Scientists at UC Riverside and Stanford University identified a molecular mechanism that blocks the expression of most olfactory receptor genes in flies, but allows for specific receptors to be expressed in response to carbon dioxide. This complex acts as a brake, releasing only when necessary to generate diverse sensors in the nose.
A recent study published in Cell Host & Microbe reveals that expression of H Ferritin gene reduces oxidative stress and prevents tissue damage by controlling iron accumulation. This protective mechanism provides a new approach to treating malaria by inducing tolerance to the disease, without targeting the parasite.
Two fossils discovered in southwest Europe represent a new genus likely to be the oldest known members of the giant panda family. The fossils, dated to 11.6 million years ago, share characteristics with bears adapted to eating tough plant material like bamboo.
Research from the University of Warwick suggests that stressed mothers during pregnancy can affect their baby's developing brain, making them more susceptible to bullying. The study of over 8,000 children found a link between prenatal stress and increased risk of childhood bullying.
A study by Yale University researchers found that older women with breast cancer treated with adjuvant trastuzumab are at a higher risk of heart failure or cardiomyopathy. The use of trastuzumab was associated with a 14% increased incidence rate of heart failure over three years.
Researchers have created a new type of nanometer-scale diamond tip for thermal processing, which exhibits exceptional wear resistance and durability. The tip can scan surfaces for distances exceeding 1.2 meters without measurable wear, opening up new possibilities for AFM applications.
Researchers found that outside observers, including personal acquaintances and co-workers, can provide equally fair evaluations of employees' personalities as those who know them in a work context. This challenge traditional practices of using self-rated personality tests, which may lead to biased perceptions.
A team of researchers from Nottingham University has discovered a rare genetic variant associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. The study, which used data from over 25,000 people, found that a specific mutation in the TREM2 gene may play a key role in the development of the disease.
Tropical Depression 25W formed over the western North Pacific Ocean and is affecting southern Vietnam. The depression has maximum sustained winds of 28.7 mph near its center, with moderate wind shear hindering its organization.
A new gene called miR-941 has been found to play a crucial role in human brain development and may have contributed to the evolution of language and tool use. This unique gene emerged between six and one million years ago, making it a significant discovery in understanding what makes humans different from apes.
A study by University of Cincinnati researchers found that anxiety sensitivity significantly impeded the quitting efforts of smokers with asthma. Participants with higher anxiety sensitivity reported increased self-control as a motivation to quit, but also experienced temporary increases in anxiety symptoms, making it harder for them t...
The MenAfriVac meningitis A vaccine has been approved for use outside the cold chain for up to four days, enabling expanded access to vaccination programs. The vaccine's heat stability has been validated through a rigorous review and pilot use in Benin, with promising results showing reduced disease burden and herd immunity.
A Northwestern University team has developed a technique for creating nanofluidic devices using paper and scissors, generating numerous ion channels when layered. The method uses inexpensive materials and allows for easy shaping and scaling of the device.
A narrow corridor in the southern hemisphere experienced a total solar eclipse on Nov. 13, 2012, with observers in northern Australia witnessing dim structures around the sun's edge. The corona, made of electrified gas and plasma, was observed to be constantly moving in response to magnetic fields.
Scientists at the University of Nottingham have discovered that cordycepin, a compound found in rare parasitic fungi, has potential as an anti-inflammatory drug. The study shows that cordycepin reduces inflammatory gene products in airway smooth muscle cells, making it a potential treatment for asthma and other inflammatory conditions.
A Norwegian study found that triclosan exposure in children is associated with elevated IgE levels and rhinitis. Triclosan has been linked to an increased risk of developing allergies due to its ability to change bacterial flora on the skin, in the mouth, and in the intestines.
Researchers have discovered a unique defence mechanism of the tuberculosis pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which protects sulphur-containing proteins from oxidation. The protein mycoredoxin-1 plays a crucial role in this repair mechanism, and disabling it may offer new ways to combat the disease.
