A new online platform called OneZoom allows users to explore the evolutionary tree of life in an interactive and intuitive way. By zooming in on different groups of organisms, users can reveal more details about their characteristics, extinction risks, and links to additional information.
A new noninvasive test measures DNA changes and fecal blood to detect precancerous lesions, showing high detection rates for cancers and precursors. The test achieved 98% sensitivity for all cancers and 83% for precursors with high-grade dysplasia.
A new study published in Clinical Psychological Science found that recent exposure to targeted rejection activates inflammatory signaling pathways and elevates pro-inflammatory signaling molecules. Participants with higher perceived social status showed a more pronounced effect, suggesting an adaptive response in top-tier individuals.
Researchers at the University of California, San Diego have received a $9.3 million grant from the NIH to develop a three-dimensional map of gene activities in individual cells in the human cortex. Understanding variations between individual cells may be critical to understanding the origins of diseases such as brain disorders.
The new guidelines suggest using a risk calculator to determine the risk level for general population, and recommend no routine screening with blood tests for adults at low or moderate risk of diabetes. For high-risk adults, screening is recommended every 3-5 years using A1C blood test.
A new study by German scholars found that viewers' impressions of political candidates are heavily weighted to the content of their speech rather than nonverbal cues. The research suggests that politicians should focus on improving their verbal communication skills to make a stronger impression on voters.
Researchers at Salk Institute discovered adenovirus proteins that hijack cell machinery, including growth and replication. E4-ORF3 protein assembles into polymers that capture tumor suppressors and silence genes, providing a new avenue for cancer therapies.
Researchers found millions of years ago birds were host to many different kinds of viruses, serving as a melting pot where viruses recombined and shared genetic information. The study suggests avian retroviral evolution differs from other vertebrates.
The study analyzed videos of 227 falls from 130 individuals, finding incorrect weight shifting as the most frequent cause. The researchers identified common hazards, such as foot getting caught on tables or chairs, that require attention to prevent future falls.
Seedless watermelons are more profitable for farmers, but their flowers require fertilization from male flowers of seeded plants. Researchers have identified three pollenizer varieties that produce the most male flowers and resist fungal infection, helping farmers make informed decisions about crop management.
Researchers have found that abnormal eye movements in amblyopia are caused by changes in the brain's subcortical regions. The study, published in Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, suggests that these changes may be an attempt to enhance contrast sensitivity in visually impaired eyes.
A new study found that EMR before RFA is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with nodular Barrett's esophagus and advanced neoplasia. The performance of EMR before RFA was not associated with a diminished likelihood of success or increased stricture rate compared to RFA alone.
Researchers found that people in creative professions are treated more often for mental illness than the general population, particularly for schizophrenia. Creative fields were also associated with higher rates of bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety syndrome, substance abuse, and suicidal behavior.
The New Horizons team has discovered a high risk of collisions with debris orbiting Pluto due to its fast speed. To mitigate this risk, the team is plotting alternative courses that would preserve most of the science mission while avoiding deadly encounters.
The mission targeted the rapidly-changing Thwaites Glacier, a high-priority area for researchers. Scientists recorded new measurements to build a record of change in the Antarctic, combining them with previously gathered data.
Researchers have identified distinct brain regions involved in social decisions and reactions, shedding light on the neural basis of basic social behaviors. These findings may help address conditions such as autism, psychopathology, and schizophrenia, which involve social dysfunctions.
The partnership will focus on measurement and characterization of nanomaterials for enhanced optical, electrical and mechanical properties. The research aims to kickstart advances in energy, healthcare, materials science and national security.
A research group recommends that patient-reported symptoms and health-related quality of life measures should be assessed in comparative effectiveness studies. This approach is crucial for adequate evaluation of cancer treatments, as patients' experiences directly impact their ability to function and maintain quality of life.
Dr. Mary E. Northridge is leading a five-year, $3.7 million NIH grant to analyze how racial and ethnic older adults overcome barriers to accessing oral health care services. The research will examine the effects of social networks, community support, and healthcare attitudes on oral health outcomes.
A genetic study has found that Sumatran orangutans have undergone a substantial recent population decline due to deforestation. However, the research also identified critical corridors for dispersal migrations that can help maintain genetic diversity and aid in the species' conservation if protected.
