Researchers discover subtle electronic effect in magnetite that causes a dramatic change to its electrical conductivity at very low temperatures. This discovery gives new insight into the mineral's structure and behavior, potentially enabling the exploitation of magnetite and similar materials in new ways.
HokieSpeed boasts a single-precision peak of 455 teraflops and a double-precision peak of 240 teraflops, ranking it No. 96 on the Top500 List. The supercomputer's energy efficiency places it at No. 11 on the Green500 List, making it the highest-ranked commodity supercomputer in the US.
A study by the Broad Institute and University of California, Berkeley, has linked a person's immune status to the viral genetics of dengue, revealing how these two factors interact to cause severe disease. The research showed that immunity from previous infections and genetic variants of the virus combined to increase disease severity.
A new PET technique using FLT-PET has shown highly sensitive imaging for patients with mantle cell lymphoma, a relatively rare and devastating blood cancer. The study found that all cancerous lesions were very highly visible using FLT-PET, providing a powerful biomarker for MCL.
A comprehensive survey of HIV's interactions with human cells has identified hundreds of connections between viral and human proteins. This research may lead to the development of new drugs to treat HIV/AIDS by disrupting these connections.
Researchers found that prior immune response to one serotype can influence interaction with virus subtypes in a subsequent infection, increasing risk of severe disease. The study provides new insights into the complex interplay between viral genetics and immune system response.
Researchers at the University of Calgary have isolated biofilms that can detoxify tailings water by removing toxins and metals. These microorganisms are highly tolerant to stress associated with pollutants, making them a promising solution for cleaning oilsands-related water.
Researchers identified two distinct biomarker patterns that continue to improve with time, even after partial weight regain. These improvements suggest long-term effects of healthier dietary habits on cardiovascular health and organ function.
Women with obesity may face increased risks of preterm birth, respiratory complications, and poor breastfeeding rates. However, with proper education, motivation, and medical care, they can have healthy pregnancies and successful outcomes for both mother and baby.
A team led by University of Miami professor Akira Chiba has developed a novel methodology to examine protein-protein interactions in the fruit fly, allowing for the creation of a point-by-point map of these interactions. This breakthrough uses custom-built 3D FLIM imaging technology to visualize protein associations in live cells.
Scientists at Thomas Jefferson University's Center for Translational Medicine have found that reducing N-cadherin levels in pancreatic cancer cells can slow down their mobility and prolong survival in mice by 25 percent. This discovery could lead to new targeted therapies for pancreatic cancer.
Researchers at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston found that variations in health care spending by Medicare and Blue Cross Blue Shield of Texas are similar throughout the state. The study compared spending and inpatient admissions across 32 Texas regions, concluding no significant differences between the two.
A team of researchers at the University of Notre Dame has created a one-coat solar paint that can be applied to any conductive surface without special equipment. The paint uses semiconducting nanoparticles to produce electricity, offering a potential solution for inexpensive and efficient energy production.
A new allocation framework reserves individual emissions paths for developing countries until certain development standards are reached, then requires reductions. Fair allocation of CO2 emissions and carbon budgets considering development dynamics may improve acceptance in climate negotiations.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that normal cells in tumors can enhance cancer cell growth after losing a tumor suppressor gene called Pten. The study suggests interrupting signals between normal cells and cancer cells as a new approach to treating breast cancer.
Researchers have discovered two planets that survived being engulfed by their parent star, shedding new light on stellar and planetary systems. The discovery may also offer insights into the possible future of our own solar system.
A study by the University of Edinburgh found that Scots of Pakistani origin are 50% more likely to be admitted to hospital with chest pain and angina. Chinese people in Scotland have lower rates of hospital admissions for these conditions, suggesting lifestyle factors may play a role.
Researchers have discovered two planets of sizes comparable to Earth orbiting an old star that has just passed the red giant stage. The planets, named KOI 55.01 and KOI 55.02, are thought to be the dense cores of ancient giant planets whose gaseous envelopes were vaporized during the immersion phase.
Researchers from London-area hospitals and Oxford measure brain activity in infants to assess their pain response, providing a more reliable alternative to current methods.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that participants who listened to more hip-hop artists had better knowledge of non-mainstream words and phrases used in the genre. Additionally, knowing the artists used in songs enhanced vocabulary understanding. These findings suggest a novel aspect of language learning among adolescents.
