A 13-year-old boy underwent a groundbreaking stem cell trachea transplant in 2010, with the new organ strengthening over time and not inducing rejection. The child's successful recovery has sparked calls for further research to increase availability of transplanted tracheas.
The National Science Foundation has awarded a three-year grant to Virginia Tech to optimize DNA molecule fabrication using industrial engineering methods. The project aims to increase productivity in life science research and create manufacturing jobs for undereducated individuals.
A recent study has found that adding computed tomography (CT) scans to standard screening procedures can help emergency room staff rapidly determine whether patients are having a heart attack or not. This allows for quicker discharges and reduced hospital stays, with half of patients discharged in under 9 hours.
A study by NYU and Temple researchers found that local weather patterns temporarily affect people's beliefs about evidence for global warming. Americans living in warmer-than-normal temperatures were more likely to agree that there is solid evidence for global warming, with a 1% increase for every 3°F rise above normal.
Researchers urge physicians to ask about ED symptoms in men over 30 with cardiovascular risk factors and all diabetic men. Early detection can lower healthcare costs and improve outcomes, as ED shares similar risk factors with cardiovascular disease.
Researchers at the University of York are launching a major study to improve survival rates for myeloma and lymphoma patients through earlier diagnosis. The study aims to develop an evidence base that could reduce time-to-diagnosis in patients with these cancers, ultimately saving thousands of lives.
Young children exhibit similar associative learning and problem-solving skills to birds until around 8 years old. After this age, their performance surpasses that of the birds, according to a new study published in PLOS ONE.
A dual-vaccine model addressing heroin abuse and HIV could treat addiction while preventing infection, says NIDA. The proposal combines hapten-based vaccines for a potent adjuvant formulation, inducing high-titer antibodies to heroin.
A comprehensive analysis of studies on educational interventions to improve spatial thinking found that people of all ages can benefit from training in various spatial skills.
A 500-year-old Incan mummy was found to have a bacterial lung infection at the time of death, according to a new study published in PLOS ONE. The researchers used proteomics to analyze immune system response from degraded samples and found that one mummy had a protein profile similar to those with chronic respiratory infections.
The American Health Assistance Foundation has awarded grants to scientists worldwide studying the link between Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma, as well as protective mechanisms for eye cells. Researchers are also developing new treatments for macular degeneration, a condition causing vision loss in older adults.
A new study by University of Nevada, Reno's Glenn Biasi and colleagues at GNS Science in New Zealand found that the Alpine Fault has been experiencing relatively regular magnitude 8 earthquakes for at least 8,000 years. This extends the known seismic record from 1000 years ago to 8,000 years ago.
Research from the University of Alberta found that paraplegic women were left without necessary support, abandoned by their families after the quake. Women with spinal injuries faced a lack of care, including being left behind by husbands who remarried.
Researchers have identified genetic and blood serum markers that can predict the rapid progression of hepatitis C disease, allowing for more effective treatment decisions. Patients with high levels of a specific protein called MCP-1 are at risk for severe liver diseases.
A survey of Michigan residents shows overwhelming support for government programs helping farmers adapt to climate change. The study found that more than 65% of respondents backed financial assistance for farmers, with many linking it to concerns over recent food price increases and long-term food security.
Researchers from the British Columbia Cancer Research Center analyzed lung tumors exposed to arsenic, highlighting genetic and epigenetic changes driving carcinogenesis. These findings may help prevent arsenic-related cancer in regions with low exposure levels.
Researchers from IMIM have deciphered the role of β-catenin in generating haematopoietic stem cells, which can be used to treat leukaemia patients without compatible donors. The study lays the foundation for laboratory-generated stem cells that can improve transplant quality and quantity.
A York University study found that songbirds follow a strict annual schedule when migrating to their breeding grounds. The research tracked the migration routes and timing of individual birds over multiple years, revealing consistent departure times with only three-day differences from year to year.
Two Canadian researchers are developing innovative approaches to oncolytic viruses that selectively target and kill cancer cells while sparing healthy ones. They will study the use of specially engineered viruses combined with new drugs to overcome tumor defense mechanisms.
Researchers are developing a multiple marker test in peripheral blood to detect lung cancer, promising an earlier diagnosis. The test discriminated between healthy donors and patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with high accuracy.
