GigaPan Time Machine enables viewers to explore gigapixel-scale images while moving through time, allowing for exhaustive science and capturing huge amounts of data. Researchers from Carnegie Mellon University applied this technology to visualize simulations of the early universe, plant growth, and other big data sets.
Researchers found a link between prenatal chlorpyrifos exposure and decreased IQ and working memory in children at age 7. Higher exposure was associated with lower scores on cognitive tests, with no evidence of a safe threshold below which exposures are completely safe.
Researchers discovered a protein in a single-celled fungus that helps it survive in low-oxygen settings, which may aid humans with compromised immune systems. The discovery identified key genes responsible for the protein's cutting mechanism, offering potential targets for new fungal infection treatments.
Researchers have decoded the entire genome of lyre-leaved rock cress, a close relative of the thale cress, revealing that its genome is significantly larger. The study found that considerable elements were lost from the thale cress genome, with hundreds of thousands of small deletions accounting for most of the differences in size.
A study of 92 children with eczema found that routine use of topical corticosteroids does not lead to skin thinning. The researchers used dermoscopy to examine the treated and untreated skin of the children, concluding that TCS use is safe and effective for managing childhood eczema.
A recent Columbia University study reveals that the ozone hole has a significant impact on tropical precipitation, affecting rainfall in the Southern Hemisphere. The research demonstrates that ozone depletion is linked to climate change, with far-reaching consequences for international agreements on mitigating global warming.
Researchers have identified several genes that may contribute to the malaria parasite's ability to evade antimalarial drugs. One of these genes, PF10_0355, was found to render drug-sensitive parasites more resistant to three standard antimalarial agents when introduced into them.
Researchers at Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research found a new Salmonella infection mechanism targeting the actin cytoskeleton and exploiting myosin II motor protein. This approach allows bacteria to pull themselves into host cells without forming ruffles, expanding the known invasion strategies.
Researchers found that beneficial gut bacteria like Bacteroides fragilis hijack immune cells to prevent inflammation. The bacteria produce a molecule that tricks the immune system into activating regulatory T cells, preventing autoimmune reactions.
Fat, oil, and grease (FOG) harden into calcium-based fatty acid salts, creating deposits that reduce wastewater flow and cause environmental problems. Researchers have discovered the molecular mechanism behind FOG deposit formation using FTIR spectroscopy.
Researchers found that an appropriate dose of pirfenidone halted decline and improved kidney function in patients with diabetic nephropathy. The study suggests that the drug may be useful in treating other types of fibrotic diseases, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
A study found that frequent dietary supplement users engage in less exercise and more hedonic activities due to a sense of invulnerability. This 'curse of licensed self-indulgence' can lead individuals to make poor choices for their health, such as opting for fast food over organic meals.
A three-year study found no link between severe obesity and depressive symptoms among adolescents, but did identify a possible greater vulnerability among white teens. The study suggests that clinicians should be vigilant about assessing for depression in this group, regardless of weight status.
Researchers have identified a distinct population of immune cells that contribute to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes by helping CD8+ T cells elicit autoimmune responses in the pancreas. This subset of CD4+ T cells produces IL-21 and express CCR9, playing a critical role in autoimmune disease.
A study published in The Lancet found a significant reduction in overdose deaths in the vicinity of North America's first supervised injection facility. Insite, located in Vancouver, saw a 35% decline in overdose mortality, while the rest of the city experienced only a 9% decrease.
Researchers will use cultivated and wild tomato species to determine specific genes controlling chemical evolution and plant metabolism. The goal is to understand how plants produce diverse compounds for survival in their environment.
Researchers at Brown University have discovered a key mechanism by which seedlings regulate their growth and development. The study, led by biologist Alison DeLong, found that protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) plays a critical role in suppressing ethylene production during germination.
The National Biomass and Carbon Dataset (NBCD) provides unprecedented spatial resolution of 30m, offering comprehensive assessment of forest structure and carbon stock within the lower 48 States. This dataset will advance understanding of US natural resources, biodiversity conservation, wildfire risk assessment, and timber production.
A study finds that the UK's current tuberculosis screening policy for immigrants is missing 70% of imported latent infections. Implementing a broader screening program could identify 92% of infected immigrants and reduce future cases of active tuberculosis while remaining cost-effective.
The study identified a microRNA that may elucidate the biological mechanism behind obesity-related traits in individuals carrying the PLIN4 gene variant. Higher omega-3 fatty acid intakes were associated with lower body mass index and weight in carriers of the gene variant.