Autism Speaks has awarded 47 new research grants, totaling $13.2 million, to advance understanding of epigenetic and gene-environment influences, neurobiology, and studies on adolescents and adults with autism. The grants will focus on increasing early diagnosis, improving treatment outcomes, and reducing the economic cost of autism.
A Case Report in The Lancet describes a woman's experience with late pulmonary complications after gastric banding, including recurrent aspiration and cavitation. The authors stress the importance of recognizing these rare but potentially misdiagnosed conditions, particularly among patients with respiratory symptoms.
Researchers release Tamarixia radiata, a parasitic wasp that kills Asian citrus psyllid nymphs, potentially reducing pest densities and protecting citrus trees in California. The natural enemy is part of a larger integrated management program for the invasive pest.
A research team led by Dr. David Huntsman and Dr. Gregg Morin found that mutations in the DICER gene were responsible for rare, unrelated cancers, revealing a fundamental process underlying these tumors. The discovery has the potential to lead to new approaches to treating both rare and common cancers.
A new study from Penn State suggests that lean beef can be part of a heart-healthy diet when saturated fat levels are controlled. The DASH diet, which emphasizes plant protein foods and fish, was compared to two other diets: Beef in an Optimal Lean Diet (BOLD) and BOLD plus additional protein.
A study by McMaster researchers found consistent evidence that hormone replacement therapy is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer globally. The research suggests that decreased HRT use after the WHI trial led to a decline in breast cancer incidence in many countries.
Research on Trichoderma highlights its use as biocontrol agents to reduce chemical pesticide use, improving food security. The fungus also forms symbiotic associations with plants, altering gene expression to increase plant growth and productivity.
A study found that individuals with smaller brain cortex regions are more likely to develop early symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. The research identified 21% of those at high risk for cognitive decline, compared to 7% of those at average risk.
A new study published in Neuron found that a larger posterior hippocampus and smaller anterior hippocampus are linked to better recollection ability in healthy adults. The researchers suggest that functional connections between the posterior hippocampus and other brain regions play a key role in enhanced memory consolidation.
A new UCSF study shows a popular antibiotic treatment for trachoma can be administered every six months, reducing treatment costs and potentially treating twice as many patients. Researchers found a significant decrease in trachoma prevalence, even elimination in some villages, regardless of treatment frequency.
A study of 205,000 patients found significant variation in pre-surgery exam rates among hospitals, suggesting a lack of standard guidelines. The findings highlight potential risks of over-testing and under-testing, which may increase healthcare costs and harm patients.
A new study by University of Florida psychologists Jennifer L. Howell and James A. Shepperd found that self-affirmation can break down resistance to medical screening by refocusing attention from a threat to overall wellbeing, resulting in increased willingness to undergo screenings and treatment.
The FDA approved the first handheld device to detect life-threatening brain bleeding, which could be a lifesaver for Sailors and Marines. The portable Infrascanner reveals intracranial hematomas after an injury, allowing for early diagnosis and treatment.
A recent JAMA commentary suggests vitamin B therapy can still lower stroke risk, particularly in patients with good renal function. However, the authors argue that clinical trials overlooked the role of vitamin B12 and renal failure, which can affect treatment efficacy.
Research reveals that cancer cells use a positive feedback loop involving c-MYC and SIRT1 to drive continuous cell division and tumor growth. This mechanism undermines normal cell regulation, leading to uncontrolled proliferation and treatment resistance in certain types of cancer.
Researchers have demonstrated a prototype device capable of absolute measurements of optical power delivered through an optical fiber, outperforming existing devices with improved temperature control and speed. The new radiometer can measure power levels as low as 10 nanowatts with high accuracy, paving the way for ultraprecise calibra...
Researchers from the University of Southampton contributed to a major UN report on the world's land and water resources for food and agriculture. The report notes that global food production is projected to increase by 70% globally and nearly 100% in developing countries, putting pressure on agricultural systems.
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) downregulate helper T cell activity, suppressing immune response. This can lead to cancer progression and escape from immune defense. The study aims to understand Treg mode of action and develop immune therapies against cancer.
The Ground Renewable Expeditionary ENergy System (GREENS) provides continuous power to Marines in the field, reducing the need for fuel transport and minimizing logistics expenses. Developed by ONR, GREENS is a portable, lightweight, and modular system that uses solar power to generate electricity.