Researchers compared Eurasian Jays with local school children using three tasks of varying complexity, revealing that children learn cause-and-effect relationships in a different way than birds. The study found that while the birds struggled to understand the mechanism, the children focused on simple cause-effect relationships.
A study from the University at Buffalo's Research Institute on Addictions found a link between consuming caffeinated energy drinks mixed with alcohol and having casual -- often risky -- sex among college-age adults. The study suggests that mixing energy drinks with alcohol can lead to unintentional overdrinking, increasing the risk of ...
The James Webb Space Telescope's NIRISS and FGS instruments, developed by University of Montreal's Professor René Doyon, will study the universe from a record-breaking distance. These Canadian-made instruments will analyze stars and galaxies dating back to the Big Bang and search for life-supporting planetary systems.
Research suggests that dualist philosophy can lead to reckless attitudes towards health and exercise, and a preference for unhealthy diet. People primed with dualist beliefs also reported stronger mind-body separation, viewing bodies as disposable vessels.
Scientists have discovered a one-mile deep rift valley hidden beneath the ice in West Antarctica, contributing to ice loss from this part of the continent. The newly discovered Ferrigno Rift is part of a huge and yet poorly understood rift system that lies beneath the West Antarctic Ice Sheet.
Researchers have discovered a new strategy to directly attack and eradicate latent HIV infection using the deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat. The study showed that vorinostat was able to unmask hidden virus in patients receiving treatment for HIV, increasing active HIV levels by an average of 4.5-fold.
A study by University of Missouri researcher Ross O'Hara found that young people who watch more sexually explicit movies tend to engage in more sexual behavior and start having sex at a younger age. The study also discovered that adolescents exposed to more sexual content in movies are less likely to use condoms with casual partners.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that monarch butterflies with darker orange wings flew significantly longer distances than those with lighter wings. The study suggests an association between pigment level and flight distance, paving the way for further research into butterfly wing color.
A novel gene therapy approach has been developed to increase frataxin protein levels in Friedreich's ataxia patients. The method, using TALE proteins, successfully boosted frataxin production by 2-3 fold, offering a potential solution for treating the genetic disorder.
Researchers at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging found that rapamycin improved function and extended survival in mice with a genetic mutation leading to dilated cardiomyopathy and rare muscular dystrophies. The study suggests a therapeutic possibility for human patients suffering from this form of disease.
A team of scientists has discovered a chemical that temporarily restores some vision to blind mice by making normally 'blind' cells sensitive to light. The approach holds promise for treating humans with degenerative blindness, including retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration.
A new study suggests that men's brains perceive women primarily as body parts, whereas women tend to view men in a more holistic manner. The research found consistent results across both male and female participants, suggesting a fundamental difference in cognitive processing between the two genders.
A Kansas State University researcher has developed a guidebook for creating intergenerational classrooms in nursing homes, where children and seniors can learn from each other. The program has been shown to improve the health and well-being of nursing home residents, while also promoting social development and a sense of purpose.
A recent clinical trial published in Neurological Sciences demonstrates the efficacy of Sea-Band wristbands in reducing migraine-related nausea. The study showed significant improvement in nausea scores and a high percentage of responders to treatment, supporting the use of Sea-Band as a drug-free remedy for this condition.
A new gene therapy approach successfully treats genetic hearing loss in mice by delivering the VGLUT3 gene to inner ear cells. This breakthrough offers a promising potential treatment for individuals born deaf, with improved hearing lasting up to 1.5 years in adult mice.
Researchers used LiDAR and satellite image analysis to create detailed maps of the Colombian Amazon's carbon stores, unlocking new methods for monitoring and conserving the region. The breakthrough supports the UN's REDD+ program and has implications for climate change mitigation in Colombia.
Research published in the Journal of Clinical Nursing found that women are more affected by strokes and mini strokes than men, particularly in terms of emotional and social aspects. The study highlights the need for equal support and care for female patients after discharge from hospital to address this disparity.
Researchers used piglets in mazes to study human cognitive development, finding that environmental insults can affect brain structure and function. The piglet model allows for the testing of learning and memory tasks, providing insights into how stressors impact brain development.
