At the nanoscale, water flows more like ketchup due to container material properties. Researchers found that hydrophilic materials increase water's effective viscosity, making it harder for molecules to move. This study could redefine fluid dynamics and impact designs of tiny mechanical systems.
A systematic review suggests that small rewards increase the odds of maintaining an active lifestyle in patients with heart disease. The study found that receiving coupons and vouchers can help patients stick to new fitness regimes and continue exercising after a cardiac program.
Researchers found a small group of youths with high and stable psychopathic traits had the most difficult relationships with their parents and reported higher levels of delinquency. Despite this, developmental tracks are not cast in stone and effective therapeutic intervention can change the course of development.
A new NIH study found that bracing significantly reduces the risk of curve progression and the need for surgery in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Wearing a brace for more than 13 hours per day is associated with success rates of 90-93 percent.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have discovered that a chemical commonly used as a dog food preservative, ethoxyquin, may prevent the painful nerve damage found in cancer patients taking chemotherapy drug Taxol. The study shows that adding ethoxyquin to mice prevented two-thirds of nerve degeneration caused by Taxol.
Scientists discover Nu-complexes, a new type of brain activity detected in human and cat comas beyond the flat EEG line. This finding opens up avenues for understanding learning and memory processes during coma and may lead to more effective treatments.
The National Science Foundation has awarded a $50 million grant to create a national cyberinfrastructure for the biological sciences at the University of Arizona. The iPlant Collaborative will provide computational tools and services for analyzing large datasets, advancing understanding of biology beyond individual research groups.
Researchers at the University of Chicago are developing a new therapy for multiple sclerosis using exosomes containing specific microRNAs that promote myelination. The therapy has shown promising results in improving brain health and may also be useful in slowing the degradation of myelin with normal aging.
A new study by Michigan State University scholars highlights the lack of resources for young gay black men who experience trauma, depression, substance abuse, and high-risk sexual behavior. The study found nearly a third of participants reported experiencing sexual assault at an average age of 10, with many experiencing multiple forms ...
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that colonoscopy significantly reduces the risk of developing or dying from colorectal cancer compared to sigmoidoscopy. The comprehensive exam visualizes the entire colon, reducing risk throughout its entirety.
Researchers found that African dust particles more than doubled during a major Saharan dust intrusion in Houston, Texas, raising concerns about health risks for vulnerable populations. The study provides new insights into the impact of Saharan air outbreaks on climate and human health, including potential effects on hurricane activity.
Researchers analyzed Europa's cracks to determine if the moon spun around a tilted axis at some point. The analysis suggests that a small tilt of about one degree occurred in the past, which could explain the orientation of the long cracks. This finding may also affect estimates of Europa's ocean age and heat generation.
A new study reveals dramatic ocean mixing in Drake Passage, crucial for regulating Earth's climate and ocean currents. The research provides detailed information needed to accurately predict long-term climate projections.
NASA's Terra satellite captured an image of Tropical Storm Humberto resembling the letter "A" due to a cloud-free southern quadrant. The storm has maximum sustained winds near 40 mph and is moving north-northwest with possible strengthening in the next 48 hours.
Researchers found that a 3-week radiotherapy course is comparable to the traditional 5-week treatment in terms of tumour control rates. The study also revealed reduced damage to healthy tissue and fewer hospital visits with the shorter treatment schedule.
Researchers created a crystal-like arrangement of ultracold gas molecules that can swap quantum spin properties, potentially simulating or inventing exotic materials. The novel structure was achieved by manipulating the molecules' spins with microwave pulses, creating a 'superposition' of two opposite spins.
Tropical Storm Usagi strengthens with warm sea surface temperatures, moving northwest and passing between Philippines and Taiwan. Forecasters predict Usagi to become a typhoon over the next day.
Scientists at Queen Mary University of London developed a new technique to measure electrical activity in synapses, enabling three-dimensional visualisation of neuronal networks. This breakthrough opens a new window into understanding brain function at the nanometre scale.
New research reveals that Toxoplasma infection can permanently alter brain function in mice, making them fearless of cats. The parasite's effect persists for months even after recovery from flu-like symptoms.
Scientists at Brookhaven National Laboratory have created a high-performing nanocatalyst that transforms impure hydrogen into electricity, addressing challenges of carbon monoxide poisoning. The novel core-shell structure, combining ruthenium and platinum, exhibits perfect atomic ordering and superior performance parameters.
