Research by the University of Leeds found that partnering up or planning with someone can really boost the likelihood of sticking to dieting plans, health programmes. Joint planning and 'if...then...' cues made a sustained effect on employees' exercise regimes.
Teens who blogged about their social problems and engaged with an online community showed significant improvement in self-esteem, emotional distress, and positive social behaviors. The study found that blogging had a stronger positive effect than private diary writing alone.
Most patients who survive oesophageal cancer surgery recover an average quality of life, but one in six experience significant deterioration. Hospitals must improve identification and follow-up for these patients to prevent persistently low quality of life.
Graphene nanowiggles exhibit highly varied band gaps and magnetic properties, enabling customization of nanostructures for different tasks. The discovery provides a roadmap for building and designing new devices using these promising nanomaterials.
Fourteen international teams win $4.8 million in grants to investigate 'big data' techniques for humanities and social sciences research. The projects cover topics such as music, Egyptian mummies, and human rights abuses.
A recent study published in Nature shows that a novel combination of HIV vaccine candidates provides partial protection against Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) infection in rhesus monkeys. The optimal vaccine combinations also substantially reduced the amount of virus in the blood.
Robert M. Townsend, a prominent development economist, has been awarded the 2011 Jean-Jacques Laffont Prize for his groundbreaking research on financial systems and their impact on developing economies. The prize recognizes his contributions to understanding the role of financial systems in driving economic growth and development.
A new species of liverwort, Frullania knightbridgei, is discovered in New Zealand and described using revolutionary electronic publishing rules. The publication accelerates scientific discovery and description of new plant species, crucial for understanding early land plant evolution and conserving biodiversity.
Researchers have developed a vaccine that partially protects monkeys against a virulent HIV-like virus, with the best predictor of protection being antibodies targeting the virus surface protein. The study suggests that an immune system mechanism for prevention differs from control of viral replication.
Researchers identified two substances in licorice root that kill major bacteria responsible for tooth decay and gum disease. Licoricidin and licorisoflavan A were found to be effective antibacterial substances, potentially treating or preventing oral infections.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that patients with interrupted health coverage receive significantly fewer preventive tests and vaccines. Continuous health insurance coverage is essential to ensure timely care, even at reduced-cost safety net clinics.
Researchers at California Institute of Technology developed a computer model that explains the distribution of clouds, lakes, and rainstorms on Titan. The model attributes these phenomena to the interaction between sunlight, atmospheric circulation, and methane reservoirs on the surface.
Delegates explored ways to overcome propulsion limitations, including suspended animation and negative mass concepts. Theoretical models offer tantalizing options, but significant hurdles remain before interstellar travel becomes a reality.
A new study reveals that harp seal populations are experiencing sharply higher death rates among pup mortality, with entire year-classes disappearing from the population in low ice years. The study suggests that seasonal sea ice cover has declined by as much as 6% per decade since 1979, leaving the population on thin ice.
Scientists found that a lizard's tail is crucial in preventing forward pitch during leaping. By adding a tail to a robotic car called Tailbot, researchers discovered that it can stabilize its body and remain upright even after stumbling.
A new fermented soy ingredient containing S-equol significantly reduced hot flash frequency in a placebo-controlled study of postmenopausal Japanese women. The supplement also relieved muscle discomfort, including neck and shoulder stiffness.
A quarter century of sweet corn observations revealed shifts in endosperm types and reactions to post-emergence herbicides. Disease-resistant hybrids have increased in availability, allowing breeders to focus on improving resistance without sacrificing seed sales.
Researchers found that women who wrote about their most important values lost more weight than those who didn't. This is because reflecting on core values can boost self-integrity and lead to healthier habits.
Climate change and global trade are expected to increase demand for drought-tolerant plants from Africa and the Middle East, increasing the risk of new invasive species. Ecologists recommend proactive management practices, including pre-emptive screening of nursery stock before imports.
Researchers discovered that statin therapy can reduce blood clotting by targeting the expression of inducible tissue factor, a molecule that triggers abnormal clotting. Elevated levels of oxidized LDL induce tissue factor, which contributes to the formation of an occlusive thrombus after plaque rupture.
The study found that long, thin teeth and delicate dentition were associated with thicker forelimbs, suggesting an evolutionary trade-off between the two traits. This convergence of traits suggests that these prehistoric predators may have relied on their forelimbs to catch and kill prey without fracturing their fangs.
