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Science News Archive 2013 - Page 192


Page 192 of 352

Study finds the sweet spot -- and the screw-ups -- that make or break environmental collective actions

A study by Michigan State University found that there is a sweet spot – a group size at which the action is most effective. This sweet spot can increase and be more effective until free-riders weigh down the effort's momentum, while small groups can be powerful until individuals become overwhelmed.

SourceMichigan State University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 17, 2013

Safety review of bone growth product ushers in new era of data sharing

A Yale project has made all of Medtronic's clinical trial research data for a bone growth product available for independent reanalysis. The project, known as the Yale University Open Data Access Project (YODA), aims to address the problem of unpublished and selectively published clinical evidence.

SourceYale University·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·DateJun 17, 2013
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Sibling aggression, often dismissed, linked to poor mental health

A new study from the University of New Hampshire finds that sibling aggression is associated with significantly worse mental health in children and adolescents. The study analyzed data from a national sample of 3,599 children and found that even mild instances of sibling aggression can lead to increased mental health distress.

SourceUniversity of New Hampshire·JournalPEDIATRICS·DateJun 17, 2013

Preventing eggs' death from chemotherapy

Researchers at Northwestern University have found a molecular pathway that prevents the death of immature ovarian eggs due to chemotherapy, potentially preserving fertility and endocrine function. Adding a specific chemotherapy drug combination may protect young women's reproductive health during cancer treatment.

SourceNorthwestern University·DateJun 17, 2013
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Bariatric surgery restores nerve cell properties altered by diet

Researchers at Penn State College of Medicine have found that bariatric surgery restores nerve cell properties altered by diet, allowing patients to better regulate digestion. The study may lead to new treatments that mimic the effects of gastric bypass without surgery.

SourcePenn State·JournalThe Journal of Physiology·DateJun 17, 2013

Exposure to BPA in developing prostate increases risk of later cancer

A new study by University of Illinois Chicago researcher Gail Prins found that early exposure to BPA in the developing prostate increases the risk of later prostate cancer. Prostate stem cells become sensitized to estrogen through BPA exposure, making them more susceptible to cancer development.

SourceUniversity of Illinois Chicago·DateJun 17, 2013

Observation is safe, cost-saving in low-risk prostate cancer

A study by Dana-Farber Cancer Institute researchers found that active surveillance and watchful waiting are safe alternatives to initial treatment for men with low-risk prostate cancers. These strategies can lead to better quality of life and reduced healthcare costs, with some patients experiencing up to 13 months additional quality-a...

SourceDana-Farber Cancer Institute·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·DateJun 17, 2013
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

New 'embryonic' subduction zone found

A new subduction zone has been detected off the coast of Portugal, marking the beginning of a cycle that will close the Atlantic Ocean. The Iberian subduction zone will pull Iberia towards the United States over approximately 220 million years.

SourceMonash University·JournalGeology·DateJun 17, 2013

Study examines Hispanic youth exposure to food, beverage TV ads

Hispanic preschoolers and adolescents viewed a high number of food and beverage ads on TV, with fast-food promotions prevalent on Spanish-language channels. The study highlights the need for continued monitoring of food marketing to Hispanic youth due to their higher obesity rates.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·DateJun 17, 2013

Investigational drug improves sleep disorder among the blind

A study found that patients taking tasimelteon had a significantly higher rate of re-synchronization of their body clock, leading to improved night-time sleep and reduced daytime drowsiness. The medication addresses the root cause of Non-24 Hour Sleep-Wake Disorder in blind individuals by synchronizing their circadian clock.

SourceThe Endocrine Society·DateJun 17, 2013

Pyrocumulus cloud billows from New Mexico fire

Pyrocumulus clouds formed above a New Mexico wildfire, demonstrating their unique characteristics in satellite images. The Silver fire's pyrocumulus cloud reached altitudes of 10-11 kilometers and temperatures up to -45°C.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·DateJun 17, 2013

Mapping a room in a snap

A team from EPFL has developed a computer algorithm that can create a 3D model of a simple room based on sound picked up by four microphones. The algorithm uses the differences in signal time to calculate distances between microphones, walls, and the sound source.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 17, 2013
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Variants in the SIM1 gene are associated with severe obesity

Two independent studies identified SIM1 mutations in obese patients, revealing a strong link between SIM1 dysfunction and severe obesity. Reduced SIM1 function was associated with increased food intake, altered nervous system dysfunctions, and Prader-Willi-like features.

SourceJCI Journals·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·DateJun 17, 2013

Printing artificial bone

Researchers at MIT develop approach to print synthetic materials with fracture behavior similar to natural bone, using computer-optimized designs and 3-D printing. The new material exhibits a fracture resistance of up to 22 times larger than its strongest constituent material.