Four new species of 'legless lizards' have been discovered in California, including the silver-bellied A. alexanderae and purple-bellied A. grinnelli, with the first species added to the state's list from one to five. The discoveries highlight the importance of preserving biodiversity and the need for further surveys.
A new study by St. Michael's Hospital finds that milder forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) persist despite the decline in severe cases with combination antiretroviral therapy. Effective screening tests for mild HAND are lacking, affecting up to 50-60% of people living with HIV and AIDS.
Shifting employee bonuses from self to others increases job satisfaction and team sales, according to research published in PLOS ONE. When employees spend bonuses on colleagues, teams perform better, leading to increased earnings as a whole.
Researchers identified key function of CYFP1 at synapses, orchestrating two biological processes to regulate brain cell connections. Poorly developed and dysfunctional synapses are linked to conditions like autism, schizophrenia, and intellectual disabilities.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara develop new algorithm MSP that assembles genomes with extreme efficiency, reducing memory consumption by two-thirds. The new method enables faster and more efficient processing of large genomic datasets, paving the way for smaller, less expensive clusters to assemble large genomes.
A systematic review by CWRU researchers found that parents of chronically ill children experience significant stress due to the added demands of caregiving, including managing medical treatments and school issues. The study suggests that parenting stress can be intervened upon with targeted support and coping strategies.
A study on feathered dinosaurs, including Microraptor, has provided new insight into the evolution of bird flight. The researchers found that high lift coefficient and aerodynamic efficiency are not the only factors determining gliding efficiency.
Chronic Toxoplasma infection causes mice to lose innate fear of cats, which persists even after parasite clearance and inflammation markers are undetectable. The infection alters the brain's mechanisms underlying fear responses, leading to a lasting behavioral change.
Researchers found that all coding and non-coding RNAs originate at the same locations along the human genome. This discovery may help pinpoint genetic origins of complex diseases, which often reside outside coding regions.
Researchers will examine alcohol marketing and its role in early alcohol use among African youth acquiring HIV in Uganda. The project aims to develop communication messages and materials for a counter marketing campaign to reduce the risk of HIV transmission.
A team led by chemist Richard Saykally and theorist David Prendergast has observed contact pairing between guanidinium cations in aqueous solution, governed by water-binding energy. This phenomenon challenges the long-held assumption that like charges repel, suggesting a new understanding of ion interactions in water.
Washington University engineers are studying how stiff or soft brain tissue is using a non-invasive technique. They're creating a model of brain tissue inside a bowl of Jello, which helps them understand how direction affects wave speed and stiffness.
The Cancer Foundation of Northeast Georgia and the South Georgia Medical Center, Pearlman Cancer Center will each receive $8,000 to provide direct support for their organization's work supporting cancer patients. The grants also aim to raise awareness about the financial challenges faced by cancer patients.
A study suggests that shark populations are declining due to commercial fishing, leading to a decrease in herbivorous fish that promote reef health. This has fundamental effects on the structure of food chains and ecosystem resilience.
Researchers developed a new class of imaging agents to visualize tau protein aggregates, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. The use of these fluorescent compounds in PET tests provides valuable information on brain regions at risk for tau-induced neuronal death.
Researchers developed an Awareness Information Net (AIN) model to monitor patient behavior and spot problems, enabling timely intervention by carers, experts, and patients. The collaborative approach has the potential to raise awareness of schizophrenia in society, helping others cope with its consequences.
A study published in Evolution & Human Behavior suggests that parents and children's mate preferences conflict due to an evolutionary struggle for resources. This conflict arises when parents distribute resources unevenly among their children, leading them to prioritize a partner who offers less support.
The new guidelines provide standardized guidance and educate staff and volunteers on the principles of infection prevention to reduce the risk of infection for children and families in pediatric residential settings. The guidelines include practices such as standard precautions, health screening, and mandatory vaccination practices.
Mayo Clinic researchers have discovered a genetic mutation that alters lipid metabolism in Parkinson's patients, leading to higher levels of ceramides and glucosylceramides in the blood. This biomarker is associated with severe cognitive impairment and dementia in Parkinson's disease.
