Dr. David Feola, a University of Kentucky College of Pharmacy faculty member, has received a five-year, $1.8 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to investigate immune responses in the lungs that may lead to medical treatments for cystic fibrosis and other chronic pulmonary inflammatory conditions.
A team of researchers at Baylor College of Medicine has identified a distal axonal cytoskeleton as the boundary that ensures AnkyrinG clusters properly. The findings suggest that AnkyrinG cannot move beyond this boundary, resulting in proper formation of the axon initial segment and subsequent neural function.
A Scripps-led study reveals that the nuisance seaweed Leptolyngbya crossbyana produces honaucins with potent anti-inflammation and bacteria-controlling properties. These compounds could one day treat chronic inflammatory conditions, bacterial infections, acne, and other skin conditions.
A new project aims to increase hearing aid use by providing easy-to-use video tutorials that address common barriers to adoption. The tutorials offer practical tips, animations, and real-life experiences from users to support patients in making the most of their devices.
The University of Louisville has received a $6.3 million grant to develop technology to help paralyzed people regain movement in their limbs, with the goal of improving quality of life. Researchers aim to advance research and treatment options for individuals with spinal cord injuries.
Researchers identified PERK as a crucial protein for maintaining behavioral flexibility, allowing us to adjust behaviors in response to changing circumstances. The study's findings have implications for addressing neurological disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.
A Category Tree system would categorize products based on tested human studies and health benefits, forcing companies to conduct research or change product labels. This system aims to improve transparency and facilitate further research in North America and Europe.
A study by University of Notre Dame biologist Beth Archie and colleagues found that high-ranking male baboons recover more quickly from injuries and are less likely to become ill than other males. Social status is a better predictor of wound-healing than age, highlighting the complex interplay between social context, physiology, and im...
Scientists have directly measured the Yarkovsky effect on asteroid 1999 RQ36, a subtle force causing it to drift from its gravity-ruled orbit. The measurements show the asteroid has deviated by roughly 100 miles over 12 years, revealing its low density and making it an ideal target for the OSIRIS-REx mission.
Researchers found that the human olfactory bulb, a brain structure processing sensory input from the nose, lacks new neuron generation like other mammals. This discovery may explain why humans have a poorer sense of smell compared to other animals.
Researchers emphasize the need for standard bone age measurement to interpret growth status and improve treatment outcomes for children with Crohn's disease. Up to 80% of patients exhibit compromised growth, and bone age is crucial for predicting remaining growth potential and guiding therapeutic decisions.
Researchers identified a single gene AUF1 controlling inflammation, aging and cancer. The study found that deleting the gene led to accelerated aging.
Obese patients have an increased risk of developing kidney damage, or acute kidney injury, after heart surgery. Oxidative stress associated with obesity plays a role in this increased risk. Acute kidney injury affects 5% to 30% of heart surgery patients.
A new study by the Max Planck Florida Institute found that changes in sensory experience can cause massive rewiring of the brain's connections, even in older adults. This rewiring involves fibers supplying the primary input to the cerebral cortex, a key area for sensory perception and cognition.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation reports a significant increase in osteoporosis-related fractures and diagnoses in Latin America, driven by the region's aging population. The projected rise in fragility fractures poses a substantial socio-economic burden on healthcare systems.
Researchers at the University of Bristol used forensic-style chemical analysis to directly link seismic observations to crystal growth in a magma chamber. The study found correlations between peak crystal growth and increased seismicity prior to the 1980 Mount St. Helens eruption.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab observed nanoparticles forming winding polycrystalline chains that align and attach end-to-end to form nanorods with controlled length-to-thickness ratios. This process suggests a new understanding of how nano-sized particles assemble into hierarchical structures.
A study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that childhood cancer survivors experience increased anxiety, depression, and depressive symptoms due to persistent hair loss and disfigurement. The study's findings highlight the long-term impact of childhood cancer treatment on quality of life.
A study found that marine reserves on Australia's Great Barrier Reef produce approximately half of all juvenile recruitment to both reserve and fished reefs. The reserves, which account for just 28% of the local reef area, help sustain valuable fisheries.
Scientists at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center are developing an infinitely smaller segmented mirror, called the Multiple Mirror Array (MMA), that will revolutionize space-based telescopes. The MMA promises to detect, image, and characterize planets beyond our solar system from a high-altitude balloon.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab directly observed the critical step of oriented attachment in nanocrystal growth, enabling a better understanding of forces driving this phenomenon. This breakthrough has potential applications in synthesizing new biomimetic materials and improving environmental restoration efforts.
