Two NASA visualizations have been selected for the SIGGRAPH Computer Animation Festival: a lunar surface tour and an animation illustrating how the sun drives Earth's ocean currents. The festival highlights the best in computer graphics and technical research, with the chosen animations meeting strict guidelines.
Scientists have developed a novel method for extracting oil from algae using supercritical carbon dioxide, reducing energy consumption and costs. The new process could make biodiesel production from algae more efficient, affordable and environmentally friendly.
Researchers found that high trust in feelings amplifies emotionally driven responses, even when faced with compelling information favoring the opposite choice. The study suggests that relying on feelings as information can lead to irrational decisions.
Researchers found that combining GDC-0449 with standard chemotherapy improved response rates and progression-free survival for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. The treatment targets the desmoplastic stroma and pancreatic cancer stem cells, which contribute to disease resistance.
A recent study found that consumers who identify closely with a particular group tend to heighten their preference for products linked to the threatened identity. This response is driven by a need to activate and reinforce their sense of belonging.
Researchers found that adding certain apolipoproteins and lipoproteins to risk scores improved cardiovascular disease prediction in individuals without known CVD. However, the addition of these markers did not improve discrimination beyond conventional risk factors, and the clinical benefits remain uncertain.
A study published in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B found that mother goats can recognize their kids' voices even after they've been separated by weaning. The researchers recorded kid calls at five weeks old and played them back to mothers 12-18 months later, revealing that the memory remains.
The UK Space Agency has invested £11.5M in the Solar Orbiter mission, which will discover how the Sun creates and controls the heliosphere by flying closer than ever before to the Sun. The mission will study the Sun's magnetic field and solar activity, including coronal mass ejections that can affect Earth.
The Global Energy Assessment outlines 41 alternative sustainable energy pathways that offer viable, cost-effective choices for policy makers. The study finds that a rapid transformation to clean energy technologies is economically viable and can deliver clean energy to 1.4 billion people without increasing greenhouse gas emissions.
New study finds that most massive black-hole growth in the early universe was fueled by small, long-term events rather than dramatic short-term major mergers. Quasars thrive in normal-looking spiral galaxies, triggered by black holes snacking on gas or small satellite galaxies.
Researchers at Kansas State University found that single mothers who spend quality time with their children experience lower levels of parental stress. Engaging in daily activities such as reading, playing games, or putting the child to bed can help alleviate stress and provide a sense of fulfillment.
A systematic review found that private healthcare is not superior to the public sector in terms of efficiency, accountability, or effectiveness. The public sector often lacks timeliness and hospitality, while both sectors have financial barriers to care.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research found that consumers underestimate how often they make 'exceptional' purchases, leading to overspending. The authors suggest that understanding these differences can help consumers make wiser budgeting decisions.
Research from the University of Exeter suggests that adopting a diet with lower meat consumption could significantly reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. The study found that increasing agricultural efficiency, especially in livestock production, could help achieve this goal by making better use of resources and reducing waste.
Researchers identified a genetic marker in the vitamin D receptor gene associated with improved overall survival rates among pancreatic cancer patients. The study's findings suggest that this genetic variation may play a role in the survival of patients treated for advanced pancreatic cancer.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation provides guidance on screening strategies for osteoporosis in young adults, emphasizing the need for caution in diagnosis and treatment. The review highlights the importance of distinguishing between low bone mass and skeletal fragility in this age group.
A new study reveals that restoring floodplain forests helps migratory songbirds survive the winter, providing vital habitat for birds from Alaska and Canada. The research also found that restored forests are equally preferred to existing older forests by some species, including Lincoln's and White-crowned Sparrows.
A phase I study found the combination of erlotinib, bevacizumab, capecitabine, and radiotherapy to be safe and well-tolerated in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. The regimen showed promising activity, with a low toxicity rate, and was associated with improved survival rates for some patients.
Researchers have identified a mechanism by which small heat shock proteins collaborate with other molecular chaperones to disassemble amyloid fibers. This activity could lead to the development of therapeutic applications for neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease.
Researchers employ pluripotent stem cells to model spinal muscular atrophy, revealing cell death mechanisms and identifying potential pharmaceutical treatments. The study provides an important clue for developing medicines to reverse or prevent motor neuron cell death in patients with the disease.
A new study highlights how parents, coaches, and youth sport organizations can promote healthful eating for youth athletes. Parents reported frequent visits to fast-food restaurants and struggled to determine which food options were healthy, despite considering youth sports an unhealthy environment.
A new study has identified elevated levels of four neurotrophic factors in a mouse model of pancreatic cancer, which could be responsible for the development of pain in patients. These findings suggest that tumor-nerve interactions play a significant role in cancer progression and pain.
