A computer-software program, LOGIC-Insulin, effectively controlled blood-sugar levels in critically ill patients compared to nurse-directed care. The study showed improved blood-glucose control and reduced risk of hypoglycemia in the LOGIC-Insulin group.
Researchers at the University of Michigan have made a surprising finding about WNT signaling and its role in fat cell growth. They discovered that Sfrp5, a molecule previously thought to have an opposing effect, actually stimulates fat cells to grow larger and burn fat slower.
Mineral evolution has led to at least 90 different mercury-containing minerals on Earth, mostly formed during three periods of supercontinent assembly. The creation of these minerals is linked to hydrothermal activity associated with continents colliding and forming mountain ranges.
A small study exposed young, healthy volunteers to ozone for two hours, showing vascular inflammation and changes in autonomic nervous system control. The findings suggest a plausible explanation for the link between acute ozone exposure and death.
A recent study found that the BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill exacerbated existing environmental problems in Louisiana's salt marshes, causing erosion and permanent habitat loss. However, the study also suggests that healthy marsh plants can quickly regrow and recolonize affected areas, potentially mitigating the damage.
Michael Maroun, a UC Riverside graduate student, is attending the 62nd Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting to interact with 25 Nobel laureates in physics. He hopes to make mathematical physics more popular and give it international attention.
Conservationists hope that Cambodia's vultures can come back from the brink as a study reveals critical steps towards saving these scavengers. The creation of new feeding stations and restoration of wildlife populations represent next important steps in vulture conservation.
A study by Indiana University School of Medicine found that nonwhite Medicare patients with heart failure are less likely to enroll in hospice, but more likely to experience hospitalizations and increased costs when they do. Racial disparities persisted over time, highlighting the need for improved end-of-life care options.
A new EEG test distinguishes between children with autism and neurotypical controls by analyzing brain connectivity. The test reveals reduced short-range connectivity in the left hemisphere, particularly in language regions, but increased long-distance connectivity as a compensatory mechanism.
Researchers discovered a key brain receptor that regulates gastric emptying and food intake. Mice lacking this receptor showed accelerated obesity and faster food consumption.
A UCLA research team created the world's most powerful nanoscale microwave oscillators, which could lead to cheaper and more energy-efficient mobile communication devices. The new oscillators use electron spin instead of charge, offering significant advantages over current silicon-based oscillators.
A new fossil discovery solves the mystery of flatfish evolution, revealing a 50-million-year-old fossil fish named Heteronectes that shows an intermediate stage between most fish and specialized flatfish. The study provides evidence for the gradual evolution of flatfish anatomy.
A study from Boston Children's Hospital found distinguishing EEG features in children with autism as early as age 2. Researchers used computer algorithms to analyze EEG data and identified 33 coherence factors that consistently distinguished children with autism from controls.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center found a synergy between sun exposure and cutaneous HPV infection in developing non-melanoma skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. People with low melanin production, such as those with light skin, are more susceptible to these risks.
A new gene expression test can accurately classify thyroid nodules as low-risk, allowing for the avoidance of unnecessary surgeries and lifelong hormone replacement treatment. The test demonstrated a 92% correct identification rate and 85-95% negative predictive value, ruling out malignancy.
Research in Spain finds low correlation between immigrant population and crime, with education and language playing key roles. Young men from immigrant populations are more likely to commit crimes.
A meta-analysis of 43,191 participants found statin therapy reduced recurrent cardiovascular events in both men and women. However, the benefits were not significant for women in terms of all-cause mortality or stroke risk. The study highlights the need for more female participants in cardiovascular prevention trials.
Researchers found that patients treated with hormonal therapy and rehabilitation outperformed those with rehab alone on functioning and reasoning tests. Relaxin has been shown to have a tremendous promise in treating and preventing heart and blood vessel diseases.
A recent study by the Consortium of Food Allergy Research (CoFAR) found that young children with milk and egg allergies experience severe reactions at a higher rate than previously believed. The study also revealed that some caregivers are hesitant to give epinephrine, a medication that reverses the symptoms of such reactions. Nearly 1...