Researchers have discovered that electrons in microplasmas directly interact with and electrolyze water, producing hydrogen gas. This finding fills a crucial gap in understanding the complex phenomenon of plasma-liquid interactions.
A joint UMCP and UMB research project has been awarded a new $2 million grant to continue developing a small robot that could aid neurosurgeons in removing difficult-to-reach brain tumors. The robot, called MINIR-II, is fully MRI-compatible and will be controlled by the physician, with targeting information obtained from real-time MRI.
Researchers Padma Kant Shukla and Bengt Eliasson develop a unified theory explaining nonlinear dust acoustic shocks and solitary pulses in dusty plasmas. Laboratory experiments reveal large amplitude dust acoustic solitary pulses and shock waves, which their model successfully explains.
San Diego State University has received a $3.9 million Department of Energy grant to develop a full-scale testing device for its solar energy theory. The project aims to prove the concept on a scale used to generate electricity, potentially offering a more efficient way to produce solar energy.
Researchers found that initial bubble growth determines eruption size, with rapid changes in gas flux and composition crucial for prediction. The study provides a key to understanding volcanic eruptions and could lead to better predictions of their scale.
A recent study by University of Toronto researchers found that firms not disclosing geographic earnings had lower effective tax rates, indicating tax avoidance. The study suggests that transparency is key to deterring tax avoidance behaviors.
The USDA has announced a regional biofuels system in the Northeast, aimed at developing sustainable energy markets and creating jobs. The project, valued at $10 million, will focus on biomass supply chains for liquid transportation and aviation biofuels.
Concordia University professors Jean-Philippe Gouin and Sylvia Santosa have received $1 million in federal funding to advance their research on chronic stress and nutrition. The funding will support investigations into the psychological and physiological processes that link chronic caregiving stress to immune problems and poor health.
Researchers found that brain volume recovery can occur within the first two weeks of abstinence, but at different rates for various brain regions. This study suggests that a minimum of two-week recovery program is necessary to help recovering addicts overcome addiction and achieve abstinence.
Scientists have identified a new type of stem cell that can generate new blood vessels, offering new possibilities for treating cardiovascular disease and cancer. The discovery could lead to the development of new therapeutics to prevent or stimulate neoangiogenesis.
A new study at the University of Southampton aims to develop a method to predict who is at higher risk of getting cancer. The CANcer DIagnosis Decision rules (CANDID) study collects and analyzes data from 20,000 patients with lung or colon cancer.
Research highlights sleep's role in shaping memory, learning, and behavior, with implications for dementia, obesity, and mental health. Sleep deprivation poses significant risks to these areas, emphasizing the importance of a good night's rest.
Researchers found that high levels of activated Stat5 protein in prostate cancer after surgery are associated with increased risk of recurrence and death. The study suggests Stat5 could serve as a biomarker to help guide patients and physicians for future treatment.
A new study by 23andMe finds that combining family history with genetic testing provides the most accurate predictions for complex diseases. For highly common conditions like coronary artery disease, family history is essential, while genetic tests offer more value for less common diseases.
Tropical Storm Rafael is expected to bring heavy rainfall and flash flooding to the northern Leeward Islands, with isolated totals reaching up to 12 inches. The storm is also forecasted to impact Bermuda late on Tuesday, Oct. 16, prompting a Tropical Storm Watch for the island.
Researchers found that humans tend to alter language to make it clearer and more concise, striking a balance between effort and clarity. This bias towards efficiency acts as a filter, introducing common patterns across languages.
A systematic review of 8 case studies found the 'mother's kiss' technique to be an effective and safe method for removing foreign objects from young children's nasal passages. The technique involves a parent covering the child's mouth and blowing gently, which can dislodge the object without the need for invasive measures.
Researchers have developed a mathematical tool to assess the thermodynamic behavior of Mediterranean courtyards, finding that they can be up to 9°C cooler than outside in summer. This allows for energy-efficient designs without sacrificing sustainability.
Researchers propose innovative treatments for alcohol dependence, including motor rehabilitation to increase inhibitory control and environmental enrichment to reduce craving. These approaches aim to improve treatment outcomes and reduce the health and social costs associated with addiction.
A study published in Archives of Dermatology found that nearly 40% of participants in Germany had ever used a sunbed, with women being more likely to use them. The main motivations for tanning were relaxation and attractiveness, while the risk of skin cancer was significantly increased by sunbed use.