A new study finds that the tropical Indo-Pacific climate has shifted to a more El Niño-like state, leading to a slowdown of the Walker circulation. This change is driven by a gradual warming pattern in the region, which can impact global climate patterns and lead to extreme weather events.
Researchers found that subjects in a sadness condition exhibited impatience and myopia, leading to financial decisions that prioritized immediate gratification over future rewards. This study has implications for public policy, particularly in estate planning and credit card regulations.
The University of Connecticut has received a Grand Challenges Explorations Grant to explore the potential of using natural protozoa in the rhizosphere to distribute beneficial bacteria among crops. This could lead to improved crop productivity for farmers in developing countries.
A questionnaire called the Relaxation Sensitivity Index (RSI) has been developed to examine why certain individuals fear relaxation. The RSI found that high levels of anxiety sensitivity are often linked to relaxation-induced anxiety, suggesting that deviations from normal functioning can be stressful for some people.
An expert panel confirms that calcium supplements are a valuable tool for maintaining bone health, with no increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The panel reviewed the scientific literature and concluded that adequate calcium intake is crucial for strong bones across all age groups.
The University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine has received a $1.5 million grant from the Health Resources and Services Administration to provide four-year financial aid for at least 26 new and current students. The grant aims to increase access for underrepresented minorities, supporting diversity in dental education.
A new study has revealed a rapid response between global temperature and ice volume/sea-level, which could lead to significant sea-level rise. The researchers were able to accurately date continuous sea-level records, allowing for detailed comparisons with independently dated ice-core records from Antarctica and Greenland.
Researchers have found a way to enhance the detection of explosives on surfaces, allowing for more accurate and effective airport security screenings. By adding functional groups to swab materials, they can collect smaller amounts of explosive residue, making it easier to detect even tiny traces.
A recent study has shown that bisphenol A (BPA) can disrupt thyroid function in pregnant animals and their offspring. The study used sheep as a relevant model for human pregnancy and analyzed the internal exposures of the fetuses and their mothers to BPA.
Researchers developed a new method to track TB outbreaks by analyzing the genetic information of infected individuals, enabling faster response times and more targeted efforts. The approach has the potential to identify
A study of 1,638 women found that early menarche is associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, as well as overall obesity in adulthood. The researchers suggest that targeting lifestyle interventions for high-risk women may help prevent metabolic consequences of obesity and cardiovascular disease.
Researchers funded by NSF found that changing climatic conditions, rather than tourism, are driving the decline in chinstrap-penguin populations. The study analyzed data from 1994-2011 and found a significant decline of 50% in breeding pairs at Baily Head since 1986-87.
Scientists have created a slow-release fertilizer using attapulgite, guar gum, and humic acid, reducing waste and promoting sustainable agriculture. The new fertilizer has been shown to improve soil moisture content, regulate soil acidity and alkalinity, and minimize nutrient loss via runoff and leaching.
Researchers at PLOS ONE found that caged mink consume fewer food treats when exposed to stimulating environments, such as water for wading. The study also showed that these animals sleep more soundly, contradicting the common notion of boredom leading to increased wakefulness.
A pilot study of six patients with chronic fatigue syndrome detected specific antibodies linked to latent Epstein-Barr virus reactivation, which responded to antiviral treatment. The researchers plan to develop a clinical laboratory test to detect these antibodies in blood samples, offering a potential breakthrough in diagnosis.
A University of Innsbruck team assessed glacier contribution to sea level rise from 1902 to 2009, finding that melting glaciers caused about 11 cm of sea level increase. Glaciers' melt rates were surprisingly constant over time, with brief warm episodes leading to Arctic glacier retreat.
The University of Oklahoma has received nearly $2 million in National Science Foundation grants to enhance its research capabilities in meteorology, high energy physics, and bioengineering. The grants will enable OU faculty and students to conduct cutting-edge research with state-of-the-art equipment.
