Studies show that some structural features of languages are relatively stable over time, while others exhibit individual family-specific factors. Researchers found probable connections between the Americas and NE Eurasian languages dating back to peopling of the Americas 12,000 years ago.
Researchers found that auditory cues had the greatest influence on human gait, while visual cues had no significant effect. The study suggests that auditory cues could be particularly helpful for patients with Parkinson's Disease in their rehabilitation.
A recent study found that the abandonment of rice cultivation in Taiwanese paddies has led to an increase in disease-carrying ticks and chiggers, resulting in higher incidence rates of scrub typhus. This demonstrates the potential for global commodities pricing to drive the spread of infections.
Research from the University of Copenhagen suggests that dividing campaigns into combating non-communicable or communicable diseases is ineffective and expensive. Integrated health programmes focusing on common risk factors like poor nutrition can effectively combat diseases such as diabetes and tuberculosis.
Researchers identified a molecular basis of coat patterning in mammals, revealing that a single gene mutation causes striped tabbies to have blotchy coats. The study used DNA samples from feral cats, captive cheetahs, and domestic cats to uncover the role of a protease called Taqpep.
The Modeling Good Research Practices Task Force provides comprehensive guidance on designing, implementing, and validating model-based studies. The seven reports offer recommendations for conceptualizing models, dealing with uncertainty, and validating models transparently.
The largest genomic study ever conducted among Khoe and San groups reveals that these groups from southern Africa are descendants of the earliest diversification event in human history. The research found evidence of local adaptation in different Khoe and San groups, as well as surprising stratification among the groups.
Researchers found that the spread of scores across different sports, such as volleyball and snooker, follows a similar distribution. They also discovered that this phenomenon applies to other everyday phenomena, including human wealth and population distribution, governed by power laws and the Pareto principle.
A study published in European Heart Journal found that between 30-40% of obese patients are metabolically healthy, exhibiting better cardiorespiratory fitness and a lower mortality risk. Health professionals can use lipid profile, BMI, and fitness to assess the risk for heart or cancer disease in obese individuals.
A virtual reality simulator called NeuroTouch provides neurosurgery trainees with valuable opportunities to practice essential skills and techniques for brain cancer surgery. The system uses 3-D graphics and haptic technology to simulate common tasks and tools, allowing surgeons to practice basic surgical skills.
Dr. James Sowers, a renowned endocrinologist, has received the American Heart Association's Lifetime Achievement Award for his pioneering work on the deadly link between cardiovascular disease and diabetes. His research has significantly advanced our understanding of insulin action, vascular biology, and metabolic disorders.
Researchers at Caltech used Caenorhabditis elegans to study cell migration, identifying genes that are active during this process. These findings may lead to the development of new drugs that block cell migration, which is linked to tumor formation and metastatic cancer.
The University of Illinois Chicago College of Medicine has received a five-year, $3.4 million federal grant to improve healthcare for Latinos by increasing opportunities for students to pursue health careers and enrich their education.
A new study published in The Lancet suggests that replacing intravenous catheters only when clinically necessary is safe and could save millions. This policy change would prevent up to 6 million unnecessary catheter insertions and save about $60 million annually in health costs, according to the research.
Researchers discovered a gene called Taqpep that helps establish periodic patterns like stripes or spots in felines. Variations in the Edn3 gene are responsible for dark hair color, suggesting a link between genetic mechanisms and animal coat patterns.
A Swedish commercial weight loss program called Itrim was evaluated for its effectiveness, and researchers found that participants lost an average of 11 kg after one year. The program, which includes three different diets and group sessions, showed promising results with the most rigorous diet resulting in the greatest weight loss.
Tropical Storm Nadine has continued to display tropical characteristics, indicating it has not transitioned to an extra-tropical storm. NASA's TRMM satellite gathered rainfall data, showing convection near the center and a maximum intensity of rainfall about 20 mm/hr.
The London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine emphasizes that NCD prevention requires significant economic changes across populations and industries to reduce premature deaths by 25% by 2025. Effective policies must consider the broader macro-economic picture, not just micro-economic approaches.
Researchers Stuart Aaronson and Ross Cagan received a $351,713 grant from the National Cancer Institute to investigate signaling pathways responsible for Wnt oncogene addiction. They aim to discover potent drugs that can disrupt this addiction in tumor cells, increasing the efficacy of therapy for Wnt-activated human cancers.