A natural compound found in fruits, nuts and red wine has shown improved physical performance and endurance in lab models. Researchers plan to test resveratrol on diabetics with heart failure to improve heart function and exercise capabilities.
A new system, Terra-i, monitors deforestation across Latin America every 16 days, revealing significant increases in deforestation rates in Colombia and Paraguay. The system uses NASA's MODIS satellite sensor to assess land cover change and highlight emerging hotspots of deforestation.
Researchers found that combining TH-302 with radiation reduced tumor growth in high and medium hypoxic xenografts, but not in low- or nonhypoxic implants. Tumor growth rates were also crucial in predicting treatment efficacy.
Researchers discover 9 new genera of ants in the Philippines, bringing the total to 474 known species. Habitat destruction threatens these unique communities and many more remain unexplored.
A new survey found that only 36.5% of coronary heart disease patients in Europe participate in cardiac rehabilitation, despite the American Heart Association's recommendation. The study suggests that smoking, older age, and lower educational attainment are associated with lower attendance rates.
Researchers have developed a method to produce silver nanoparticles using pomegranate peel as a reducing agent, avoiding the use of harsh chemicals and industrial solvents. The process produces nanoparticles with a diameter of 5 nanometers and has potential applications in various fields.
A team of researchers has discovered that a part of the brain, known as the frontopolar cortex, plays a critical role in making short-term predictions about what will happen next. This region helps individuals make decisions in rapidly changing environments by learning from past experiences and anticipating future events.
A new study proposes a highly accurate blood-based screen for pancreatic adenocarcinoma, which could lead to earlier detection and improved survival rates. Researchers identified 40 biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity, offering hope for developing an effective panel.
Researchers identify a critical neurological factor in aggression, blocking it in mice to suggest potential treatments for severe aggression. The study's findings have significant breakthrough potential for developing drug targets for pathological aggression.
A Wayne State University researcher is studying the impact of training animal shelter dogs on social skills and quality of life in incarcerated teens. The study aims to measure effects on depression, empathy, and attachment to both humans and animals.
A study of 1117 children aged 12-36 months found that many were investigated for maltreatment and had mental health problems, but only a small percentage received treatment. The findings highlight the need for early intervention and services for young children in child welfare.
A Purdue University study found that monounsaturated fat-rich dressings promote equivalent carotenoid absorption at low and high levels of fat. In contrast, saturated fat dressings required higher amounts of fat for the same benefit, while polyunsaturated fat dressings were highly dependent on dose.
A new ACS video series provides an overview of the chemistry behind sunscreens, explaining how they protect against UV rays. The video also offers pointers on shopping for effective sunscreen products, highlighting the importance of SPF numbers in choosing the right product.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet used mobile data to predict population movements after a disaster, improving aid delivery accuracy. By analyzing patterns in anonymous user locations before and after the 2010 Haiti earthquake, they were able to accurately forecast people's whereabouts with 85% probability.
A recent study has identified the RLIP76 protein as a key contributor to pancreatic cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. Depleting levels of this protein was found to kill human pancreatic cancer cells in culture and shrink established tumors in mice, making it a potential new treatment target.
Researchers at MIT used zebrafish to study genes associated with autism, finding that nearly all produced brain abnormalities when deleted. The study identified two key genes, kif22 and aldolase a, which may contribute to the development of neurological disorders.
A study published in JAMA Network found that older adults are at a significantly higher risk of developing untreated kidney failure, with rates increasing with age. The study suggests that the incidence of advanced kidney disease in the elderly may be substantially underestimated by rates of treated kidney failure alone.
A new study reveals that consumers shop proactively to protect themselves against potential challenges, yet reactively after experiencing stress. They tend to choose products specifically associated with bolstering or guarding the self under threat.
A major population study found that women who worked nights had a 30% higher risk of developing breast cancer compared to those who never worked nights. The study also suggested that women who worked at night prior to a first pregnancy may be more vulnerable to the increased risk.
Researchers discovered that dopamine inhibits melatonin production by forming 'heteromers' with norepinephrine receptors, regulating the body's circadian rhythm. This discovery could lead to new treatments for circadian rhythm disturbances and sleep disorders affecting 40% of the world's population.
Scientists used data from orbiting spacecraft to determine the size of carbon dioxide snow particles in Martian clouds. The study found particles at both poles are about the size of a red blood cell, with differences in size between the south and north poles.
The study found that iron is the best and quickest catalyst to heal topological defects in nanotubes, which are critical for advanced materials. The researchers determined that healing occurs in a small zone near the catalyst and can happen in a fraction of a millisecond.
