Researchers at University of Gothenburg find climate change will significantly increase risk of ozone damage to plants due to rising ozone concentrations and higher temperatures. This can lead to premature aging and smaller harvests with lower quality for agricultural crops.
A new type of invisibility cloak can hide events, not just objects. Researchers suggest a thief could use an 'event cloak' to steal money from a safe by manipulating light speed. Suitable materials need to be developed to make this possible.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine found that traditional Korean medicine SCRT treatment alleviates asthma-like pulmonary inflammation via suppression of specific chemokines or proteins. The study, published online in Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, suggests a potential mechanism for reduced inflammation.
A new study reveals that young babies' brains show activation in a temporal lobe area when hearing emotionally neutral human sounds, such as coughing or yawning, than familiar toy sounds.
Scientists have identified new proteins in human cerebrospinal fluid that may help diagnose Alzheimer's disease earlier and develop effective treatments, offering hope for patients and their families affected by the condition.
Researchers found that sea urchins have photoreceptors on the tip and base of their tube feet, allowing them to react to light and potentially use the shadow cast by their skeleton for direction. This unique system enables sea urchins to navigate and function in their surroundings despite lacking eyes.
A new study suggests that the threat posed by invasive Asian carp to the Great Lakes ecosystem is real and warrants action. The research finds that separating the Great Lakes and Mississippi River basins through hydrological separation could provide a permanent solution to prevent further ecological and economic harm.
Research found that African-Americans are less likely to receive critical stroke treatment primarily because they do not get to a hospital soon enough for time-sensitive treatment and due to preexisting medical conditions. For patients who are eligible, no racial disparity was found in the treatment rate.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have identified two genes, ATRX and DAXX, that contribute to the lengthening of telomeres in cancer cells. The study found a correlation between mutations in these genes and alternative lengthening of telomeres in various types of tumors.
Using full color synchrotron light has increased the clarity of biological samples and sped up imaging by a 60-fold increase, opening avenues for medical research, drug development, and advanced materials engineering. This breakthrough enables more precise nanoscale analysis.
A study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that generic anti-epilepsy drugs have varying levels of effectiveness, particularly when switched between two generics, raising concerns about safe dosing practices. The study highlights the need for policy makers to evaluate standards for generic drugs' similarity to brand-name versions.
Researchers discovered that aircraft takeoffs and landings under certain atmospheric conditions can cause a small but measurable increase in rain and snow near airports. The study used satellite images and weather forecasting models to examine the occurrence of inadvertent cloud seeding within 62 miles of six commercial airports.
The study analyzed 260 deer-vehicle collisions between 2003 and 2007 to identify high-risk areas along Edmonton's city limits. Creating a buffer zone by grooming natural vegetation alongside roads is suggested as a solution to mitigate fatal collisions.
Peter Kolesar, Professor Emeritus at Columbia Business School, was awarded the 2011 MSOM Distinguished Fellow Award for his contributions to operations management. His research has modeled service systems with random cyclic customer demand patterns and optimized credit-screening procedures.
Researchers have discovered new functions of Aurora enzymes in fission yeast, which could lead to improved cancer treatments. The study used phosphoproteomics to identify dozens of new substrates for the enzymes, revealing roles in chromatin regulation and DNA protection.
Scientists at Fox Chase Cancer Center have identified a novel approach to develop targeted cancer therapies by reversing silenced genes through demethylation. The study suggests that specific proteins, such as thymine DNA glycosylase, can actively remove methyl groups from DNA.
Researchers developed a novel analysis method to organize genomic cancer data, revealing previously unknown genetic connections and similarities among different types of cancers. The approach uses multiplicity to create three-dimensional models, potentially leading to trials of already approved drugs for additional cancers.
Researchers at NIST have developed a tungsten-silicon alloy that significantly improves the efficiency of ultrafast single-photon detectors, enabling their use in quantum communications and computing systems. The new detection method can capture photons across longer wavelengths, including those used in telecommunications.
Researchers developed a new strategy to improve the outcome of genome-wide association studies by linking initial association signals to functional DNA changes. The framework streamlined discovery of functional DNA variants underlying GWA signals, benefiting scientists worldwide.
Researchers discovered that certain emotions can boost the sharing of stories and information. In experiments, students who felt anxious or amused were more likely to share content than those who felt sad or content. The study's findings have implications for companies and organizations looking to use social media effectively.