A CU-UCSC study finds that California condors continue to suffer from lead exposure, with nearly half of the population showing signs of poisoning. The research highlights the need for sustained human intervention to stabilize and grow the species' population.
A recent study found that young children with food allergies experience almost one allergic reaction per year, despite parental instructions on food avoidance. The study highlights the importance of educating parents and caregivers about avoiding allergenic foods and using epinephrine to treat severe reactions.
Two new blood tests for vitamin D are prone to errors, leading to misdiagnoses and potential overtreatment. Inaccuracies were found in 40-48% of test results, with significant discrepancies between methods.
A new study has found that insulin degludec, a long-lasting insulin, reduces the risk of nighttime low blood sugar in elderly diabetic adults compared to insulin glargine. The meta-analysis of phase 3 clinical trials shows that insulin degludec lowers major side effects like hypoglycemia in these patients.
The symposium aims to examine how multidisciplinary research into epigenetics can help provide answers to societal concerns, including the impact of poverty and social deprivation on child development and health outcomes. Emerging research shows that environmental factors can influence gene expression, leading to lasting epigenetic marks.
Research shows that Norwegian mothers who received a childcare benefit to stay at home with small children often don't return to full-time work until their child is six. However, educated mothers can safeguard their careers by working part-time, maintaining job expertise and networks.
Scientists have identified genetic heart conditions as a possible cause of unexplained stillbirths, with up to 8% of cases attributed to cardiac channelopathies. The research, led by Ms Alice Ghidoni, used molecular screening to detect disease-causing variants in stillborn fetuses.
A multi-national team has developed a system to transmit data at dramatically increased speeds using twisted beams of light, with rates of up to 2.56 terabits per second. This technology could be used for high-speed satellite communication links and fiber optic cables.
A new analysis found that physical activity may reduce breast cancer risk by 30% in women, with moderate activity providing the greatest benefit. Exercise before or after menopause also shows promise in reducing breast cancer risk, particularly for hormone receptor-positive tumors.
A new study uses Lotka–Volterra equations to map street gangs' territories, finding that most crimes occur near the borders between rival gangs. The research provides insights into how law enforcement can allocate resources more effectively.
A new study found that treating vitamin D deficiency improved symptoms of depression in women, suggesting a potential link between the two conditions. The study involved three women who received oral vitamin D replacement therapy and showed significant improvement in their depression scores after treatment.
Red Whittaker, a pioneer in mobile autonomous robotics, has been awarded the 2012 IEEE Simon Ramo Medal. He has developed over 60 robots that can work in challenging environments, including contaminated nuclear plants, abandoned mines, and active volcanoes.
Researchers estimate that pandemic flu deaths were 15 times higher than reported, with 80% of cases occurring in people under 65 years old. The study suggests a significant human toll and highlights the need for improved influenza disease burden modelling globally.
Experts say lack of privacy, safety fears and ageism deny elderly care home residents the right to consensual sex. Formal policies are needed to address this, despite research showing residents want their sexual expression acknowledged.
Researchers at LA BioMed are conducting a study to evaluate the effectiveness of an immune-stimulating topical cream called Imiquimod in treating melanoma. The study aims to assess how Imiquimod combats melanoma tumors at the genetic level and may lead to personalized immune therapy.
Researchers develop algorithm to track pollutants in water and atmosphere, identifying exact location of leaks as soon as possible. The model takes into account diffusion, convection, and reaction, providing unique solution given observable data.
A recent study by Greg Kaplan found that young adults who move back home with their parents after a job loss can benefit from it. Living at home allows individuals to be choosier when looking for a new job, enabling them to wait for higher-paying opportunities and avoiding lower-earning jobs. This can result in lower long-term earnings...
A new study using Cassini images shows that turbulent jet streams on Saturn are powered by internal heat from the planet. The condensation of water vapor in mid-latitudes creates temperature differences, leading to eddies that accelerate the jets like rotating gears.
The Feinstein Institute has received a $9.3 million federal grant to train clinicians on better care for patients with schizophrenia. The three-year grant will educate providers on new mental health protocols and technology resources to deliver more-effective treatments.