A study found that high beta amyloid plaque levels associated with Alzheimer's disease can lead to steeper memory decline in healthy older individuals. The research used PET brain scans and cognitive assessments to track participants over a year and a half, revealing a significant correlation between plaque accumulation and memory loss.
A study found that adding the prebiotic fructooligosacharide (FOS) to the diets of pediatric patients with intestinal failure can increase gut growth and function. The prebiotic converts into butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid that enhances nutrient digestion and absorption.
Nearly half of patients with chronic conditions don't follow prescribed medication regimens, increasing risk of side effects, hospitalizations, and reduced quality of life. Patients' beliefs about the causes of high blood pressure and treatment alternatives significantly affect their adherence to medications.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that fit elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer can benefit from salvage targeted therapy without increased toxicity. The study analyzed data from 255 patients and showed no difference in response rates or progression-free survival between age groups.
Boston Medical Center is implementing a two-year grant program to train healthcare providers in Massachusetts about incorporating screening and intervention for unhealthy alcohol and other drug use into their practices. The program aims to reduce risky behavior and promote early intervention and prevention strategies.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have developed a new gold nanoparticle treatment for prostate cancer that uses radioactive gold nanoparticles. The treatment has shown to be safe and effective in dogs, which are the only other mammal to naturally contract aggressive prostate cancer, making it a promising lead for human trials.
A new study on rats exposed to fuel similar to that of the Prestige tanker oil spill shows a direct link between respiratory exposure to compounds discharged by the fuel and damage to genetic material. The research suggests that people who carry out industrial cleaning of coasts or are involved in cleanup efforts may be at risk.
A new study suggests that social contact can lower pain responses and inflammation in mice with nerve damage. The study found that paired mice showed reduced signs of inflammation and allodynia behavior compared to isolated mice.
Researchers found that mice exposed to a drug that increases TSLP levels are protected from developing skin tumors. Elevated TSLP also triggers an immune response that targets and destroys cancer cells. The study suggests that hyper-vigilance of the immune system may have benefits in fighting off skin cancer.
Researchers developed a new radiation treatment method that reduces the risk of permanent neurocognitive damage in children with brain tumors. The study found that proton therapy and photon therapy techniques significantly decreased the risk of these adverse effects, potentially leading to better quality of life for affected children.
A new NYU study finds that fathers play a significant role in shaping their teenager's sexual behavior, despite being underrepresented in parent-based research. The study calls for more rigorous research and targeted interventions to support adolescent health and well-being.
Researchers at Iowa State University are using microbes to convert bio-oil from biomass into ethanol and lipids for biodiesel. The evolving bacteria and microalgae can tolerate higher concentrations of bio-oil, leading to a more efficient production process.
A recent study found that short-term sleep deprivation significantly decreases insulin sensitivity in fat cells, a key finding with implications for metabolic disorders. The researchers also discovered that regular sleep deprivation may lead to metabolic problems such as diabetes and obesity over time.
New research from UTHealth suggests that fat progenitor cells in obese individuals can fuel tumor growth by supporting blood vessel formation. This discovery has the potential to help prevent or slow down cancer progression.
Researchers from San Francisco State University found that puzzle interviews are perceived as unfair and unrelated to job skills. However, some students rated candidates better in puzzle interviews due to their poise and relatively decent answers.
Research reveals that the amount of protein in solution determines the formation of fibrils, which can lead to cell death. Developing treatments for diseases caused by protein aggregation is a possibility with this new knowledge.
Research from the University of Exeter found that soccer training significantly lowered blood pressure in middle-aged men with hypertension, improving exercise capacity and reducing body fat. The study suggests that regular soccer training can be a game-changing approach to managing cardiovascular disease risk.
Research suggests that pulmonary vaccine delivery can induce a local immune response more effectively than traditional injections, potentially combating pathogens that cause pulmonary diseases. The unique physiology of the respiratory tract makes it an attractive alternative to injections.
Hurricane Paul has strengthened into a hurricane with maximum sustained winds near 90 mph, posing a threat to Baja California with heavy rainfall expected between 2-4 inches. The National Hurricane Center warns of dangerous surf and tropical storm conditions along the coast by Oct 16.
eLife has published its first four research articles, describing groundbreaking discoveries in life science and biomedicine. These include a hormone that increases mouse lifespan and a critical signaling molecule involved in the evolution of multicellularity.