The Advanced Denim process produces jeans using significantly less water, energy, and waste than traditional methods. This technology has the potential to save 2.5 billion gallons of water and eliminate 8.3 million cubic meters of wastewater annually.
A study by University of Nevada, Reno scientists found that female black brant geese experience a 16% decline in survival after losing their mate. Only the fittest females with better body condition can re-pair and reproduce again.
A global collaboration led by the University of York is examining key areas of reproductive, maternal and newborn care within midwifery services. The project will culminate in a special series on midwifery in The Lancet, providing evidence to guide national decision-making and improve midwifery services.
Tropical Storm Talim formed in the South China Sea on June 18, with NASA's TRMM satellite capturing moderate to heavy rainfall data. The storm is currently moving northeastward at 11 knots and is expected to weaken as it passes through the Strait of Taiwan.
A Johns Hopkins University research team found that the deep catch stroke, resembling a paddle, is more efficient and effective than the sculling stroke. The study used high-precision laser scans and computer simulations to analyze fluid dynamics around the arm and forces acting on the limb.
A new study found that consumers' preference for larger selections decreases when making choices involving the distant future. Consumers tend to focus on end goals and less about how to get there, leading them to prefer smaller and simpler assortment of options.
Researchers have discovered a new indicator for breast cancer relapse, directly associated with the activation of NF-kB signaling in tumour cells. The absence of the 14-3-3 protein sigma is not itself a prognosis factor, but its lack enables chronic NF-kB activity linked to tumour progression.
Consumers exhibit higher creativity and are more likely to buy new products with moderate background noise. This optimal level of noise induces distraction, encouraging abstract thinking and creative solutions.
A recent study published in Current Directions in Psychological Science found that color-blind policies can backfire, leading to increased racial bias and tension. The authors propose a multicultural approach as an alternative, which has been shown to improve understanding and spotting of discrimination., Minority applicants perceive d...
Researchers have elucidated the structure of a key protein involved in DNA double-strand break repair. The MRN complex plays a crucial role in cell survival and function, with mutations linked to distinct syndromes and predispositions to cancer, radiation sensitivity, and neurodegeneration.
A population-based study has found that high levels of ultraviolet radiation at birth, sun-sensitive skin type, and a history of skin cancer decreased the risk of pancreatic cancer. Participants born in areas with high UV radiation had a 24% lower risk compared to those born in low UV areas.
A study by Steffen Torp and colleagues found that long-term cancer survivors take significantly more sick leave than their non-cancer counterparts. Socio-demographic factors, such as education level and family status, were key predictors of sick leave, rather than the type or severity of cancer.
Researchers have created a dynamic 3D computer model of the human P-glycoprotein, which is thought to contribute to chemotherapy failure in many recurring cancers. The model enables scientists to virtually screen over 8 million potential drug compounds to find one that can help stop chemotherapy resistance.
A recent study found that asymptomatic rhinovirus infections were present in up to 60.5% of university students during an 8-week period, highlighting the potential for silent transmission. Researchers detected significantly lower viral loads in asymptomatic cases compared to symptomatic ones.
Researchers found that feeding mice house dust from dog-holding homes protected them against a common respiratory virus, RSV. The study suggests that microbes in the dust may modulate immune responses and protect against the virus.
A study by researchers at the University of Arizona found that pest populations are evolving resistance to genetically modified cotton plants, which produce toxins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis. The discovery highlights the need for closer monitoring and countering of pest resistance to biotech crops.
A recent NIH study found that HIV-positive young men are more likely to experience low bone mass than their peers. Regular monitoring, exercise, and sufficient vitamin D intake can help prevent future fracture risk. The study's findings highlight the importance of addressing bone health in this vulnerable population.
Young children are happier when giving treats to others than receiving them, according to a new UBC study. Toddlers under two years old display greater happiness when sharing their own treats with a puppet compared to receiving identical or provided treats.
Wild zebrafish use social learning to assess risk by observing other individuals' behavior and adjusting their own. They become more bold after interacting with bolder domesticated fish but do not change their behavior when encountering shy ones.
A new series by PLOS Medicine examines the role of the multinational food industry in shaping global health policies. Guest editors Marion Nestle and David Stuckler argue that public health professionals must recognize Big Food's influence and take action to expose and regulate its interests.
A recent UTHealth study found that lack of time and training are among the top barriers to effective physical activity counseling in primary care. The review highlights the need for evidence-based counseling methods and strategies to promote patient behavior change.
Research found that blogging positively impacts new mothers' well-being by increasing feelings of social support, marital satisfaction, and reducing parenting stress. Blogging provides an outlet for stay-at-home moms to connect with family and friends, showcasing their hobbies and accomplishments.