A daily intake of resveratrol in red wine may prevent insulin resistance and loss of bone mineral density in rats exposed to simulated weightlessness. The study suggests that resveratrol could help mitigate the negative effects of sedentary behaviors in humans.
Research by Columbia Business School and University of Chicago Booth School of Business found that offering too many 401k funds deters employees from enrolling in the plan. The study revealed a decrease in equity fund allocation and an increase in 'nothing' allocation as the number of funds increases.
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) poses a significant threat to global food security and poverty alleviation in developing countries. The virus has been reported in several regions, including sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East, and China, and can spread quickly through goat herds and sheep flocks.
A recent study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism found that BMC conducts a high rate of thyroid function testing in pregnant women. The study detected approximately 80 percent of cases of mild hypothyroidism that may have gone undiagnosed without routine testing.
Over 220 cooperative R&D projects have been approved and supported by EUREKA since Israel's Chairmanship year in July 2010, totaling 320 million Euros of investment. The program has achieved significant successes in areas such as renewable energy, agrofood technology, biotechnology, and IT.
Researchers have discovered that complex changes in TP53 occur earlier than previously thought, setting the stage for additional abnormalities. This finding could help scientists determine which mutations lead to precancerous lesions and invasive carcinomas.
A recent study published in International Journal of Cancer found that boosting the production of a specific microRNA, miR-34a, increases sensitivity of bladder cancer cells to chemotherapy. The study suggests that miR-34a may be used as a predictor of response to chemotherapy and a target for new drugs.
A team of astronomers using NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope observed a unique binary system that produced dual gamma-ray flares during its closest approach. The flares were many times stronger than expected and occurred despite the star following an eccentric orbit, making them only visible every 3.4 years.
Researchers found that glia support neurons and provide energy substrates necessary for function. Re-expression of MeCP2 solely in astrocytes rescues lifespan, breathing, anxiety, and locomotor activities associated with Rett Syndrome in mouse models.
Researchers have discovered a human ancestor older than previously believed, contradicting the Out of Africa model and suggesting a different role for Homo erectus. The findings, published in PLoS One, indicate that Homo erectus went extinct before modern humans arrived in Indonesia.
A Lithuanian company, Biocentras, has developed a three-stage process that transforms contaminated soil into usable land for growing plants. The process uses biosurfactant and micro-organisms to break down oil pollutants, making it an efficient and natural solution.
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) welcomed the publication of positive results from the National Lung Screening Trial, which showed a 20% reduction in lung cancer deaths and a 7% decrease in all-cause mortality among heavy smokers screened with low-dose spiral computed tomography. The trial followed ove...
A Rutgers survey finds that one-third of NJ immigrant children and over 70% of foreign-born adults lack health coverage, facing significant access-to-care barriers. Immigrants often have lower family incomes than US-born families and report fewer chronic conditions despite higher stress levels.
Scientists have developed a new 4-D scanning ultrafast electron microscopy technique that allows researchers to visualize atomic-scale dynamics on metal surfaces. This breakthrough promises wide-ranging applications in materials science and single-particle biological imaging.
A team of researchers has discovered a gene connected to the production of new brain cells in adults, which acts as an 'off switch' before neurons are formed. However, further experiments revealed that Foxj1-expressing cells functioned as stem cells until adulthood, producing fewer neurons than expected.
The Girl's Puberty Book Project provides critical information about puberty and health to Tanzanian girls, addressing significant gaps in knowledge and promoting empowerment. The project has been integrated into government policy and distributed over 140,000 copies, aiming to improve population health.
Researchers mapped out the order of DNA changes in advanced skin and ovarian tumors using a statistical approach, finding that key gene TP53 mutations occurred earlier than previously believed. This discovery could help identify personalized therapies for cancer patients by targeting early mutations.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a technique to make salmonella-based vaccines safer and more effective, with potential applications in fighting diseases like hepatitis B, tuberculosis, and pneumonia. The new approach retains strong immunogenic properties while reducing unwanted side effects.
Most study participants preferred an opt-in consent process, while 41% supported a broad description of how samples and health information might be used. The study suggests that public support and trust for biobanks can be built by implementing an informed consent process that meets formal requirements and standards.
Researchers at UBC have developed a novel drug delivery device that can be implanted behind the eye to treat retinal damage caused by diabetes. The device uses an external magnetic field to trigger controlled release of drugs, offering improvements over existing implantable devices.
