Researchers at UC Riverside have created nanoscale iron oxide particles that form rods and display colors when exposed to a magnetic field. The technology has potential applications in color displays, bio-sensing, and biomedical labeling.
Researchers developed a mathematical model that proposes unlimited biodiversity in ecosystems with multiple competing species. The rock-paper-scissors tournament concept shows how species can co-exist without extinction, depending on the rarity of key species.
Elevated p21 protein levels in natural HIV controllers effectively suppress key viral life cycle steps. This ability is associated with increased p21 expression and may be linked to shared mechanisms of immune defense against cancer and HIV.
A University of Missouri researcher is leading a $6.6 million study to understand the genes that regulate carbohydrate transport in corn plants, aiming to improve yield, drought resistance and biofuel production.
A new study shows that a surgical technique called microdissection testicular sperm extraction (TESE) can effectively locate and extract viable sperm in over one-third of adult male childhood cancer survivors who were previously considered sterile. This technique enabled many men to father children with the help of in vitro fertilization.
Researchers have identified a gene responsible for seedlessness in the sugar apple and its close relation, the cherimoya. This discovery could pave the way for producing seedless varieties of these fruits and potentially other fruit crops.
A long-term study found that consuming three or more drinks a day is associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer death in both men and women. Heavy drinking, specifically liquor consumption, also shows a significant association with pancreatic cancer mortality, particularly among never smokers.
The TRMM satellite measured record rainfall totals of over 300 mm (~11 inches) in Alabama and Mississippi, with eastern US experiencing 50 mm (~2 inches) or more. Flooding was reported from Louisiana to northern New York, with some areas receiving daily records
The CDC has partnered with IHME to make its reproductive health survey data available worldwide, covering topics such as pregnancies, births, and contraceptive use in over 30 countries. This move aims to improve population health by providing high-quality evidence for health policy decisions.
The US Play Coalition has awarded grants to three researchers to study the value of play for children's health and well-being. The projects will explore topics such as recess, unstructured play, and playground design to understand their impact on children's physical activity and cognitive development.
A study at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory has identified a therapeutic target for liver cancer using a monoclonal antibody that blocks the activity of the FGF19 gene. This approach shows promise in treating patients with FGF19 amplification, which can be used as a biomarker to predict treatment effectiveness.
Eleven Pan African Sanctuary Alliance (PASA) member facilities are facing increased demand for chimpanzee care, with a projected 56 new arrivals annually. The study provides a roadmap for resource, infrastructure, and financial planning to support their growth and ensure long-term sustainability.
A recent study published in Archives of Neurology reveals a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency among patients with early Parkinson's disease. Contrary to expectations, the researchers found that vitamin D concentrations remained stable over time, suggesting a potential role for long-term insufficiency in the pathogenesis of PD.
Researchers have discovered that T cells from elite HIV controllers upregulate a protein called p21, which inhibits viral replication. This finding may inform the development of new treatments for patients susceptible to HIV's devastating effects. Meanwhile, two new studies shed light on pediatric brain tumors and lung cancer metastasis.
Researchers have discovered that the orchid Satyrium pumilum uses carrion mimicry to attract specific species of flies for pollination. The study found that only female flesh-flies were attracted to the orchids, and that scent plays a crucial role in guiding them into the right position to pick up pollen.
The sex ratio at birth is skewed due to son preference and easy access to sex-selective abortions, leading to a significant imbalance between males and females in China, India, and South Korea. The number of males under 20 exceeds the number of females by around 32 million in China.
A meta-analysis of nine previous studies found that quitting smoking shortly before surgery was not associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Stopping smoking up to eight weeks before surgery did not show a beneficial or detrimental effect on outcomes compared to continued smoking.
The Lancet is publishing online abstracts from a global health conference that explores various topics, including non-communicable diseases, malaria, and health inequalities. The conference aims to advance the field of health metrics and evaluation by sharing knowledge and expertise among professionals.
A Norwegian study found that women unhappy with their relationships were more likely to experience depression during pregnancy. A good relationship, on the other hand, served as a buffer against everyday stresses, helping women cope better with work-related issues, financial problems, or moving house.
A new analysis method by CSHL team suggests tumors grow through 'punctuated, clonal expansions,' providing insights into tumor growth and metastasis. By analyzing single cells from breast cancer samples, the researchers inferred three distinct subpopulations of tumor cells, each with highly similar genomic profiles.