A new study using genetic variation to investigate the effects of moderate alcohol intake during pregnancy found that exposure to alcohol in the womb can lower a child's IQ by almost two points. The study suggests that even moderate amounts of alcohol during pregnancy can have an impact on future child intelligence.
Researchers found that single-wall carbon nanotubes significantly reduced accumulated DNA damage in solutions with nanotubes present. The protective effect was attributed to the nanotubes acting as scavengers, binding up oxidative species and preventing them from interacting with DNA.
Researchers combine EEG and fMRI data to transform brain wave patterns into free-form music, providing a platform for scientists and artists to better understand the links between music and the human brain. The study reveals an improved method to reflect the physiological processes of the scale-free brain in music.
A University of Cincinnati study found that union spending related to state issues has a broad, cumulative effect on public safety funding and employment. The researchers discovered no evidence of competitive rent seeking, but observed a correlation between liberal states and smaller per-capita prison populations.
A recent ACS study found that chrome yellow pigments, like those used by Van Gogh, darken over time when exposed to certain types of light. To prevent this darkening, art collectors and gallery owners should minimize their paintings' exposure to blue/violet/ultra-violet range.
Researchers at Hebrew University have found that people can read and solve complex mathematical problems without being consciously aware of them. Using a technique called Continuous Flash Suppression (CFS), the team showed that participants could complete arithmetic tasks more quickly when they were unconsciously presented with equations.
The UK BiLEVE study aims to discover the genes affecting lung function and susceptibility to COPD. Researchers will analyze data from 50,000 UK Biobank participants to identify genetic variants associated with COPD, shedding light on why some people are more prone to lung disease.
The university will provide fellowships to six graduate students in chemistry, three in bioengineering, and three in electrical engineering. The programs aim to increase diversity among Ph.D. students and promote underrepresented populations.
The EMBO Young Investigator Programme recognizes 22 young researchers under 40 who have established their first laboratories in the past four years. The selected candidates receive financial support of €15,000 per year for three years, as well as access to networking opportunities and laboratory training.
A new study found that diabetic patients have a higher risk of hearing impairment, which is independent of aging or environmental factors. The study's findings suggest that diabetic patients should be screened for hearing impairment at an earlier age to prevent related health problems.
Researchers aim to characterize RNA molecule variation in human neurons and heart cells, which may provide insights into aging and disease. They will use novel technologies to analyze individual cell transcriptomes and explore the role of G protein-couple receptors.
A new study from Queen's University Belfast reveals that 80% of couples diagnosed with 'unexplained infertility' have a detectable cause, high sperm DNA damage. This breakthrough will lead to better treatment options, saving time, money, and heartache for affected couples.
WiFox improves data throughput in large audience WiFi environments by prioritizing access point data transmission. The software program monitors traffic and grants priority based on backlog size, improving data response times significantly.
A GW researcher has received a grant to study the effectiveness of Tamsulosin as an alternative treatment for kidney stones, with the goal of reducing complications and speeding up stone passage. The four-year study will enroll patients in three Emergency Departments and randomize them to receive either Tamsulosin or a placebo.
Research suggests that military women are more likely to experience unintended pregnancy due to limited access to contraception and reproductive health services. The study emphasizes the need for improved healthcare education and emergency contraception to address this issue.
A new genomic analysis of pigs reveals similarities with humans in terms of adaptability and susceptibility to domestication. The study also found differences between European and Asian breeds, supporting the independent domestication of pigs in western Eurasia and East Asia.
Researchers have developed a new computer algorithm that analyzes thermal images of breasts to enhance breast cancer detection. The approach improved accuracy from 90% to 96% in tests on 28 patients, paving the way for future studies with larger patient groups.
A new study by a University of British Columbia medical resident found that hypothermic patients in cardiac arrest have a 50% chance of surviving if transported to a hospital with advanced heart and lung support equipment. Non-invasive rewarming techniques, such as hot air blankets, are recommended for mild cases.