A team of neuroscientists has discovered a critical 'chemical pathway' in the brain that triggers our response to stress. The study found that increasing production of a protein called neuropsin in the amygdala leads to increased activity and vulnerability to stress.
A low pressure area north-northeast of Puerto Rico has been detected by the GOES-13 satellite, located about 460 miles northeast of San Juan, Puerto Rico. The National Hurricane Center gives this system a 20% chance of development into a tropical storm over the next two days before it hits wind shear.
A leading nanotechnology scientist proposes a 3nm diameter threshold for mass-produced structures, citing unpredictability in bottom-up manufacturing. This challenge raises concerns about the billions invested in nanotechnology research and development.
Researchers at Northwestern University have found that using electronic medical records to identify patients with diseases can be faster and cheaper than recruiting thousands of participants. The study used data from five national sites to accurately identify patients with five types of diseases, achieving accuracy rates of 73-98%.
Aggressive new strains of stem and stripe rust have decimated up to 40% of farmers' wheat fields globally. Developing resistant varieties and improving country capacity are key strategies to combat the problem.
Researchers discovered a worm protein controlling growth factor secretion, which is linked to human cancers. The study proposes that abnormal growth factor secretion may stimulate cancer formation and offers a potential targeted treatment approach.
Researchers have developed a new laser system that can ignite engine air-fuel mixtures more efficiently than traditional spark plugs. The laser system is made from ceramics and promises less pollution and greater fuel economy, but further testing is needed to make it commercially viable.
Researchers investigate whether statins can prevent pre-eclampsia by targeting an enzyme that suppresses two proteins linked to the condition. The study, funded by the Medical Research Council, aims to test the effectiveness of statins in reducing blood pressure risks for pregnant women diagnosed with very early-onset pre-eclampsia.
Researchers have validated a new 'Llanto' scale to measure infant pain after surgery, providing health staff with a simple and concise tool. The scale assesses factors such as crying patterns, breathing rate, and facial expression, allowing for accurate estimation of the child's suffering.
Research from Research Australia found a link between stressful events during pregnancy and increased risk of behavioral problems in children. The study analyzed the timing, amount, and types of stressors to determine their impact on child behavior outcomes.
Research at the University at Buffalo found that early life air pollution exposure and motherhood may alter DNA, increasing premenopausal breast cancer risk. Decreased E-cadherin promoter methylation was associated with higher birth exposure, while increased p16 methylation linked to first child birth in higher-pollution areas.
A report from a blue-ribbon panel recommends guidelines to improve board practices and standards in seven core dimensions: Purpose, Culture, Leadership, Information, Advice, Debate and Self-Renewal. The report aims to foster further review of board structure and function.
Researchers have uncovered how yeast cells recognize and assemble cargo mRNA for transport, a process critical for cell function. The discovery sheds new light on the mechanisms underlying molecular transport in both simple and complex organisms.
Researchers developed a method to use passive microwave satellite imagery to monitor hurricane structure and intensity changes, revealing patterns in storm dynamics. This allows for a 30-hour window before a storm hits its maximum strength, enabling forecasters to issue earlier warnings and evacuate areas at risk.
PSERC is investigating innovations in network architectures and planning approaches to achieve sustainable energy systems with high penetrations of renewable resources. The future grid will be more complex, heterogeneous, and dynamic due to the variability of renewable energy production.
A study published in the American Heart Association journal found a strong link between excessive screen time in children and narrowed arteries in the back of their eyes. Children who spent more hours watching TV or playing video games had narrower retinal arteriolar caliber, indicating future cardiovascular risk.
Scientists discover a polymer-based material that can heal itself quickly and easily with the help of ultraviolet light, restoring its original properties. The material, called metallo-supramolecular polymers, has potential applications in coatings for consumer goods such as cars, floors, and furniture.
A new survey by the Interactive Autism Network reveals that approximately half of parents report their child eloping from safe places, peaking at age four. The study highlights critical safety concerns, including increased risk of trauma, injury, or death. Additionally, a new research survey on pregnancy and birth factors associated wi...
A group of Ohio greenhouse growers partners with the Translational Genomics Research Institute to sell 'denim shock wave petunias' in support of pancreatic cancer awareness. The program aims to raise funds for TGen's globalCure initiative, which seeks to find a cure for pancreatic cancer.