Researchers have identified 15 new genetic regions associated with an increased risk of developing primary biliary cirrhosis. The study used genome data from 2,500 patients and 7,500 healthy individuals, tripling the number of known genetic regions to 22.
A new study using Africa's historical crop yield data reveals that corn production will decline by at least 20% for 1 degree Celsius of warming under drought conditions. The research also highlights the importance of combining existing knowledge and data from climate and agriculture communities to improve crop forecasting.
UC researchers determined the structure of human HDL cholesterol, revealing a cage-like protein structure that encapsulates its fatty cargo. The study suggests that proteins like apolipoprotein A-I play a dominant role in HDL's protective effects against cardiovascular disease.
A miniature, portable PET scanner has been developed to study brain function and behavior in rats while they are awake and moving freely. This breakthrough technology, dubbed RatCAP, uses a wearable design that counterbalances with springs and motion stabilizers, allowing animals significant freedom of movement.
Researchers design nanocomposite material with magnesium nanoparticles and polymethyl methacrylate matrix, rapidly absorbing and releasing hydrogen at modest temperatures. This breakthrough material may have broad applicability to other areas of energy research.
Women with DCIS who develop invasive breast cancer in the same breast have higher mortality rates, study finds. Radiation treatment after lumpectomy reduces risk of ipsilateral invasive breast cancer, while treatment with tamoxifen also offers protection.
A fundamental change in the genome of leaf beetles has emerged, resulting in the loss of salicylaldehyde-producing enzyme salicyl alcohol oxidase in birch feeders. This adaptation allows birch beetles to save resources by not producing the enzyme, which is only needed for willow feeders.
A recent study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases found that HIV-infected patients have a higher risk of bone fractures compared to the general US population. The study analyzed data from over 5,800 HIV-infected patients and observed annual fracture rates 1.98-3.69 times greater than the general population.
A new study published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that chronic pancreatitis cases are not exclusively caused by alcohol consumption, with over 50% of patients having no identifiable cause. Genetic factors and environmental interactions may play a role in disease development.
Dr. Hoang's research aims to understand and explain the underlying mechanisms of tumor progression in osteosarcoma, a type of aggressive bone cancer that often relapses with low survival rates. The award recognizes his work advancing knowledge on how to develop therapies for patients with untreatable sarcomas.
A University of Alberta researcher suggests that excessive prenatal testosterone exposure may contribute to giftedness, leading to increased brain connections and distinct personality traits. Further research is needed to determine the exact processes involved in gifted brain development.
A study published in The Journal of Immunology reveals that the elderly are more susceptible to pneumonia and bacterial infections due to a decline in immune system cells. Researchers have found that macrophages and B cells, which fight bacteria, appear effective but are fewer in number, making them less effective. Developing targeted ...
A Concordia researcher has developed a highly effective computer program to age photographic images of people's faces, improving the accuracy of age-estimation for missing-child investigations and national security. The technique combines active appearance models and support vector regression to predict future facial appearance.
A recent study found that daily iron supplements do not significantly increase hemoglobin levels in healthy pregnant women, but can help alleviate iron-poor blood conditions in Africa. Researchers followed over 1,000 pregnant women and discovered that all participants ended with similar iron levels after three months.
A new blood test measures destruction of lung air sacs and can detect early emphysema in smokers, potentially preventing disease progression. The test is a low-cost screening tool that could help the 20% of American adults who smoke or are exposed to secondhand smoke understand their risk of developing this progressive lung disease.
Researchers studied earthquakes, volcanoes and land use in North America. They found evidence of localized active extension in Italy's central Apennines and a unique rare earth element signature in hydrothermal systems.
Researchers found that mouse neurons mature in their sense of smell after birth, enabling them to distinguish between their mother's scent, siblings', and home fragrance. This maturation process may provide an evolutionary advantage for altricial species by facilitating learning to identify family members.
The TUM team graded over 6,000 timber specimens from ten European countries to determine the influence of origin on strength. They found that some parameters influencing timber properties have yet to be established, but propose classifying timber into three regions based on similar properties.
InDevR received a $3 million Phase II NIH grant to develop an integrated molecular diagnostic platform for influenza screening. The technology aims to provide accurate, rapid, and cost-effective identification of influenza viruses.
Researchers found that rhodopsin, a retina pigment, plays a role in detecting temperature sensations in fruit flies. The discovery reveals a new function of rhodopsin beyond its well-known role as a light sensor.