The US military is using acupuncture to help wounded warriors with pain, PTSD, and mild traumatic brain injury. A special issue of Medical Acupuncture explores the potential uses of acupuncture in the military and current research activities.
A recent study conducted in the Netherlands has found a striking link between migrating at a young age and an increased risk of psychotic disorders. Those who migrated before the age of five had a twofold higher risk than those who immigrated as adults.
A global study reveals that antibiotic prophylaxis significantly reduces group B streptococcal infections in newborns, especially in Africa. The study's findings suggest developing vaccines could have near-universal applicability due to similar strain distributions worldwide.
A new study published in PLoS ONE found significant personality differences between men and women, contrary to previous underestimation. The researchers analyzed data from over 10,000 participants using a comprehensive personality test, revealing large discrepancies in traits such as warmth, sensitivity, and perfectionism.
A new study found that weight loss surgery, particularly gastric bypass, has a significant beneficial effect on glucose control for patients with type 2 diabetes. Only 41% of patients achieved complete remission using stringent criteria, while other types of surgery had lower success rates.
William C. Mobley, chair of UC San Diego's Department of Neurosciences, received the International Sisley-Jérôme Lejeune Prize for his innovative research on treatments for neurological disabilities, including Down syndrome. The prize acknowledges his contributions to advancing care and management of intellectual disabilities.
The American Cancer Society's annual report shows a decline in cancer incidence and death rates, particularly among African American men and women. The report also highlights increasing trends in certain cancers, such as pancreatic and liver cancer, which may be linked to obesity and early detection practices.
Scientists found that a low-pressure pattern in the Arctic Oscillation caused Russian river water to flow into the Beaufort Sea, freshening it. The phenomenon has significant implications for global climate, as freshwater can protect sea ice and affect ocean circulation.
Research suggests that Burmese pythons from the Florida Everglades can survive in marine and estuarine environments for several months, raising concerns about their potential spread to nearby islands. The study found that hatchling pythons could live up to five months with only salt water to drink.
A Concordia-led research team found that Lithocholic acid (LCA) selectively kills cancer cells while sparing healthy ones. LCA targets cancer cell sensors, triggering mitochondrial self-destruction and bringing the cell down.
Researchers have discovered a protein called Islet Homeostasis Protein (IHoP) that regulates blood sugar levels by balancing insulin and glucagon. The protein's presence helps maintain healthy glucose levels, while its absence leads to increased glucagon and insulin resistance.
A new study assesses the potential reasons for the continued lack of success in preventing and controlling Lyme disease in the US Northeast. The study identifies critical areas where additional knowledge is needed to improve prevention and control strategies, including host infestation rates, habitat diversity, and human behavior.
A study by Lidia Morawska and colleagues found that older vacuum cleaners, even those with HEPA filters, release higher levels of fine dust and bacteria into the air. Newer models were generally less polluting, suggesting age and cost can impact emission rates.
The Encyclopedia of Life has grown from 30,000 pages to over 900,000 with a 2,900% increase in content, thanks to new partnerships and language additions. The platform now serves information on 15,000 species in Spanish and provides conservation data from the IUCN and NatureServe.
A new study found that prehistoric predators with large canines had beefier arm bones, a combination seen in sabertooth cats and other extinct mammals. The researchers discovered this pattern through the analysis of fossilized arm bones and teeth, finding convergence across multiple species.
Scientists have discovered an improved method to remove carbon dioxide from smokestacks, tailpipes, and the atmosphere. The new materials achieve high carbon dioxide removal capacity, especially in humid air, making them a potential solution for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Scientists have recorded the first association between a black-marble jawfish and a mimic octopus. The jawfish sticks close to the octopus for protection, allowing it to venture away from its burrow to look for food. This unique case highlights the complex interactions within coral reef ecosystems.
A study by the University of Colorado Boulder found that nap-deprived toddlers show more anxiety, less joy and interest, and poorer problem-solving skills. Insufficient sleep alters their facial expressions, making them respond less positively to exciting events and more negatively to frustrating ones.
Research reveals that aging-related tissue degeneration is caused by defects in energy metabolism of tissue stem cells. Early antioxidant treatment may partially prevent these defects, indicating a key role for oxygen radicals in regulating stem cell function.