Scientists at Rice University and Texas A&M have developed a method to pattern active proteins into bio-friendly fibers. The new work simplifies the process of making materials with fully functional proteins, opening up possibilities for chemical catalysts, biosensors, tissue engineering, and more.
A new study found that melting glaciers and ice caps on Canadian Arctic islands play a significant role in sea level rise. The region lost an average of 7 cubic miles of water per year, increasing dramatically to 22 cubic miles during the latter part of the study.
Researchers propose theory that universe evolved from one-dimension to three dimensions as it expanded. A planned gravitational observatory, LISA, may detect anomalies if the theory is true.
UK researchers found that persistent poverty affects children's cognitive functioning at the age of five, while family instability does not have a significant impact. The study, based on data from 18,819 families in the UK, shows that children growing up in stable two-parent families have higher levels of cognitive ability than those i...
Researchers at JBEI have developed a technique called targeted proteomics that enables the rapid identification and quantification of specific proteins in cells or microbes. This technique can help identify bottlenecks in metabolic pathways, leading to improved efficiency and productivity in biofuel and therapeutic drug production.
Researchers from Mount Sinai School of Medicine have found that a ketogenic diet may reverse impaired kidney function in people with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. The study, published in PLoS ONE, also identified previously unreported genes associated with diabetes-related kidney failure whose expression was reversed by the diet.
Researchers at University College London have discovered powerful electron beams flowing back and forth between Saturn and its moon Enceladus, a finding that suggests a universal process similar to Jupiter's moon Io. This discovery was made using the Cassini spacecraft and its CAPS-ELS instrument.
The updated studies will provide long-term projections and help researchers identify new trends using 2010 census data. This living resource will be available online and continuously updated to inform policymakers.
A new pulse oximetry training video, featuring Boston Medical Center (BMC) physician Rafael Ortega, MD, is featured in the New England Journal of Medicine. The video offers best practices for physicians using pulse oximeters, aiming to ensure patient safety.
A meta-analysis of 22 studies found that infants with regulatory problems are more likely to develop behavioral problems in childhood. The most common outcomes were externalizing problems and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
University of Cincinnati researchers have successfully produced large RNA nanoparticles using a bipartite approach, overcoming challenges in industry-scale production. The nanoparticles, containing small interfering RNA, show a half-life of between five and 10 hours in animal models, are non-toxic and produce no immune response.
A new study published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases found that UK immigration screening procedures fail to detect over 70% of latent tuberculosis (TB) cases, with better selection of immigrants to screen increasing detection rates to over 90%. Treating people at an early stage can prevent them from developing active TB and becoming...
The NYU Courant Institute is developing a bird-sized, self-flying plane with AI-powered vision for navigation. The plane will use convolutional networks to quickly interpret its environment and navigate through forests and urban environments.
The human super-brain is believed to have emerged in Africa no later than 75,000 years ago, fueled by the development of bipedalism and tool-making. This collective mind enabled the creation of complex thoughts, language, art, and technologies.
Scientists at Case Western Reserve University, U.S., have created a polymer-based material that can heal itself when exposed to ultraviolet light. The new materials, called 'metallo-supramolecular polymers,' behave like normal polymers but can be repaired using light.
The Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has secured a five-year funding plan of $1.5 million from the U.S. Department of Energy Nuclear Criticality Safety Program to launch a new nuclear safety research program. The program aims to provide high-accuracy nuclear data for international nuclear community applications.
The study classifies gut microbiota into three distinct groups: Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Ruminococcus. This classification is associated with variations in nutrient uptake and medicine efficiency. The research also reveals connections between the gut type and BMI, obesity, and vitamin production.
A recent NIH-funded genome study has identified a common genetic variant associated with an increased risk of developing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and familial interstitial pneumonia. The variant, found in the mucin 5B gene, is present in over half of individuals with IPF/FIP and increases their risk by five- to eightfold.
The study found that local pikas are losing their habitats, moving up mountain slopes at a rapid pace of 11-fold since the 20th century. This suggests that American pikas can act as early warning indicators for future species distribution shifts due to climate change.
Researchers identify small molecule blocking key protein involved in cholesterol production, successfully lowering cholesterol levels in isolated nerve cells and brain slices from mice. The discovery could lead to broader applications in other neurological conditions like Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at IDIBELL found that Nutlin-3a stimulates the p53 pathway, inducing apoptosis and cellular senescence in brain cancer cells. This study suggests MDM2 antagonists may be new therapeutic options for glioblastoma treatment.