Researchers have developed a new measurement technology to investigate the structure of composite and biological materials, providing microscopic insights into polymeric networks. The rheometer and confocal microscope system enabled visualization of fluorescently labeled actin networks and filming of polymer filaments' movement in 3-D ...
An Australian study found that 78% of school-aged children slept through a smoke alarm sounding for 30 seconds. The study highlights the importance of child evacuation in domestic fires, as only half of waking children recognized the alarm's sound. Younger children (5-10 years old) are significantly more at risk.
A study in Spain and Greece found that over 30% of hake products sold in these countries were mislabelled, with African fish often labelled as European or American. The error benefits middlemen, not African fishermen.
A recent survey by NORC at the University of Chicago found that Americans prioritize education as the top spending category, followed by healthcare. The study, which analyzed data from 2010, also showed a decline in support for increased spending in some categories, despite the economic downturn.
Researchers discovered that human mammary epithelial cells possess lineage-specific intrinsic abilities to self-organize into domains of lineage specificity, maintaining healthy bi-layered branching organization. The study provides insights into the coordination of stem cell differentiation and tissue architecture maintenance.
Researchers identified four novel biomarkers that can discriminate between healthy controls, asthmatics, and individuals with COPD. These anti-inflammatory proteins may help diagnose respiratory diseases earlier, allowing for more effective treatment.
A groundbreaking study by University of California, Riverside researchers found that personality characteristics and social relations from childhood can predict one's risk of dying decades later. The Longevity Project followed over 1,500 bright children for 20 years, revealing that prudence and persistence are key to a long life.
A new method called Antisolvent Swing Regeneration reduces the amount of heat needed during processing, potentially saving at least 10% of energy. This process uses a recyclable binding organic liquid to remove hydrogen sulfide from natural gas.
Virus researchers discovered that VPS4A plays a key role in the release of HIV particles from infected cells. By labeling the enzyme with Green Fluorescent Protein, they tracked its interaction with nascent virions, revealing complex formation and transient activation before budding.
A randomized trial suggests that preoperative colonic stenting offers no clear benefit over emergency surgery for patients with colorectal cancer and acute malignant left-sided colonic obstruction. The study found a high rate of tumor perforations, which may worsen clinical outcomes.
Scientists found that a protein called Igf2 in the cerebrospinal fluid signals brain cells to multiply during embryonic development. This discovery could lead to new treatments for neurological diseases and cancer by targeting specific areas of the brain, eliminating the need for localized drug delivery.
A study by Columbia Business School professor Stephan Meier found that incentives can decrease public goods contribution and increase free-riding behavior in group environments with informal norm enforcement. The researchers discovered that incentives changed the norm of contribution, making it acceptable to exploit common resources.
Researchers found elevated levels of endothelial microparticles in smokers' blood, even before symptoms appeared. These findings suggest a potential new diagnostic method for early emphysema detection.
Researchers found that eliminating caspase-2 prolongs the life of neurons stressed by pesticide chemicals, a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative disorders like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Neurons lacking caspase-2 increase autophagy to survive.
Researchers investigated cocoa beans and powders to retain naturally occurring flavanols. The study found that alkali processing causes significant loss of flavanols, particularly epicatechin, leading to reduced health benefits.
A new study published in Psychological Science suggests that heat increases feelings of revenge in pitchers, making them more aggressive towards batters who have been hit by a pitch. The researchers found that high temperatures increase the likelihood of retaliation, but not overall aggression in general.
The AgroAtlas project aims to promote world food security in Newly Independent States-countries by providing a geographic distribution of crops, diseases, pests, and wild relatives. The interactive website shows the distributions of 100 crops, 640 crop diseases, and 560 wild crop relatives growing in Russia and neighboring countries.
Cedars-Sinai's COACH for Kids program will provide comprehensive screenings, immunizations and early treatment to over 25,000 medically underserved children annually. The $20,000 grant expands vital healthcare services to homeless children in need.
Researchers found that postmenopausal women on bisphosphonate therapies for osteoporosis had abnormal dental plaque levels, which could endanger the jawbone. The study recommends more frequent dental checkups, including deep periodontal cleanings, to control dental plaque and prevent bone loss.
Trapping prostate cancer stem cells with self-assembling nanomaterials inhibits colony formation and cell division in vitro. The approach may offer a new treatment strategy for metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer by targeting cancer stem cells, which are thought to be the origin of tumor metastasis.