The UK's sleep disorder services are severely lacking, with high rates of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in certain regions going undiagnosed and untreated. Despite the rising demand due to an aging population, many areas have limited access to specialized care, leading to a concerning mismatch between need and supply.
Researchers at Sam Houston State University are investigating new methods to preserve tissue samples and speed up the DNA identification process after mass disasters. The goal is to improve DNA preservation and processing, enabling faster victim identification and closure for families.
Research finds that fine motor control skills continue to develop until adolescence, contradicting previous beliefs. The study uses a new tool to measure fine motor control and demonstrates its applicability in children as old as 16 years.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara discovered that female common market squid possess two distinct systems for reflecting light: Bragg reflection and Mie scattering. These systems allow the squid to switch between transparent and white colors, with the latter appearing as a result of condensation and dehydration of reflectins-based proteins.
A new study reveals that patients placed in Contact Precautions were twice as likely to report perceived problems with care compared to those without. The common infection control practice was found to create a negative perception of care, affecting patient satisfaction.
A multi-centre clinical trial has shown that decompression surgery is effective in treating cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), a degenerative disease that can lead to paralysis. The study found significant recovery in patients with mild, moderate and severe CSM, with improvements in functional, disability and quality of life measures.
A recent study of hundreds of soil samples from Rhode Island found that surface lead concentrations do not always accurately reflect contamination at depths below the soil surface. The research highlights the need for more comprehensive sampling methods to ensure public safety, particularly in areas with legacy lead-painted water towers.
Researchers found that vitamin B supplements lowered stroke risk in all studies, with some benefit even when taking folic acid. However, the severity of strokes and risk of death from stroke were not affected by supplement use.
A genomic test developed by researchers at Duke University Medical Center shows over 90% accuracy in distinguishing between viral and bacterial infections. The test detects a specific genetic signature expressed by the immune system in response to viruses, providing a potential new method for diagnosing infectious diseases.
A Harvard School of Public Health study found a strong link between surgical readmission rates and hospital quality care. Hospitals with better performance on measures like surgical volume and mortality rates had significantly lower readmission rates.
A new study estimates that over 43 million people are injured annually due to unsafe medical care, resulting in nearly 23 million years of lost healthy life. The study found that premature death is a major driver of healthcare-related DALYs (disability-adjusted life years) lost.
A recent study found that adding avocado to meals may help reduce hunger and improve insulin response in healthy overweight adults. The research suggests potential weight management benefits, offering promising clues for future studies.
Sherri Graves Smith, a cancer survivor and volunteer, will receive the 2013 Survivor Circle Award from ASTRO. She has dedicated her time and energy to helping others in her community, providing financial assistance and support to cancer patients struggling with daily living essentials.
Researchers at the Smithsonian found that e-readers can improve reading speed and comprehension for individuals with dyslexia by displaying short lines of text. This is particularly beneficial for those with visual attention deficits, who struggle to focus on letters within words or words within lines of text.
A collaborative approach to information sharing on violence in Cardiff has saved £7 million in health, societal, and criminal justice costs. The programme uses anonymized data to create crime hotspot maps, targeting prevention activities more precisely.
Recent studies examine sea-level change offshore New Jersey, the geological processes of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, and post-subduction magmatism in northern California. These articles provide new insights into the geological history of these regions and their ongoing tectonic activity.
The University of Nevada, Las Vegas (UNLV) has received a $20.3 million grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to lead a health research network across 13 universities in the Mountain West. The Clinical Translational Research Infrastructure Network (CTR-IN) aims to improve research capacity and address regional health conce...
Researchers at King's College London have discovered a new gene called MX2 that may prevent HIV from spreading after it enters the body. The study found that expressing the MX2 gene can inhibit HIV replication and replication.
Researchers collected water samples up to six kilometres below the surface of the Southern Ocean, finding that physical transport in the ocean on currents shapes microbial communities. The study shows that communities connected by ocean currents are more similar to each other, regardless of distance.
The National Cancer Institute has awarded a five-year, $11.3 million competitive grant renewal to Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center to lead the Pacific Northwest Prostate Cancer SPORE consortium. The consortium aims to unravel molecular mechanisms and develop precision-medicine approaches for prostate cancer treatment.
A European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer trial found that adjuvant radiotherapy after local excision reduced the incidence of local recurrences by a factor of two, resulting in an overall lower risk of mastectomy. The study highlights the importance of conducting long-term follow-up.