Researchers compared the genomes of domestic pigs with wild boars to reveal genetic differences that could improve pig health and combat diseases like diabetes, obesity, and Alzheimer's. The study also identified genes linked to smell, shedding light on human diseases.
A gene variant known as R47H in TREM2 nearly triples the risk of Alzheimer's disease, according to a global team including Mayo Clinic researchers. The study identified rare variants in TREM2 associated with an increased risk of Alzheimer's, with the R47H variant showing strong association with the disease.
Researchers found that brain activity oscillates in sync with sounds we hear, influencing our ability to detect fleeting gaps in music. The study's findings suggest that the brain uses rhythmic fluctuations to prepare for important incoming information, potentially aiding individuals with hearing loss or stuttering.
A new study suggests climate change is causing significant stress to western rangelands, leading to ecosystem degradation and loss of biodiversity. The researchers recommend reducing or eliminating livestock from public lands to mitigate these effects and restore affected ecosystems.
A team of researchers has successfully cloned single-wall carbon nanotubes with identical structures using a DNA-based technique. This breakthrough solves the challenge of producing nanotubes of specific structure for nanoelectronics.
Researchers discovered a genetic mutation in the TREM2 gene linked to increased Alzheimer's disease risk. The study found that this rare mutation occurs in just 0.3% of the population but makes patients three times more likely to develop the disease.
The Illacme plenipes, a millipede species from California, boasts the most legs of any animal group, with females reaching up to 750 legs. Its unique anatomy and adaptations enable it to thrive in its limited habitat near San Juan Bautista, where thick fog accumulation provides a specialized environment.
A new study found that adding vegetables to dinner can increase positive evaluations of the main course and the cook. The study suggests that thinking about vegetables as an enhancement of the meal may be a more effective strategy for increasing vegetable consumption.
A team of USC researchers has successfully grown carbon nanotube semiconductors with predefined structures, paving the way for their potential use in future electronics. The breakthrough, known as 'nanotube cloning,' involves using pre-selected and separated carbon nanotubes as seeds to control the growth of longer nanotubes.
Scientists discover ancient intermediate form of great white shark, which shows modern sharks descended from broad-toothed mako sharks. The discovery pushes the origin of great whites back 2 million years, challenging previous classifications.
A new report from USC analysis shows that California has a higher proportion of uninsured children compared to the US. The study found that public health insurance and employer-based coverage have increased, but the gap between these options and private insurance has stalled over the past three years.
Researchers use supercomputer simulations and clinical studies to identify threshold levels of stress for better helmet designs. The sensors could alert sufferers to potential problems, helping military and civilian populations.
Researchers found that captive mink in confined spaces showed increased interest in stimuli and spent more time seeking stimulation when given little to do. The study aimed to assess animal boredom scientifically and has implications for understanding its causes and effects across species.
A new relationship education program specifically designed for male same-sex couples is being tested, focusing on commitment, communication, and conflict resolution. The program has shown promising results in helping couples build stability and resolve conflicts, highlighting the need for tailored support for this population.
A new gene delivery vehicle has been developed to target tumor cells with the TNFα cytokine, allowing for improved drug delivery and reduced resistance. The treatment approach combines the cytokine with a DNA-intercalating drug doxorubicin, showing promise in reducing tumor growth and metastasis.
Research published by Viren Swami from the University of Westminster found that men and women equally identified Kate's symptoms as indicative of a mental health disorder, but men were less likely to recognize Jack's symptoms. Men also rated Kate's case as more distressing and deserving of sympathy than Jack's.
A new study reveals that improving water supplies in rural African villages can lead to higher birth rates, larger family sizes, and increased household shortages. As a result, young adults are more likely to migrate to cities, exacerbating poverty and urbanization issues.
Researchers from the University of Illinois found that frontline employees are more likely to commit to continuous improvement initiatives if they perceive high job autonomy and trust their leaders. Employees need a sense of control over their work environment to be motivated to improve, and leadership must provide support for this mot...