A recent study has identified more than 40 genetic regions influencing fertility in Hutterite men, which may shed light on unexplained cases of male infertility. The research also found nine genetic regions impacting sperm quality in non-Hutterites.
A recent clinical trial found that gene therapy can insert the correct ADA gene into patient bone marrow cells, leading to a good response. Defects in B cell tolerance are also corrected after gene therapy, supporting its use as an effective treatment option for ADA-deficient severe combined immunodeficiency patients.
Researchers identified glycerophosphate oxidase as a critical protein for bacterial progression to the brain. A vaccine against this protein protected mice from invasive pneumococcal disease, offering a new approach to immunizing against S. pneumoniae.
Scientists have identified the Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier (MPC), a universal carrier that transports pyruvate into mitochondria. This discovery could lead to a better understanding of how cancer cells produce energy and potentially develop new treatments.
A new study from Michigan State University reveals that exercising with a moderately capable virtual partner can significantly boost motivation, with women cycling twice as long when working with a partner. The results suggest the gains observed over six hour-long sessions could be sustained on a longer-term program of exercise.
Research identifies pivotal role of proteins in cellular and disease processes, shedding light on neuromuscular disorder and cancer connections. The study found that impaired Mpc1 and Mpc2 lead to deadly health problems, including the neuromuscular disorder.
A study published in EPJ Data Science found that words with positive emotional content are more frequently used in online communication, enhancing social relations and facilitating interaction. This positive bias is linked to the use of less informative words for emotional expression.
A new study found that warmer summers have allowed the Brown Argus butterfly to shift its diet to wild Geranium plants, enabling it to expand its range in Britain at a rapid rate. Over 20 years, the butterfly has spread northwards by 79km, becoming common in southern England.
Scientists with the OSIRIS-REx mission have measured the orbit of asteroid 1999 RQ36 with great accuracy, directly determining the drift resulting from the Yarkovsky effect. The asteroid has deviated from its gravity-ruled orbit by roughly 100 miles in the last 12 years due to this subtle force.
A study by Concordia University found that business students who evaluate their peers regularly improve in evaluating others. This leads to more effective management skills. The research developed a standardized online peer evaluation system, which can be incorporated into university-wide programs.
Microglia, the brain's emergency workers, use a long-lasting glutamate-driven calcium wave to detect injuries, allowing them to trace the signal backwards until they reach the site of damage. This discovery could lead to new treatments for conditions such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have identified a microRNA called miR-181b that can reduce the inflammatory response responsible for diseases like sepsis. The findings suggest that higher levels of miR-181b may be protective against sepsis and other inflammatory diseases.
Scientists at Georgia Institute of Technology used acoustic fields to enhance heat transfer, removing vapor bubbles and suppressing insulating film formation. This led to improved boiling efficiency.
A new study by Carnegie's Andrew Steele provides strong evidence that Martian organic carbon originates from the planet itself, not Earth or other meteorites. The findings reveal insights into Mars' volcanic history and suggest the presence of organic chemistry throughout its history.
Researchers discovered an anti-psychotic drug, thioridazine, that selectively targets and exhausts cancer stem cells, leading to improved survival rates in leukemia patients. The compound works by encouraging cancer stem cells to differentiate into less threatening cell types.
A recent study suggests that peritonitis, a common infection in dialysis patients on peritoneal dialysis, may be linked to premature death. Researchers found that patients were more likely to develop peritonitis during the final month before their death, and even six times more so during the 30 days prior to their death.
The UK's world-leading researchers in synthetic biology will establish platform technology with a new grant of almost £5 million. The platform technology will be based on an information system – SynBIS – which uses a web-based environment, hosting BioCAD and modelling tools for the field.
A study by UC San Diego biologists found that a small dose of imidacloprid, a commonly used crop pesticide, makes honey bees more selective and less willing to feed on low-sugar nectar. This can lead to reduced food stores and communication among the colony.
Researchers at Aalto University found that strong emotions sync brain activity in frontal and midline regions for unpleasant feelings and vision, attention, and sense of touch networks for highly arousing events. This synchronization facilitates understanding others' intentions and actions.
New research published in Hepatology found that moderate exercise does not improve lipoprotein concentrations in obese patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. While exercise reduced intrahepatic triglyceride content, it did not change liver lipoprotein levels or body weight.
Researchers at McMaster University have discovered a drug, thioridazine, that kills cancer stem cells in humans while avoiding toxic side effects of conventional treatments. The study holds promise for new strategies and discovery pipelines for developing anticancer drugs.