A new study found a significant increase in acute kidney injury requiring dialysis after major elective surgery, with the number of patients tripling since 1995. The study suggests that developing interventions to prevent severe AKI could lead to improved outcomes for patients.
A national survey found that US military veterans with protective factors such as employment, social support, and spiritual faith were 92% less likely to report severe violence. The study suggests that addressing these factors can help reduce the likelihood of violence in returning veterans.
A European study emphasizes the importance of participatory citizenship and citizen engagement in addressing economic challenges. The research identifies barriers to these processes, including a lack of trust in politicians and the challenge of creating dialogue between citizens and policymakers.
A new study found that weight loss reduced the prevalence of low testosterone levels in overweight, middle-aged men with prediabetes by almost 50 percent. The study involved nearly 900 men and showed that lifestyle modification, rather than medication, can increase testosterone production.
Bacteria found in a Colombian garbage dump have been shown to neutralize contaminants, making them suitable for bioremediation. The indigenous bacterial community was able to break down hydrocarbon compounds and other pollutants, providing a potential solution to clean the site.
Scientists identify WNT signaling pathway as potential therapeutic target for obesity. Antibiotic treatment after Lyme disease shows fluorescent bacterial debris remains without causing infection. Oxidative stress contributes to parasite persistence in host tissues, opening new avenue for anti-Trypanosoma cruzi drugs.
Researchers at Tufts University have developed two surveys, FETCH and CATCH, to evaluate the quality of life for dogs and cats with heart disease. The tools ask owners to rank aspects of their pet's health on a scale of 0-5, allowing veterinarians to assess the animal's perceived quality of life.
Research found that SFRP5-deficient mice showed increased metabolic activity and were resistant to diet-induced obesity, revealing the mechanism of SFRP5-mediated fat cell generation. The study suggests targeting the WNT signaling pathway could be a therapeutic approach to treat obesity.
A new study finds that an experimental weight-loss drug, phentermine/topiramate, significantly aids overweight patients with type 2 diabetes in shedding pounds. Patients who took the medication combined with diet and exercise modifications were more likely to lose moderate amounts of weight than those on a placebo.
A binational team of researchers from the University of Arizona monitored conditions in Ciénega de Santa Clara before, during and after the plant's pilot run, finding no significant changes to hydrology, water quality, vegetation, or marsh birds. The wetland appears resilient in the face of short-term disturbances.
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London have identified a biological mechanism controlling electron transport in cyanobacteria, which could lead to more efficient solar-powered biofuel production. The discovery was made by exposing cells to different light conditions and observing the changes in electron transport pathways.
A new study reveals dramatic differences in lung cancer death rates among women born between 1930s and 1970s in various US states. California shows a decline in lung cancer death rates, while many southern states experience an increase, highlighting the need for stronger tobacco control policies.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that older women with low Vitamin D levels gained an average of 2 pounds more than those with sufficient levels over nearly five years. The study, which involved over 4,600 women ages 65 and older, also found no association between Vitamin D insufficiency and weight changes in the entire group.
Researchers at Ames Laboratory found that magnetism helps or is responsible for superconductivity in iron-based superconductors. By measuring the London penetration depth, they revealed basic information about the material's behavior in the superconducting state.
A new Quebec report suggests medically assisted death should be considered an end-of-life care option for patients, rather than a criminal act. The proposal aims to protect healthcare workers and patients from potential abuses if adopted.
A classic study on male and female promiscuity has been called into question after UCLA biologists repeated the experiment using the same methods as the original. The team found that Bateman's conclusions about the relationship between mate number and offspring fitness were likely flawed due to a bias in his methodology.
A survey of 3,800 home healthcare providers found that many agencies lack written policies on handling infection control for antibiotic-resistant infections. The study highlights the need for simple and quick actions like hand washing, vaccinations, and patient isolation to decrease infections in home care settings.
Researchers identified a brain pathway imbalance linked to addictive behavior, which may also underlie less severe compulsive behaviors. The study's findings could lead to better understanding and monitoring of various compulsive behaviors.