Researchers at UNC may have found a way to awaken the dormant allele of Ube3a, leading to potential treatments for Angelman syndrome. The team used FDA-approved drugs like irinotecan and topotecan to 'awaken' the paternal allele, resulting in functional protein expression.
New study reveals bacteria in large intestine slow down 'good' fat tissue activity, affecting energy usage and weight gain. Researchers found links between intestinal bacteria, gender differences in weight, and brown fat activity.
A study found that minority religions view malls as central meeting places, seeking comfort in shared beliefs. Dominant religious groups experience 'consumption mass hysteria,' leading to debt and excess.
A new study reveals that precise regulation of myosin phosphorylation is crucial for uterine activity during labor. The researchers discovered that specific amino acids are phosphorylated to control uterine contractions, providing insights into premature births and failed inductions.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital developed a new mathematical model to predict drug-ADE relationships, identifying issues up to 5 years before they occur. The approach has shown promising results, correctly predicting 42% of absent drug-ADE relationships and accurately recognizing false pairs.
A new study published in the Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation found that aquatic therapy beginning 6 days after TKA significantly improved results. In contrast, delaying its onset after THA may be more appropriate. Aquatic therapy has been shown to reduce effusion in the knee joint, leading to less pain.
Research suggests that prejudice arises from a fundamental psychological need to make quick judgments and reduce ambiguity, often leading to stereotyping and generalizations. This way of thinking is linked to people's desire to categorize the world and rely on social norms.
Gladstone and UCSF scientists have discovered how HIV commandeers human proteins to weaken the body's defenses and enhance virulence. The study identifies a key interaction between HIV protein Vif and the human protein CBFß, which enables the virus to infect CD4 T cells.
Scientists have discovered how to build doughnuts with Lego blocks using a novel material with internal nanostructure made of two chemically discordant polymers. The discovery sheds light on the self-assembly of these materials, which could lead to breakthroughs in data storage, nanoelectronics, and pattern creation.
A study by Penn State researchers found Fusarium fungus in nearly 70% of sink drains, posing a significant health risk. The fungus can cause opportunistic and fatal infections, particularly among individuals with compromised immune systems.
NASA's WEBB Telescope has successfully completed cryogenic testing on its primary and secondary mirror segments, proving their ability to operate at extremely low temperatures. The testing, conducted at the X-ray and Cryogenic Facility, verified the mirrors' shape changes with temperature as expected, ensuring crisp focusing in space.
Researchers found that NMDA receptors on dopamine neurons are essential for habit formation, allowing brain cells to communicate and increase activity. The discovery provides new direction for therapy to treat diseases like Parkinson's and opens the door to speeding up good habit formation.
Researchers at Tufts University developed silk-based microneedle systems that can precisely control drug release rates and maintain bioactivity. The technology has the potential to address limitations in existing painless drug delivery mechanisms and prevent local infections.
A new study by Canadian researchers aims to dispel the myth of Murphy's Law by showing that human error can be minimized through rigorous testing and analysis. By implementing checks and balances, industries can improve reliability and safety, reducing the likelihood of catastrophic failures.
The FDA has established an international consortium of orthopedic registries to develop a unified method for analyzing and reporting multinational registry data. The ICOR aims to identify the best implants for patients worldwide, improving patient safety.
A new study published in Neuron found that the brain can split attention into multiple 'spotlights' when focusing on two or more objects. This challenges traditional views on multitasking and suggests a more efficient way of processing information.
Scientists have uncovered the intricacies of how inhalation anesthetics work in children and adults by studying C. elegans. The study found that specific potassium channels are crucial in this process and may be sensitive to potential reversal with certain medications.
A study of 26 wealthy nations found that countries with a higher density of fast food restaurants per capita had much higher obesity rates compared to those with lower densities. Obesity rates in the US and Canada were significantly higher than in Japan and Norway, suggesting free market policies may have unintended side effects.
A recent study found that less than 47% of adults are properly immunized for tetanus and 39% of those over 65 receive the pneumococcal vaccine. Dr. Vivien Brown advocates for moving immunization to the top of health checklists, with both doctors and patients taking responsibility for tracking vaccination records.