Researchers modelled comets and asteroid particles to explain their origins and compositions. The study found that these particles could have been processed in the hot inner disk of the Solar System before traveling out to icy comets, shedding light on the puzzle of how comets acquired different rim compositions.
A team of citizen scientists, led by Dr Andy Grierson, analyzed human genome data to identify new clues on the Y chromosome, revealing a detailed family tree for Western European men. This community-led approach has the potential to facilitate rapid progress in understanding historical human migrations and paternal lineages.
Scientists at University College Dublin discovered a thriving population of Mediterranean earthworms in an urban farm in Dublin, Ireland. The species, Prosellodrilus amplisetosus, has expanded its geographical habitat range due to rising soil temperatures caused by climate change.
A new study by Michigan State University researchers found that multinational firms perform better over time, especially when they have a global strategy and coordinate efforts across multiple countries. The study, which analyzed data from nearly 48,000 firms, also found that firm size does not affect success in multinationality.
A novel procedure in JoVE enables scientists to study the effects of interstitial fluid flow on tumor cells, promoting a better understanding of tumor growth and metastasis. The technique mimics in vivo conditions, allowing researchers to evaluate potential new therapies.
A UCSF study found that women with diabetes are more likely to report low overall sexual satisfaction compared to non-diabetic women. Insulin-treated diabetic women were at higher risk for lubrication and orgasm complications, while end-organ complications such as heart disease and peripheral neuropathy also impacted sexual function.
A recent study found that most celiac disease patients do not receive adequate medical follow-up, which can lead to non-compliance with a gluten-free diet. The study suggests that gastroenterologists need to improve communication with patients to ensure timely follow-up care and improve outcomes in celiac disease.
A recent NIH-funded study found a 2.8% overall rate of new HIV infections among black MSM in the US, with a higher incidence rate among individuals aged 18-30. The study also identified associations between HIV infection and high rates of untreated STIs and poverty.
A study by Penn's Daniel Janzen and colleagues reveals that four-fifths of protected forest areas have experienced declines in health, with half suffering more serious losses. The research highlights the challenges faced by conservation efforts, including human encroachment, logging, and climate change.
A new study found that basal cell carcinoma risk can persist even after multiple instances of the disease, with predictors including a history of eczema and early sun exposure. Researchers are exploring preventive medication options to minimize damage.
Researchers at Arizona State University develop first vaccine complex that can be delivered safely and effectively by piggybacking onto self-assembled, three-dimensional DNA nanostructures. The vaccine complexes trigger a robust immune response up to 9-fold higher than traditional methods.
A new cause of congenital myopathy has been identified through research published in the American Journal of Human Genetics. The discovery of a previously uncharacterized gene provides a genetic explanation for the disease and may lead to the development of therapies.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a bacterial gene that enables microbes to thrive in oxygen-depleted conditions, producing lipid biomarkers that may signify dramatic changes in Earth's history. This discovery could provide insights into mass extinctions and climate disturbances.
A recent study by the Institute for Ocean Conservation Science found that international protection of sturgeon species has reduced fraudulent labeling of black caviar. The research revealed a nearly 50% decrease in mislabeled products, indicating the effectiveness of trade regulation.
Researchers at Texas A&M University discovered that the antidepressant sertraline hydrochloride (ZOLOFT) exhibits potent mechanisms against Cryptococcus neoformans, the major causative agent of fungal meningitis. The study suggests that ZOLOFT could be repurposed as a treatment option for this deadly infection.
A recent Harvard study found that expanding Medicaid coverage to low-income adults leads to significant improvements in health and reduced mortality rates. The study analyzed data from three states with expanded Medicaid programs and found a 6.1% reduction in mortality among those covered, corresponding to 2,840 deaths prevented per year.
Researchers analyzed meteorite fragments from Tagish Lake in Canada and found large left-hand excesses of aspartic acid, an amino acid used by life, while alanine showed a much smaller excess. The team suggests that liquid water inside asteroids may favor the production of left-handed proteinogenic amino acids.
The game, developed with Portuguese company Stand Clear Ltd, features a robot that recognizes facial expressions and responds accordingly. Players can collect bolts and batteries while avoiding obstacles in various scenarios, with the goal of helping FLASH master social niceties to earn bonus points.