A new study finds that testosterone-replacement therapy significantly improved symptoms of metabolic syndrome associated with testosterone deficiency in men. Symptoms improved across all three components of obesity, including waist circumference, weight, and body-mass index.
A new animal study finds that oxytocin helps regulate food intake and energy metabolism without causing adverse effects. Oxytocin administered through daily injections or implanted mini pumps reduced food consumption, body weight, and liver fat, improving glucose tolerance and reducing abdominal fat.
Researchers found that antibiotic treatment reduced the number of live spirochetes in infected mice but left behind fluorescent bacterial debris. This debris triggered an inflammatory immune response and may contribute to arthritis-like symptoms in some patients.
Researchers studied 552,672 patients and found a three-fold increase in acute dialysis after cardiac and vascular surgeries. The incidence of acute dialysis increased from 0.2% to 0.6% over the 15-year study period.
Researchers investigated how bacteria like <i> Bacillus subtilis </i> respond to oxygen changes by studying protein HemAT. The study reveals a signal transduction chain that connects the sensor domain to the signalling domain, allowing the protein to transmit information about rising oxygen levels.
Researchers question Greenland ice core data on Northern Hemisphere temperatures during the Younger Dryas, a period of rapid cooling and warming. The study suggests that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels may have played a role in modulating temperature changes.
A new study found an inverse relationship between vitamin D levels and the presence of metabolic syndrome, a group of risk factors that increases the risk of heart disease and Type 2 diabetes. People with high vitamin D levels had a 48% lower risk of having the metabolic syndrome.
A study by Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine found that two new vitamin D test kits had poor performance, with results deviating from the gold standard method by up to 25%. This inaccuracy could lead to misdiagnoses and overtreatment of vitamin D deficiency.
Dr. Elizabeth McGlynn, a renowned expert in health services research and quality evaluation, has been recognized with the 2012 AcademyHealth Distinguished Investigator Award. Her landmark studies have significantly improved our understanding of US healthcare quality.
Research published in BMJ Open finds that stillbirth rates are twice as high among the least well-off in England, with the gap remaining constant over eight years. Socio-economic inequalities in stillbirths by cause have been evident across all causes, including bleeding before birth and congenital abnormalities.
A recent study published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry reveals that mutant p53 protein aggregates may lead to prion-like behavior, impairing its ability to suppress tumor growth. The findings suggest that this misfolding mechanism could serve as a potential target for cancer therapy.
A study by Dr Tim Fawcett and Dr Andrew Higginson found that articles with many equations are seldom referenced, highlighting the importance of clear communication between theory and experiments. The authors recommend improved mathematical training for science graduates to overcome this barrier.
A systematic review of seven studies involving over 32,400 patients found that metformin reduced the risk of any type of cancer by 38% compared to those not taking the medication. The benefits were seen in colon and breast cancer, but not pancreatic cancer.
Fetuses under the 10th percentile of weight account for 19% of stillbirths, with those below the 1st percentile facing a 9.5 times higher risk. Severe underweight and overweight states confer the highest risk of stillbirth.
Seven pharmaceutical companies, including Abbott, AstraZeneca, and Sanofi, have joined forces with four research institutions to accelerate the development of new tuberculosis (TB) drugs. The TB Drug Accelerator aims to shorten treatment regimens from six months to one month, reducing mortality rates and combating drug resistance.
USC researchers found that viewing pictures of high-fat foods stimulates appetite and reward centers in the brain, increasing hunger and desire for certain foods. Consuming sugary drinks also increases desire for savory foods, particularly fructose.
A new study found that modified bariatric surgery can resolve or improve Type 2 diabetes in obese and diabetic patients, regardless of body mass index (BMI). The procedure showed high success rates in reducing blood sugar levels and eliminating insulin needs.
Research finds that physical activity, regardless of intensity, may reduce breast cancer risk in women. Exercise before or after menopause can lower the risk, especially for hormone receptor-positive tumors.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have developed a nano-sandwich technique to create thinner solar cells while maintaining their ability to absorb solar energy. The new design, which uses a thin active layer surrounded by dielectric materials, significantly improves efficiency and decreases manufacturing costs.