A new type of sensor, called 'sensing skin,' can monitor the health of concrete infrastructure continually and inexpensively. The sensor detects cracks by measuring changes in capacitance, allowing for precise location detection within 24 hours.
The Puyehue-Cordón volcano in Chile continues to spew ash, affecting air travel in Australia, New Zealand, and other countries. The GOES Project's satellite imagery shows the steady stream of ash three weeks after the initial eruption.
A study found that veterans who have attempted suicide not only face an elevated risk of further attempts but also experience higher mortality rates from all causes. The research highlights the need for more intensive support and prevention efforts among at-risk veterans.
The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) found that low-dose helical computed tomography (CT) screening reduced lung cancer deaths among participants who were screened with CT versus those screened with chest X-ray. The study enrolled 53,000 current and former heavy smokers aged 55 to 74.
A CAMH study reveals that mental health disability leaves cost approximately $51 billion a year in Canada and recur sooner than physical health leaves. Workers who have had a previous mental health episode are at higher risk of having another one, highlighting the need for effective prevention programs to help people stay at work.
Emerging evidence suggests a strong association between bleeding and adverse outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Strategies to minimize bleeding include radial access and adjusting anticoagulant doses based on body weight, age, and renal function.
A survey of 89 junior doctors in three NHS hospital trusts in Wales found that nearly all were unaware of their roles and responsibilities during a major incident. The knowledge gap has sparked concerns about the preparedness of healthcare professionals to respond effectively in emergency situations.
A recent study on leaf-cutting ants has sequenced their genome, revealing key adaptations behind their unique social behavior and fungus farming lifestyle. The research found that specific genes are involved in mating system adaptations and symbiotic food processing with the fungus.
Researchers at The University of Western Ontario used fMRI to decode action intentions from brain activity, predicting which action a person was planning seconds before execution. This breakthrough understanding of brain planning could lead to controlling prosthetic limbs for movement-impaired patients.
Women show greater improvements in function and reduced pain than men at three and six months post-surgery. After a year, men recover as well as women, indicating that gender-specific knee implants may not be necessary.
A study by sports scientists at TUM found that women's football is marked by more frequent interruptions, but the game generally resumes faster than men's. Longer interruptions were recorded in men's football, particularly for goal celebrations and injuries.
Researchers have discovered a cellular factor called SAMHD1 that inhibits HIV infection in myeloid cells, part of the body's immune system. This discovery may help explain why some individuals can control HIV better than others and could provide a basis for new therapies to block HIV replication.
Scientists have manipulated brain wiring responsible for reward-seeking behaviors using optogenetics, a technique that can tweak microcircuitry with millisecond precision. The study found that targeting the connection between the amygdala and nucleus accumbens may represent potential treatments for addiction and other neuropsychiatric ...
The study found that rocky planets, including Earth, are enriched in 17O and 18O by about 6% relative to 16O. This supports the 'isotopic self-shielding' mechanism, where photolysis of carbon monoxide liberates oxygen atoms that are sequestered into water molecules.
Researchers from Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry discovered a potential therapeutic strategy for managing heart failure by modulating the interaction between hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and nitric oxide. The study found that this 'cross talk' can have positive effects on heart health and may lead to new drug therapies.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have discovered a new approach to make more types of tumors susceptible to PARP inhibitor treatment. By blocking the cell-cycle protein CDK1, which supports BRCA1 repair function, cancer cells become vulnerable to DNA-damage agents and ultimately die.
The Roslin Institute has relocated to a new, purpose-built centre with partners from the SAC, focusing on improving livestock health and productivity. The institute aims to tackle complex problems such as diseases, animal welfare, and greenhouse gas emissions.
A new study by UCSF researchers reveals that complex mutations in genes like TP53 occur earlier in skin and ovarian cancers than previously thought. The findings could help doctors develop new diagnostics for early cancer detection.
Scientists have discovered the most distant quasar to date, ULAS J1120+0641, with a redshift of 7.1, providing a unique opportunity to study the early universe. The object's massive black hole is estimated to be two billion times that of our Sun, challenging current theories on its growth.
Researchers propose that quantum dots with opposing spin electrons can create a peculiar form of magnetism. This phenomenon occurs due to the 'tug-of-war' between the mobile electrons and the manganese atoms in the quantum dot. The resulting magnetic message can align spins, causing the quantum dot to be magnetic.