A team of American researchers has created an array of 25,000 individual invisibility cloaks that can slow down or stop light, creating a trapped rainbow. This technology enables 'spectroscopy on-a-chip' for detailed analysis of biological materials.
Scientists have developed a method to analyze noisy X-ray data, revealing details of molecular structure previously discarded due to low signal quality. This breakthrough could lead to more accurate models and improved understanding in biology, medical diagnostics, nanotechnology and other fields.
Researchers at Georgia State University's College of Education have been awarded a $10 million grant to create the first national research center focused on improving reading for children who are deaf or hard of hearing. The goal is to identify child and instructional factors that affect reading growth and develop individualized interv...
Researchers at MIT have developed a device that delivers a variety of drugs through the skin without using needles, potentially improving patient compliance and reducing accidental needle-stick injuries. The device can be programmed to deliver different doses to varying depths, addressing limitations of existing jet-injection systems.
A new study reveals that kinship categories across languages reflect general principles of communication, including a trade-off between simplicity and informativeness. The study found that languages use only a handful of the vast number of logically possible kinship categories, with English and Mandarin Chinese using two and four terms...
Researchers developed a stapled BIM BH3 peptide that competitively binds to anti-apoptotic proteins, leading to enhanced apoptosis in cancer cells. The compound suppresses tumor growth in mice and works synergistically with other pharmaceutical agents.
The San Francisco State University Department of Biology has received a $1.5 million grant to support faculty-led improvements in undergraduate science education. The Biology Faculty Explorations in Scientific Teaching (FEST) program aims to refine teaching skills and assess student learning through evidence-based methods.
A UC Irvine immunologist has received a $4.8 million grant to create new neural stem cells for treating multiple sclerosis. The cells aim to halt ongoing myelin loss and encourage the growth of new myelin to mend damaged nerves.
The Iowa State team has successfully delivered functional protein and DNA into plant cells using custom-built nanoparticles, opening up opportunities for targeted genome editing in crop plants. This achievement marks a significant advancement toward delivering proteins and enzymes to both animal and plant cells.
Scientists have developed a new type of nanostructured metamaterial that can dramatically change the properties of light, leading to potential breakthroughs in advanced solar cells and quantum computing. The metamaterial combines layers of silver and titanium oxide with tiny quantum dots, resulting in hyperbolic light behavior.
Researchers studied adhesion of E. coli to silver- and copper-coated porous clay ceramic surfaces, with silver nanoparticles showing highest affinity for bacteria. Copper may be a less expensive alternative to colloidal silver as a disinfectant coating.
A new type of male contraceptive may be developed thanks to a key gene essential for sperm development, Katnal1. The gene regulates microtubules that support and provide nutrients to developing sperm cells.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory warn that current sensor technologies are not optimized for real-world conditions, posing risks to the nation's food and water supplies. Developing more effective sensors is crucial to address safety concerns, particularly in complex environments.
Bud has become the first hurricane of the eastern Pacific Hurricane Season, with NASA satellites providing key imagery and data. The storm is expected to bring heavy rain, strong winds, and life-threatening surf conditions to southwestern Mexico.
A Kaiser Permanente study found a strong association between childhood obesity and the development of idiopathic intracranial hypertension, particularly in non-Hispanic white teenage girls. The condition can result in blindness if left untreated, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.
A new technology harnesses power from a single droplet sliding along an electret film, producing electricity when it reaches maximum velocity. The device has potential for low-power portable devices and human body motion harvesting, with a prototype demonstrating peak output power of 0.18 microwatts.
A new study definitively links Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) to bacterial overgrowth in the gut, finding that over 30% of patients with IBS also have small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Antibiotics are an effective treatment for IBS, according to previous clinical trials and this study
A team of researchers has identified 24 compounds as responsible for the distinct flavors and aromas of heirloom tomatoes. These findings hold promise for improving the flavor of commercially grown tomatoes.
Researchers have developed a technique to measure the flux of metabolites in cancer cells, revealing a link between glycine consumption and fast cell division. The study's findings suggest that glycine metabolism plays a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation, with implications for understanding cancer biology.
UCSB alumnus Michael Douglas establishes a $1 million endowed chair for the Dean of Humanities and Fine Arts, supporting teaching, research, and programs in the humanities and fine arts.
A new USGS study using LiDAR technology confirms the existence of previously suspected faults west of Lake Tahoe, increasing seismic hazard assessment for the region. The study also identifies an earthquake-induced landslide hazard along the fault-formed range front.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University successfully tested a solar-powered desalination system that provides high-quality irrigation water for crops in arid regions. The system uses nanofiltration membranes to treat brackish water, resulting in 25% less irrigation and fertilizer needed compared to traditional practices.