Researchers will use wild strawberry plants to identify the role of genetic diversity in polyploids, which make up 30-80% of all living plants. The project aims to predict ecological responses to environmental change and ensure sustainability of crops like strawberries, cherries, and apples.
University of Oregon scientists have developed a new method to simulate multiscale systems, accurately reproducing structure and thermodynamic quantities. This breakthrough enables more reliable and efficient simulations, potentially revolutionizing fields like biology and material engineering.
Researchers at Northwestern University have identified two promising therapies to treat AMKL: alisertib and dimethylfasudil. Alisertib targets Aurora A kinase and shows promise in mouse models, while dimethylfasudil boosts mature bone marrow cells and inhibits malignant ones.
A Clemson University physics professor will lead a team to develop novel electrochemical capacitors with scalability blueprints. The project aims to create high-energy storage devices superior to existing ones.
Researchers at the University of Texas at Dallas have developed a technique called 'space travel' that allows one computer in a virtual network to monitor another for intrusions and malware. This technology bridges the gap between hardware and software systems, enabling more efficient threat detection.
A nationwide hospital database analysis found no significant difference in the risk of death for operations performed in July compared to all other months. The complication rate was also similar, with rates ranging from 1.4% to 7.2%. The results suggest that there is no 'July phenomenon' affecting neurosurgical risks.
A study by the American Heart Association found that drinking low-calorie cranberry juice for eight weeks significantly lowered blood pressure in healthy adults, from an average of 121/73 mmHg to 118/70 mmHg. The antioxidants in cranberry juice are believed to be responsible for this effect.
Researchers at ORNL have discovered a strain relaxation phenomenon in cobaltites that can lead to defect-free thin films. This breakthrough could enable the creation of advanced materials for fuel cells, magnetic sensors, and other energy-related applications.
Case Western Reserve University researcher Nicole Ward is leading a study to identify the mechanistic link between psoriasis and heart attack/stroke. The study aims to provide first-ever evidence that cell-specific events in psoriasis can be targeted for treatment, potentially improving cardiovascular disease outcomes.
The study found that obstructive sleep apnea is associated with higher rates of preeclampsia, cesarean deliveries, and NICU admissions. Women with sleep apnea were more likely to deliver babies with respiratory distress, highlighting the need for better screening and treatment during pregnancy.
Scientists tracked bumblebees to understand their route selection process. After an average of 26 attempts each bee refined its route through trial and error, selecting the most efficient path. The study revealed that bees don't easily forget a fruitful flower and can learn complex routes without visual cues.
Research reveals that preferentially transmitted HIV strains in heterosexuals are often similar to the strain initially infecting the partner, indicating an evolutionary advantage. This finding may help advance HIV prevention efforts and develop an effective vaccine.
Researchers used DNA analysis to separate hundreds of coral symbionts into distinct species, revealing unique ecological distributions. This breakthrough should improve research into reef-building corals and their complex biology, potentially aiding in the survival of corals under global warming.
Researchers at Uppsala University found that newly formed emotional memories can be erased from the brain by disrupting the reconsolidation process. This breakthrough may lead to improved treatments for anxiety disorders such as phobias and post-traumatic stress.
A study by Emmanouil Dermitzakis and colleagues found that genetic variants impact gene expression differently in men and women. The researchers discovered that even with the same DNA mutation, the effect on gene expression varies between sexes.
A new process called chemical lift-off lithography (CLL) enables precise patterning of biomolecules at the nanoscale, avoiding diffused patterns. The technique uses chemically treated stamps to remove molecules already in place on gold substrates.
A federally funded study found that children with mild to moderate kidney disease have abnormally thick neck arteries, a condition known as carotid atherosclerosis. This discovery highlights the need for aggressive monitoring and early treatment to prevent later heart attacks and strokes.
Research reveals that approximately 30-40% of eukaryotic proteomes consist of intrinsically disordered proteins, playing crucial roles in signaling and regulation. These proteins' unique characteristics enable them to interact with multiple molecules, facilitating efficient information exchange through networks.
Researchers found that bilateral cochlear implants restored binaural processing in deaf children who received the implants at a young age, but not those who delayed their second implant. The study suggests that early auditory experience is critical for binaural processing.