Astronomers have discovered two Earth-sized planets, KOI 55.01 and KOI 55.02, that survived the red-giant expansion of their host star, KIC 05807616. The planets are extremely close to their host star and experience harsh temperatures up to 16,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
A new report reveals that the reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park has led to a profound rebirth of life and ecosystem health. Trees and shrubs are beginning to recover along some streams, providing improved habitat for beaver and fish. Birds and bears also have more food available due to the decrease in elk populations.
Twitter's US growth relied on media attention and traditional social networks based on geographic proximity and socioeconomic similarity. The site's popularity spread via face-to-face interactions, with early adopters in cities close to Boston and San Francisco.
Researchers found an abnormality in the early steps of auditory processing in the brain, called 'sampling', linked to dyslexia. Dyslexics exhibited enhanced responses to high-frequency rhythms that interfered with verbal memory.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new device that can perform neutron interferometry in a much smaller space, increasing its sensitivity and speed. This innovation could enable the technique to be used in industries such as materials science and manufacturing.
A comprehensive study of ocean acidification has made key findings, showing that some marine ecosystems are already experiencing acidity levels not predicted to occur until the end of the century. The study used sensors developed at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and found variability in seawater pH within and across ecosystems.
Researchers found that treating crickets with epinastine abolished the winner effect, suggesting a link between adrenaline-like systems and increased aggression. The aggression levels returned to normal within 20 minutes post-fight.
Scientists developed a way to deliver therapeutic human cells to diseased areas using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The new process, reported in ACS' journal Langmuir, successfully attaches these nanoparticles to the outside of human cells without causing damage.
In 2011, NOAA researchers made significant discoveries about storm systems, oceanic and atmospheric research, and environmental threats. They found that human-caused aerosol increases linked to decreased monsoon rainfall in South Asia, while also improving weather forecasting capabilities.
Research suggests that pregnancy's massive hormonal fluctuations prepare a woman's brain for motherhood, leading to improved stress tolerance and baby sensitivity. However, there may be costs to these changes, and more comprehensive studies are needed to develop interventions for at-risk mothers.
The International Botanical Congress approves new rules allowing electronic publication and English translations for plant species names, facilitating faster discovery and conservation. This change aims to accelerate the process of documenting biological diversity before it is lost due to environmental issues.
A recent study published in Neuron reveals that rare genetic mutations, specifically copy number variants, contribute significantly to the risk of early onset bipolar disorder. These findings suggest that de novo mutations play a crucial role in the development of the disease, which appears in childhood or early adulthood.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials found no improvement in overall survival for adult patients with advanced follicular lymphoma who received high-dose chemotherapy and ASCT compared to conventional-dose chemotherapy alone. The study concluded that HDC-ASCT is not effective as a primary treatment option.
A novel approach to analyze potential health hazards associated with pesticides and toxic chemicals has been proposed by a UM researcher. The new model can predict the likelihood of illness from chemical mixtures and reduces data requirements significantly.
Researchers at Stanford have developed a new technique to pack molecules closer together in organic semiconductors, more than doubling the speed of electrical charge movement. This breakthrough enables faster electronics for foldable devices and solar-powered energy harvesting.
A Rutgers study found significant disparities in depression diagnosis and treatment among the elderly, with African Americans less likely to receive a diagnosis or be treated. The researchers identify barriers such as stigma, lack of access to therapists, and financial factors contributing to these disparities.
Researchers at UCLA's Laboratory of Integrative Neuroimaging Technology use functional MRI brain scans to study mental activity patterns. They employ computerized machine learning methods to identify cognitive states and anticipate neurocognitive changes similar to predictive text-entry for cell phones and Internet search engines.
A new study found that many commercial beers, including some labeled as low-gluten, contain significant levels of gluten. Two beers labeled 'low-gluten' had as much gluten as regular beer, highlighting the need for accurate testing.
The American Chemical Society revisited key research advances from 2001, including self-healing plastics and carbon-based electronic devices. These discoveries have had lasting impacts on various fields of science.
The University of Copenhagen has launched a new research platform aiming to develop hybrid technologies for more efficient production of biofuels. The platform will test dual-purpose crops that can provide both food and biomass for fuel and chemicals, aiming to reduce the industry's reliance on oil.
A study by the University of Colorado School of Medicine found that crowded emergency departments lead to delayed and less effective pain management for children with acute long bone fractures. Patients were 4-47% less likely to receive timely care and 3-17% less likely to receive effective care when crowding was high.