The Particle Data Group's 2012 edition is a comprehensive review of high-energy physics, covering results from the Large Hadron Collider and new data on neutrino oscillation. The online version includes an interactive web application for browsing the database and print-quality displays of mathematical expressions.
A novel family of experimental agents targeting the transport protein CRM1 may offer a new treatment for acute leukemia. The agents, called KPT-SINEs, have been shown to inhibit leukemia-cell proliferation, arrest cell division, and induce cell death and differentiation in animal models.
A University of Cincinnati study found strong correlations between Mycobacterium and visible mold, as well as between Stenotrophomonas and environmental relative moldiness index. These bacteria strains are linked to indoor bacterial contamination in water-damaged homes, posing health risks to occupants.
A study from Indiana University Kelley School of Business found that mutual fund managers over-weight companies from their home states by 12 percent, resulting in excessively risky portfolios. The practice is more pronounced among inexperienced managers and those with limited resources.
Experts in ecology and conservation science argue that Rio+20 talks should consider physical limits on resource use governed by ecological principles. Human ingenuity may be insufficient to overcome the constraints of the biosphere, but positive approaches can provide solutions for sustainable development.
A study published in PLoS Biology describes a way to break apart beneficial amyloid fibers that can play protective roles in the brain. Human cells have the necessary machinery to clear these fibers, which could lead to new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers have identified leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) as a potential target to block the growth of cancer stem cells in pancreatic tumors. Blocking LIF activity has been shown to reduce the tumor's ability to regenerate and metastasize.
Jan Vicente, a graduate student at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, has been awarded a NOAA Dr. Nancy Foster Scholarship to investigate how ocean acidification affects sponge skeletons. The research will focus on two common Florida Keys sponges and their bacterial communities.
Researchers at Sandia National Laboratories created a solar nanowire array that can absorb a wider range of the sun's wavelengths, leading to increased efficiency. The array, grown on a phalanx of nanowires, allows for higher indium percentages and lower absorption base energies.
Researchers have discovered a novel mechanism for generating cancer-driving genes, bypassing chromosomal translocation. The SLC45A3-ELK4 fusion RNA promotes prostate cancer cell growth and disease progression in human samples.
Researchers found that metformin effectively eliminates cancer stem cells in pancreatic cancer, leading to tumor regression and long-term survival. Combining metformin with standard chemotherapy further eradicated both cancer stem cells and differentiated cancer cells.
A recent study found that UK cities exhibit striking differences in cycling cultures, from traditional modes of transport to edgy subcultures. In contrast, cyclists in certain locations face barriers such as bike theft and worrying about what to wear on their bikes.
Experts say soda companies' corporate social responsibility campaigns distract from the health risks of sugary beverages and shift blame to consumers. The campaigns target young people and aim to increase sales, diverting attention from the industry's contribution to rising obesity rates.
A recent study found that almost 90% of older adults aged 65-96 were willing to undergo dementia screening, with refusal rates higher among those between 70-79 years old. The study's results suggest that age is the primary factor affecting willingness, with no significant impact from sex, race, or income level.
Researchers found affluent men more likely to accept nuclear waste storage sites than women or economically disadvantaged individuals. The team analyzed local opinions on a Finnish nuclear waste repository and identified a 'white male effect,' highlighting the need for a more holistic approach to community involvement.
Tropical Storm Guchol weakened as it approached Japan, passing over the mainland on June 19, 2012. Radar and infrared imagery captured by NASA's TRMM and Aqua satellites showed a weakening typhoon with maximum sustained winds near 55 knots.
A new study reveals that baby songbirds learn and repeat the clearest versions of songs they hear, influenced by noise from nature and humans. This cultural selection process can lead to lasting changes in a species' top tunes, highlighting the impact of anthropogenic factors on bird communication.
Research found that infants consistently choose larger sets over smaller ones when both are above four, but struggle with comparisons involving one large and one small item. The study's findings could lead to improvements in early education programs by understanding how infants develop number representation skills.
A nationwide study of newly admitted nursing home patients found that 21% sustain a fall during their stay. Facilities with higher CNA-to-patient staffing ratios were associated with lower fall rates due to CNAs providing hands-on care during high-risk activities.
A genome-wide association study published in PLoS Genetics found six new loci associated with early onset male pattern baldness, including unexpected links to Parkinson's disease. The study also identified a risk score predictive of hair loss based on genotypes at eight associated loci.
A new study in the Journal of Consumer Research reveals that consumers with little product knowledge prioritize easy-to-compare standard features. Companies should adapt their strategies to cater to both expert and novice consumers, focusing on unique attributes for experts and improving existing features for novices.