A new study suggests that climate models may grossly underestimate future extinctions by neglecting species competition and movement. Animals with small geographic ranges and specific habitat needs are likely to go extinct, while those with wider tolerances will thrive.
Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have discovered that injecting stem cells from young, healthy animals into rapidly aging mice can improve their health and increase their lifespan. The study found that stem cell dysfunction is a major contributor to the aging process.
A new $1.2 million grant will fund research and teacher training for doctoral students at the University of California, Riverside, focusing on students with disabilities. The program aims to improve reading skills and comprehension among low-skilled students, including English language learners.
Researchers found that hydrogen sulfide decreases the production of scarring proteins in kidney cells exposed to high glucose levels. The study paves the way for future research in animal models of diabetic kidney disease.
Conservation researchers at San Diego Zoo Global's Institute of Conservation Research have developed a low-cost, molecular tool for identifying two-toed sloth species. The technique uses a mitochondrial marker and restriction enzyme assay to distinguish between closely related species.
A study of over 14,000 Medicare patients with peripheral arterial disease found that treatment by interventional radiologists results in better patient outcomes and lower costs. The study suggests that consumers have a choice in selecting healthcare providers and can expect varying levels of quality and cost depending on the specialist
The University of Louisville has introduced a new transcatheter aortic-valve replacement (TAVR) procedure to treat severe aortic stenosis, allowing patients to avoid traditional open-heart surgery. The procedure involves implanting a biological valve through a catheter and expanding it with a balloon.
Researchers have identified a 90% accuracy biomarker that increases the risk of developing Alzheimer's by 10 years. Patients with low levels of beta-amyloid and high tau protein levels are at highest risk, indicating potential therapeutic targets for early intervention.
A new species, Solanum baretiae, has been named in honor of Jeanne Baret, a Frenchwoman who disguised herself as a man to work on a historic botany expedition. The species is endemic to southern Ecuador and northern Peru, reflecting Baret's adventurous spirit.
Researchers have identified a crucial role for FGF20 in the development of the mouse inner ear, revealing a potential target for regenerating outer hair cells and treating human deafness.
Researchers at Michigan State University used advanced DNA testing to confirm the presence of brucellosis in skeletal remains from medieval Albania, suggesting the disease was endemic in the region since the Middle Ages. The findings provide valuable insights into the history of infectious diseases and their impact on human health.
A study by University of South Florida researchers found that elevated levels of an amyloid precursor protein fragment in the blood may explain aberrations in immune cell populations and function. The findings suggest that the protein fragment could be both a biomarker for autism and a new research target.
A UCSF-led study found that children with biliary atresia who received maternal liver grafts had a failure rate of 3.7%, compared to 10.5% for paternal grafts. The researchers believe higher levels of maternal cells may establish tolerance and acceptance of maternal organs.
Fourteen teams from the UK, Canada, Netherlands, and US have been awarded over £3 million to develop innovative humanities and social science research using large-scale data analysis. The projects focus on applying computational techniques to understand population databases, digitised newspapers, and medieval charters.
Studies found that p53 activation in fat tissue accelerates insulin resistance in heart failure patients. Researchers hope to develop an anti-aging therapy targeting inflammation without compromising tumor-fighting abilities.
A new study suggests that home monitoring strategies, including self-care, phone calls from nurses, and telemedicine, can effectively track heart failure disease-management and early identification. The authors recommend a multi-pronged approach, combining monitoring with patient follow-up and feedback to improve outcomes.
The FGF20 gene is required for proper development of the mouse inner ear, and its inactivation leads to a loss of outer hair cells. Researchers found that FGF20 signaling must occur on or before day 14 of embryonic development to produce a normal inner ear.
A study of 25 healthy individuals found that consuming a low-protein diet resulted in less weight gain compared to normal and high protein diets, with calories alone contributing to an increase in body fat. Protein intake also affected energy expenditure and lean body mass.
LSUHSC researchers found that the ISG15 pathway triggers a cellular defense system that disrupts normal cytoskeletal function and increases cancer cell metastasis. This discovery provides a novel therapeutic target for future drug discovery and has important implications in other cancers.
A new study by NHM entomologist Dr. Brian Brown and others reveals the tiny but deadly phorid fly poses a significant threat to North American beekeeping. The research sheds light on hive abandonment behaviors seen in Colony Collapse Disorder, potentially providing a partial explanation for these catastrophic losses.