Researchers have successfully grown healthy small-diameter blood vessels using adult stem cells extracted during liposuction. These lab-grown vessels may replace the need for grafts from elsewhere in the body or artificial blood vessels, reducing risks of clotting and rejection.
A recent study published in Nature highlights the challenges facing tropical protected areas, but also shows that long-term engagement with conservation can have positive results. Conservation efforts in Tanzania's Udzungwa mountains have paid dividends, with the reserve remaining relatively unchanged from a biodiversity point of view.
Researchers at John Theurer Cancer Center found carfilzomib to be clinically significant in responding heavily-pretreated patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. In the multi-center phase IIb study, ORR was 23.7% with median DOR of 7.8 months.
Two studies published in the Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery found that high blood sugar and obesity significantly increase the risk of surgical site infections after orthopaedic trauma and total joint replacement. Nearly one-third of hospital admissions without diabetes have hyperglycemia, which is associated with longer stays, ICU ...
A new study published in PLOS ONE found that hunter-gatherers, such as the Hadza tribe, expend a similar amount of energy daily as Western adults, contradicting the long-held assumption that their ancestors burned more calories. This similarity suggests that habitual metabolic rates are relatively constant among human populations.
Researchers are developing small UAVs that can navigate complex environments, such as forests and urban settings, at high speeds. By studying birds' flight strategies and behavioral processes, scientists aim to create compact platforms with limited sensing that can safely move through challenging environments.
Researchers discovered that importin beta1, a crucial protein for nerve repair, is produced locally in the axons of peripheral nerve cells. This finding has significant implications for treating nerve damage and may lead to better treatments and faster repair.
A new study published in Addiction journal reveals that even occasional ecstasy use can lead to memory impairments, particularly with damage to the hippocampus. The research found that participants who took ten or more pills over their first year showed decreased function of immediate and short-term memory.
A new measure of arrogance, the Workplace Arrogance Scale (WARS), can help organizations identify and address arrogant managers. Developed by researchers at The University of Akron and Michigan State University, WARS is correlated with lower intelligence scores and lower self-esteem in managers.
A low-protein diet during pregnancy may increase the risk of hypertension in children. Research suggests that reduced activity of an enzyme called Hsd17b2 allows more testosterone to reach the fetus, leading to increased susceptibility to adulthood hypertension.
A new study by William Laurance and co-authors finds that nearly half of tropical forest reserves are ineffective in protecting biodiversity. Well-protected reserves also show signs of decline, highlighting the need for improved conservation efforts to safeguard these critical ecosystems.
Scientists investigate the use of novel AKT inhibitor MK-2206 in combination with erlotinib as a second-line defense for patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have developed resistance to erlotinib. A Phase II trial has shown promising initial results.
Researchers from the University of Southampton have devised a novel method for forming virtual power plants to provide renewable energy production in the UK. They designed a payment mechanism that incentivizes DERs to join CVPPs with large overall production, utilizing intelligent software agents and proper scoring rules to improve acc...
A recent study published by researchers at UCSF found that increasing dopamine levels in the frontal cortex significantly decreased impulsivity in healthy adults. The study used a medication approved for Parkinson's disease to raise dopamine levels and measured its effect on decision-making tasks.
A new study reveals that myotonic dystrophy patients prioritize fatigue, mobility, and sleep problems over symptoms like myotonia, which are often considered hallmark symptoms. Researchers have developed a patient-reported outcome measure to better evaluate the impact of experimental therapies on patients' lives.
Research at Queen's University Belfast found that children who grew up during the worst years of violence have the highest suicide rates and most rapidly increasing rates. The study attributes this to a range of factors including social isolation, poor mental health, and increased political stability.
A study found that incorporating CT angiography into the initial evaluation of low-risk patients with chest pain reduced hospital stay time by half and decreased costs without increasing the risk of missed diagnosis. The use of CCTA also led to fewer adverse clinical events, but future studies are needed to confirm its effectiveness.
Researchers found that fungal hyphae can transport contaminants, bypassing air barriers, allowing for potential environmental remediation. This ability enables fungi to overcome limitations in nutrient uptake, suggesting a broader role in facilitating contaminant movement.