to estimate population growth rates, finding that sharks are declining rapidly due to fishing.
A recent study found that villages along roads have higher rates of antibiotic-resistant E. coli than rural areas, suggesting roads facilitate the spread of superbugs. The researchers attribute this to increased antibiotic use and poor water quality, which allow resistant strains to thrive.
A recent study by Lawson Research Institute found that nearly half of newly diagnosed Canadian patients with glaucoma were at moderate to advanced stages by the time of diagnosis. The study suggests a lack of preventive screenings and inadequate awareness about risk factors are contributing factors to this issue.
Researchers found that bats control echolocation calls with the fastest-contracting muscle type, enabling them to produce calls at rates of up to 190 calls per second. This allowed bats to better track insects in flight and make them successful hunters.
The MESSENGER mission has provided unprecedented data on Mercury's magnetic field, revealing a host of firsts, including evidence of widespread flood volcanism and direct measurements of its surface composition. The study sheds light on the planet's global magnetic field geometry and its interaction with solar wind.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Social Psychology suggests that racism and prejudices are often learned through cultural exposure. Participants responded faster to word pairs found together in literature, indicating a potential link between cultural stereotypes and individual gut reactions.
Scientists have discovered 'superfast' muscles in bats that allow them to navigate and hunt in total darkness using echolocation. These muscles can contract up to 100 times faster than typical body muscles, enabling the rapid succession of calls needed for successful hunting.
Despite efforts to improve representation, women in science and engineering are lagging behind due to a hostile classroom climate, lack of supportive peer relationships, and poor faculty attitudes. Universities need to focus on making structural changes, such as diversity training for faculty and mentoring programs, to create an inclus...
Researchers at Rice University have created a technique to control plasmonic scattering from nanoparticles using liquid crystals. By applying an electric field, the alignment of liquid crystal molecules can be manipulated, acting as a shutter to switch the nanorods' signals like a traffic light.
Researchers found that patients with well-developed coronary collaterals have a 36% reduced risk of mortality from heart disease. The study suggests promoting natural bypass vessels through lifestyle factors and potential treatments, such as external counterpulsation or injections with growth factor G-CSF.
Scientists have discovered a new component of the biological clock, a gene responsible for starting the clock from its restful state every morning. This discovery may help explain the genetic underpinnings of sleeplessness, aging and chronic illnesses such as cancer and diabetes.
Scientists have developed a novel technique to measure and document tumor-inducing changes in DNA, revealing the earliest stages of cancer formation. The study provides insight into chromosomal rearrangements known as translocations, which can lead to tumors in leukemias, lymphomas, and sarcomas.
A University of Delaware professor found hitting accounts for more than 45% of teams' winning records, fielding for 25%, and pitching also for 25%. The impact of stolen bases is greatly overestimated in baseball winning percentages.
The Cedars-Sinai Regenerative Medicine Institute has opened a new facility to produce induced pluripotent stem cells, which can be used to study human diseases and develop new treatments. Cells produced by the core will be critical for innovative research aimed at increasing our understanding of human diseases and genetic disorders.
Thomas L. Kash, a UNC assistant professor, has been awarded the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) for his innovative research on alcohol's effects on neural circuits in the brain. The award recognizes his potential for leadership as both a scientist and model citizen.
Scientists have identified a protein that controls the development of varicose veins, offering new hope for prevention and treatment. By inhibiting this protein, researchers were able to stall the progression of varicose veins and reduce the need for surgery, potentially improving quality of life for those affected.
Physicists are being called on to take action against climate change by reducing their own carbon footprints. By changing behavior at the individual level and carefully planning future experiments, physicists can contribute to a more sustainable energy supply.
The Bolshoi supercomputer simulation, based on WMAP5 parameters, provides a powerful new tool for studying galaxy formation, dark matter, and dark energy. Initial studies show good agreement between the simulation's predictions and astronomers' observations.
Scientists have made precise measurements of the quantum Hall effect in graphene, supporting the redefinition of the kilogram and ampere. This breakthrough aims to establish a universal and stable definition for these fundamental constants, linking them to natural quantities.
Researchers at Delft University of Technology found that smaller metal alloy nanoparticles release hydrogen gas more quickly when stored in a metal hydride. This could lead to more efficient hydrogen storage for fuel cells.
Astronomers have detected stardust in debris discs of extra-solar planetary systems, providing insights into the planet formation process. The Jena research team found two systems with transiting planets, using photometric analysis to identify irregularities in the infrared range.