Researchers at UCSF have successfully treated chronic neuropathic pain in mice by transplanting immature embryonic nerve cells into the spinal cord. The transplanted cells integrated into the nerve circuitry, forming synapses and signaling pathways with neighboring neurons, leading to a significant reduction in pain hypersensitivity.
University of Florida physicists achieved a groundbreaking 8.6% power conversion efficiency from a graphene solar cell created in their lab by chemically treating the graphene with trifluoromethanesulfonyl-amide. This breakthrough could make graphene solar cells a contender in the market if production costs are kept low.
A new study finds that bark beetles infesting pine trees can release up to 20 times more VOCs, contributing to haze and air pollution in forested areas. This could harm human health, reduce visibility, and affect climate.
The UK has allocated £250M for five-year strategic investment programmes in bioscience research, including 26 strategic science programmes and 14 key national research capabilities. This funding will focus on addressing global challenges such as sustainable food production, energy security, and healthcare.
A new study by Stanford psychologists reveals that race affects juvenile sentencing, with participants who imagined a black offender more likely to support life sentences without parole. The study's findings highlight the fragility of protections for juveniles when race is in play.
Researchers found that a multidisciplinary approach combining cognitive behaviour therapy with sound-based tinnitus retraining therapy significantly improves quality of life and reduces symptoms in adults with tinnitus. The study recruited 492 adults and showed that the new treatment programme is beneficial for both mild and severe cases.
Researchers developed a new method to identify vaccine targets for Streptococcus pneumoniae, the most common cause of bacterial meningitis. Gene therapy has shown promise in treating adenosine deaminase deficiency by correcting B cell tolerance problems and supporting treatment options for patients with severe combined immunodeficiency.
A research team at the University of Melbourne has discovered the biological mechanisms behind drug hypersensitivities, revealing how the immune system perceives the body's own tissues as foreign. The finding could lead to the development of a diagnostic test to determine drug hypersensitivity.
Researchers found that including genetic variants and environmental factors in disease models only increases risk prediction sensitivity by 1-3% for three common diseases. The study suggests that understanding the complexity of genetic and environmental factors will be crucial to improve risk prediction.
A new type of male contraceptive could be created by regulating the Katnal1 gene, which controls sperm maturation and development. This finding offers an alternative to hormone-disrupting treatments that can cause side effects.
Physicists have successfully trapped and cooled exotic particles called excitons, condensing them into a giant matter wave that coheres at extremely low temperatures. This breakthrough allows scientists to better study the physical properties of excitons, promising applications in efficient solar energy harvesting and ultrafast computing.
A study by Queen's University researcher Troy Murphy found female birds with more colourful bills have higher antibody levels, indicating greater strength and ability to fight off invaders. The colour of a female bird's bill is strongly correlated with immunoglobulin antibodies, a component of the immune system in birds.
The EPSRC has awarded five-year fellowships worth £1 million each to Drs Geoffrey Nash, Harish Bhaskaran, Ajoy Velayudhan, and Peter Foote to address the gap in UK manufacturing research. The fellowships aim to strengthen links between industry and academia, driving growth and innovation.
A 'nanoclutch' has been designed to regulate the speed of nanomotors, allowing for stepless control. The device uses electrowetting forces and charged carbon nanotubes to transmit torque between tubes.
A Case Western Reserve University class has been awarded a Science magazine prize for its innovative approach to teaching biology and computer science. The 'Dynamics of Biological Systems' class uses an inquiry-based learning model, where students work on real-world problems using online interactive tools and mathematical models.
Marine scientists discovered that deep-sea limpets can survive extreme pressure changes when transported by submersibles. This finding highlights the potential risk of human-driven change to hydrothermal vent ecosystems.
A 34-year study found that Japanese-American men who did not eat foods rich in vitamin D had a higher risk of stroke later in life. Men with the lowest dietary vitamin D intake had a 22% increased risk of stroke, while those with the highest intake had a 27% lower risk.
Researchers at Lund University developed a new technique that converts stem cells into brain cells with improved safety and efficiency. The method mimics the brain's natural development process, reducing the risk of tumour formation and improving cell integration.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation predicts a significant rise in hip fractures in Brazil, projected to increase by 32% by 2050. This is largely attributed to the aging of the Brazilian population, with over 37% expected to be over 50 years old and 14% over 70 years old by then.
The TRMM satellite observed the eastern half of Typhoon Sanvu experiencing most of the rainfall, with intense storms dropping rain at over 2 inches/hr. The storm's track is predicted to bring it close to Japan's Iwo To island on May 26.