A study published in the American Journal of Public Health found that free bus passes encourage older people to walk frequently and take more journeys by active travel. This can lead to improved mental wellbeing, mobility, and reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, falls, and fractures.
Research suggests that individuals with psychopathic tendencies exhibit impaired odor discrimination and identification skills. This finding supports the idea that front-brain inefficiencies are associated with psychopathy.
In a preliminary clinical trial, half-matched bone marrow transplants successfully eliminated sickle cell disease in 11 of 17 patients. The transplants, which used donated marrow from partially matched donors, also improved blood test results and reduced the need for pain medications.
A new study reveals that secondhand smoke exposure disproportionately affects African Americans, especially black infants, resulting in higher mortality rates. The study found that communities of color experience the greatest losses due to secondhand smoke, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
A new study using the UW tags recorded over 28,000 interactions among 34 crows, showing a surprising number of contacts between non-related crows. The technology allows researchers to study animal social interactions on an incredibly fine scale, revealing key insights into bird behavior and social networks.
Research suggests public safety-net hospitals directly controlled by governments are more profitable than others, contradicting expectations. To sustain themselves financially, these hospitals must transform their organizations to adapt to the new market dynamic and reduce reliance on direct public subsidies.
Researchers use near infrared reflectance spectroscopy to assess seed oil quality and quantity, potentially boosting biodiesel output by optimizing oilseed yields and reducing costs
The study analyzed trends in death due to anaesthesia and perioperative mortality worldwide. The estimates suggest a significant decline in anaesthetic-related mortality, with a 90% decrease from the 1970s to the 1990s. Perioperative mortality also decreased by about 88%.
A new study at the International Water Association Conference has made significant breakthroughs in reducing sewer gas emissions. The treatment, called Cloevis, uses a magic mix of chemicals to stop 99% of hydrogen sulphide emitted from sewers, significantly decreasing bad smells and their impact on corroding pipes.
The Carlsberg Foundation has awarded two prestigious research prizes to professors from the University of Copenhagen, recognizing their groundbreaking work in cancer research and international politics. Kristian Helin's research on cell division and differentiation has led to important knowledge about what goes wrong in cells when canc...
A large-scale European study found that surgical mortality rates are significantly higher than previously estimated, with 4% of patients dying after surgery. The highest mortality rates were observed in Latvia and Poland, while Ireland, Italy, Belgium, Portugal, and France also showed significant variations.
A new report outlines best practices for US states to improve their effectiveness in curbing prescription drug abuse and overdose deaths. The study found that proactive approaches, such as analyzing data and sharing information with prescribers and law enforcement, can prevent painkiller misuse and reduce fatal overdoses.
Researchers have discovered a harmless mosquito virus that's closely related to some of the world's most dangerous mosquito-borne pathogens. The Eilat virus could aid in the development of new alphavirus vaccines, therapies, and diagnostic techniques, potentially offering a unique tool for studying other alphaviruses.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen suggests that an increased activity of a particular iron-transport protein destroys insulin-producing beta cells, leading to type-2 diabetes. Mice without this iron transporter are protected against developing diabetes, providing potential insights into preventing the disease.
A new series published in The Lancet presents laboratory research and clinical trial results on traumatic brain injury, haemorrhagic shock and major musculoskeletal injuries. Researchers identified promising avenues for improving patient outcomes, including innovative treatments for these complex conditions.
Consuming greater amounts of choline during pregnancy may lower an infant's vulnerability to stress-related illnesses later in life. Higher maternal choline intake led to a more stable hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, resulting in less cortisol and a reduced risk of chronic conditions.
Researchers at MGH have identified components responsible for therapy-blocking solid stress and suggest therapeutic strategies. By measuring solid stress in tumor tissues, they found that inhibition of fibroblast growth can reduce solid stress and open up compressed blood vessels, improving treatment outcomes.
A team of researchers at the University of Manchester has found a novel solution to reducing inflammation by harnessing the power of hypertonic solutions. They discovered that bathing in or applying these solutions can shrink cells and deactivate the inflammatory response.
Nurses played a crucial role in feeding people and restoring their humanity in times of great crisis, as evident during the liberation of Bergen-Belsen at the end of World War Two. The lack of credit given to these women has led to research encouraging nurses to take ownership of patient nutrition and acknowledge its importance.