A preliminary study by researchers at the National Institutes of Health found that couples with high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and similar environmental pollutants take longer to achieve pregnancy. The study suggests a possible link between exposure to these pollutants and pregnancy delay.
A recent study led by academics from the University of Bristol's School of Veterinary Sciences found that caudal compression of the infraorbital nerve can be a viable option for headshaking in horses. The procedure showed a nearly 50% long-term success rate, offering a promising alternative to euthanasia.
A new study suggests that chronic exposure to bright light at night can lead to depression-like behaviors, including decreased interest in sugar and pleasure seeking, and impaired cognitive function. Treatment with Prozac restored the mice's healthy moods and learning abilities.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that bonobos yawn more contagiously when closely related or relaxed, while senior group members trigger yawns regardless of context. This social component suggests empathy plays a role in shaping yawning behavior.
A recent study published in the British medical journal 'Clinical & Experimental Allergy' found that children with skin manifestations have increased levels of eosinophil progenitors in their blood. Exposure to environmental contaminants, such as cigarette smoke, was also linked to higher levels of allergy-relevant stem cells.
Scientists have identified stem cells in the adult pancreas that can be turned into insulin-producing cells, offering a potential cure for type 1 diabetes. This breakthrough discovery provides further evidence of the existence of stem cells beyond embryos and may lead to new treatments for the condition.
Researchers discovered that desynchronised brain activity during sleep could trigger some of schizophrenia's symptoms. The study suggests poor sleep might be a cause, not just a consequence of the disorder's effects.
Researchers from Princeton University found that large national and international banks wield an influence that far exceeds their actual size. To mitigate this effect, the researchers suggest requiring large banks to maintain capital relevant to their systemic importance.
The new textbook on thermodynamics provides a clear structure and mathematical foundations, making it easier for students to understand the subject. It combines mathematical exactness with intuitive approaches, useful for chemists, biologists, and engineers.
The Keeneland Full Scale System is a 615 TFLOPS HP Proliant SL250-based supercomputer with 264 nodes, offering sustained performance of over a quarter of a PetaFLOP. This system enables researchers to run higher resolution simulations than ever before.
Spatial cognition researchers will form a virtual institute to collaborate and advance the field of spatial intelligence and learning. The Thematic Network in Spatial Cognition aims to establish spatial cognition as a scientific discipline, with relevance to education in STEM fields and professional areas.
The Wuzhishan miniature pig genome sequence has provided valuable knowledge for medical engineering and drug design. Despite high levels of polymorphism, the genome is mostly homozygous, with 84% homology between humans and pigs.
Scientists at Virginia Commonwealth University have made a significant breakthrough in understanding how cancer spreads, discovering that a specific protein can be inhibited to stop melanoma metastasis. The research could lead to new targeted therapies and diagnostic tools for patients with melanoma and potentially other cancers.
The growth of citizen science has led to a surge in public involvement in scientific research, with over 25 NSF-funded projects now underway. Chemistry projects, such as Curating ChemSpider or monitoring water quality, allow hobbyists and enthusiasts to contribute to groundbreaking research.
Researchers found that a little distraction can help drone operators stay engaged and perform better. Participants who were distracted 30% of the time scored almost as high as those who focused the majority of their attention on the simulation.
The pig genome has been mapped, providing insights into the evolution of domesticated pigs and their relationship to wild boars. The study reveals that domestication occurred nearly 10,000 years ago in several independent locations across Europe and Asia.
The 2012 AAAS Kavli Science Journalism Awards honored outstanding science journalists, including Carl Zimmer for his work on evolution and the human microbiome. The awards recognized the importance of science journalism in covering big stories that both excite and enlighten. Sarah Holt won three times for her NOVA documentary exploring...
Australian researchers discovered that reduced heart rate variability best predicts cognitive disturbances in people with chronic fatigue syndrome. The study found a significant loss of vagal modulation, consistent with the notion that CFS represents a system under stress. This could lead to new ways to improve cognitive difficulties i...