A study by Mount Sinai researchers found that the timing of ADHD medication impact on children's performance on standardized tests. The findings showed that starting medication within 12 months after fourth-grade test led to a decline of 0.3 percent in math compared to 9.4 percent for those who started treatment later.
A successful swine flu vaccination program in Scotland showed 77% protection against the H1N1 virus, while also reducing hospital admissions by 20% due to related disorders. The program's effectiveness was demonstrated through detailed data analysis, which took into account multiple conditions such as pneumonia and COPD.
A study by Universidad Carlos III de Madrid found no causal link between immigration and crime rates in Spain. The researchers analyzed data on crimes committed per inhabitant and immigrant population characteristics to conclude that language and education are key factors influencing crime.
A new study presents a promising reversible male contraceptive method using a combination of testosterone and Nestorone gels. The study found that 88-89% of men using the gel experienced very low sperm counts, and complete absence of sperm occurred in significantly more men compared to those using testosterone alone.
A recent study published in Psychological Science suggests that when Americans think about choice, they become less concerned with reducing wealth inequalities. The researchers found that a choice-oriented mindset leads people to focus on individual agency and underestimate the role of societal structures in creating wealth disparities.
A new study found that eating a carbohydrate-rich, protein-packed breakfast that includes dessert can help dieters keep off lost weight. The 'dessert with breakfast diet' was shown to reduce hunger and cravings compared to a low-carbohydrate diet, resulting in greater weight loss.
The US Preventive Services Task Force recommends that clinicians screen all adult patients for obesity and offer intensive behavioral interventions. While medium- to high-intensity counseling produced small short-term improvements in cardiovascular health, the task force concludes that these interventions are more effective when delive...
NASA captures satellite images of Tropical Storm Debby covering the entire state of Florida with a large white blanket of clouds. The storm is expected to continue crawling to the northeast, bringing heavy rainfall and tropical-storm-force winds to the region.
Scientists have developed a novel gene transfer technique that selectively eliminates a specific neural circuit in non-human primates. The 'elimination' of the basal ganglia's hyperdirect pathway reveals its crucial role in motor function and provides insights into Parkinson's disease mechanisms.
A comprehensive study confirms lead-based ammunition as the primary source of lead in California condors, preventing their recovery. The condor population can only be sustained through intensive and costly management efforts without a solution to the problem of lead poisoning.
A study published in the National Lipid Association Annual Scientific Sessions has shown that intensive cholesterol therapy involving a combination of drugs can be more effective over the long run than taking a single statin medication. After 20 years, patients on combination therapy had lower LDL and triglyceride levels, higher HDL, a...
Gene therapy successfully replaces protein missing in Pompe disease when targeting liver cells, reducing immune system reaction. Combining liver-expressing vector with ubiquitously expressing vector boosts overall effectiveness of the treatment.
A recent study by Marisa Censani found that over half of adolescents undergoing evaluation for weight-loss surgery were vitamin D deficient, with severe deficiencies present in 8% of patients. African Americans were most likely to have a deficiency, while Caucasians had the lowest rate.
A study found that over 70% of preschool children with food allergies experienced significant reactions, while caregivers administered epinephrine only 30% of the time. The researchers highlight the need for increased vigilance and education on treating food allergies.
The Electronic Data Methods (EDM) Forum aims to develop innovative strategies for addressing challenges in traditional research studies and data sources. Researchers share lessons learned from eleven projects funded by the U.S. Agency for Health Research and Quality, focusing on using electronic clinical data to improve patient outcomes.
A new research project investigates the link between chronic stress and Alzheimer's disease development. The study aims to understand how stress may become a risk factor for developing dementia, with the goal of finding ways to intervene with psychological or drug-based treatments.
Yan Wang's new flow battery design has a 10-fold increase in energy density and 2.5 times the power density of conventional batteries, making it safer and more cost-effective. The technology will help address renewable energy's Achilles heel by storing and retrieving energy.
Researchers at Tufts University found that female fireflies prefer males with larger nuptial gifts after mating, leading to higher reproductive success. This discovery challenges the conventional view that flash duration is the primary cue for female choice in firefly courtship.