Researchers have discovered a novel mechanism in pollen cells that silences potentially mutagenic sequences of mobile DNA, thereby avoiding damage to new plants. The mechanism involves the addition of methyl groups to DNA sequences, which is restored by small RNA molecules, ensuring epigenetic inheritance.
A new Case Report highlights the dangers of fake antimalarial medicines sold worldwide, particularly in Equatorial Guinea. The drugs were confirmed to be counterfeit despite convincing packaging, underscoring the need for traveller vigilance.
The Emory Center for Selective C-H Functionalization aims to break new ground in organic synthesis, making it faster, simpler, and greener. The center's research is poised to help C-H functionalization enter the mainstream of organic chemistry.
Researchers found that a mother's diet before pregnancy can induce epigenetic changes in her genes, which are then inherited by her offspring. These changes affect the metabolism of essential fatty acids in the pups' livers. The study suggests a potential link between maternal nutrition and children's health outcomes.
Researchers at Michigan State University are studying the E2F family of transcription factors in relation to HER2 breast cancer. By understanding how these genes control tumor growth and spread, they hope to develop more effective treatments.
Researchers used mathematical modeling to better understand the causes of debilitating diseases like glaucoma, which could lead to more efficient treatments. The model helps doctors measure blood flow and oxygen levels in fine detail, improving their ability to treat root causes.
Researchers have developed a new analysis framework to help clinicians spot 'medically actionable findings' from genetic tests, streamlining the process and providing more timely results. The approach classifies genetic variations into three categories, prioritizing those linked to treatable or preventable conditions.
UK scientists found that widely-used agricultural insecticides like neonicotinoids may not be the primary cause of honeybee colony collapse. Researchers repeated a flawed calculation and used a realistic birth rate, revealing the risk of colony collapse under pesticide exposure disappears.
A Rutgers law professor is researching user-generated content in video games, which raises questions about copyright law and creative freedom. The study aims to understand how games enable or constrain player creativity and whether user-generated content complies with copyright law.
A qualitative study of teenage patients found they spend a great deal of time online, guarding their privacy consciously. They prioritize social and psychological privacy but are concerned about data collection for targeted ads.
A new study found that moving from high-poverty to lower-poverty neighborhoods increases happiness and well-being in low-income adults, despite not improving economic self-sufficiency. The study suggests that neighborhood income segregation is a key factor in shaping the outcomes of adults in these communities.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory discovered that small RNAs guide epigenetic modifications of DNA in plants, allowing for inherited traits and influencing cross-breeding practices. This finding has important implications for agriculture and crop selection.
A new tracking technique using chemical signatures has been validated as an effective alternative to satellite tracking for loggerhead turtles. The method helps identify key feeding areas and migration routes, aiding conservation efforts.
New techniques using ALMA and laboratory technology identify specific molecules in star-forming regions. Scientists can now analyze the unique patterns of wavelengths emitted or absorbed by molecules, enabling studies that were previously impossible.
Researchers identified miR-34a's role in fatty liver disease and Type II diabetes. Blocking miR-34a improved metabolic outcomes, including decreased liver fat and improved blood glucose levels.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have developed a new type of screen display called Tilt Displays, which can physically tilt along multiple axes and move vertically. The device has received positive feedback from users, who found it easy to interact with and associate with new methods of presenting and consuming 3D content.
Archaeologists discovered burnt artefacts in the Molí del Salt site in Tarragona, Spain, dating back to the end of the Upper Palaeolithic Age. The recycling of stone tools was common for domestic activities and linked to expedited behaviour.
Researchers analyze temperatures, shapes, and densities of coronal cavities to understand space weather disruption. By studying these structures, scientists aim to get advance warning on CME eruptions and improve technology protection near Earth.
Scientists tracked bumblebees in a field setting to study how they select optimal routes to collect nectar. After repeated trials, bees refined their paths, using mathematical models to understand their learning process and optimize their routes.
A recent brain study found that rats overeat chocolates due to an opium-like chemical in the brain, leading to increased desire and impulse to consume rewards. This discovery provides insight into human binge-eating tendencies and addiction.
Patients with COPD report fatigue, sleepiness, and impaired quality of life due to poor sleep quality. The study found an association between daytime hypoxemia and sleep efficiency in COPD patients.