SourceMassachusetts Institute of Technology·JournalAdvanced Functional Materials·DateJun 17, 2013

Study details age disparities in HIV continuum of care

A study reveals significant age disparities in HIV continuum of care, with people under 45 years less likely to be aware of their infection or have a suppressed viral load. Early diagnosis and prompt care are crucial for reducing morbidity and mortality, but many patients face barriers to access treatment.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Internal Medicine·DateJun 17, 2013

Illinois-Intel partnership leads to prototype for debugging innovations

Researchers from the University of Illinois Grainger College of Engineering have developed a new process called QuickRec, which allows steps in a process to be retraced to learn where bugs occurred. This prototype is a multicore record and replay system for multithreaded programs, enabling secure and efficient debugging.

SourceUniversity of Illinois Grainger College of Engineering·DateJun 17, 2013
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

When retailers strike out twice

Researchers found that customers may desire both revenge and reconciliation after a double service failure, depending on perceived firm motives. Effective ways to reduce negative customer response include explanations of the failure and apologies paired with compensation.

SourceWashington State University·JournalJournal of Retailing·DateJun 17, 2013

Community-based programs may help prevent childhood obesity

Researchers at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health conclude that community-based approaches are crucial in preventing childhood obesity. The study found that comprehensive interventions incorporating schools and focusing on both diet and physical activity are more effective in preventing obesity in children.

SourceJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health·JournalPEDIATRICS·DateJun 17, 2013

Study identifies protein essential for normal heart function

A study by UCSD researchers reveals that MCL-1 promotes normal heart function, but its absence leads to rapid heart failure and cell death. The protein's role in cancer treatment and potential cardiac toxicity are also explored.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalGenes & Development·DateJun 17, 2013
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Is there an invisible tug-of-war behind bad hearts and power outages?

Scientists from Princeton University and Germany's Max Planck Institute report first experimental evidence of chimera states occurring naturally in a broad range of circumstances. The phenomenon can strike any process that relies on self-emergent synchronization, including clock pendulums, lightning bugs, and heart cells.

SourcePrinceton University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 17, 2013

Throwing the bum out: When should scandal-hit politicians stage a come back?

A new study in Social Science Quarterly finds that scandal-hit politicians typically don't regain their pre-scandal predicted margins of victory until four to six years after the event. Voter turnout increases following a scandal, but is linked to voters wanting to 'kick the bum out', rather than supporting the incumbent.

SourceWiley·JournalSocial Science Quarterly·DateJun 17, 2013

Scouring the genome of adenoid cystic carcinoma

Researchers identified a genetic translocation that can precipitate disease in adenoid cystic carcinoma, with many disease-associated mutations occurring in genes modifying DNA. Identifying individual mutations will aid in the development of personalized therapy, according to accompanying commentary.

SourceJCI Journals·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·DateJun 17, 2013
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Annals of Internal Medicine tip sheet for June 18, 2013

Two independent reviews of rhBMP-2 trial data found no significant benefits and potential increased risks of cancer associated with its use. The studies suggest that patients should be counseled on the relative benefits and harms of each option, as the role of rhBMP-2 in spinal surgery is still being defined.

SourceAmerican College of Physicians·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·DateJun 17, 2013

Poor eating behaviors may put preschoolers at risk for later health problems

A new study by Dr. Nav Persaud found a significant association between poor eating habits in kids ages three to five and their levels of non-HDL cholesterol, putting them at risk for cardiovascular disease later in life. Parents who allowed their children to snack on junk food and eat while watching TV were more likely to have this risk.

SourceSt. Michael's Hospital·JournalCanadian Medical Association Journal·DateJun 17, 2013
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

Missing enzyme linked to drug addiction

Researchers identified a key brain enzyme, prohormone convertase 2 (PC2), involved in opioid addiction. PC2 regulates endogenous opioids in the brain, leading to increased mu opioid receptor expression.

SourceThe Endocrine Society·DateJun 17, 2013

CNIC researchers find a possible treatment for one of the main symptoms of premature aging disease

CNIC researchers have identified a possible treatment to block the deposition of calcium in arterial walls, a key symptom of premature aging disease. Chronic treatment with pyrophosphate inhibits calcium deposition, which is accelerated in mice with Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome.

SourceCentro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (F.S.P.)·JournalCirculation·DateJun 17, 2013

Timeline reforms increase initiation speed of NCI sponsored clinical trials

The study found that the median time to activation of phase 1-2 trials decreased from 541 to 442 days, and for phase 3 trials from 727 to 395 days. The reforms led to faster initiation of NCI-sponsored trials, ultimately benefiting patients in need of new treatments for cancer.

SourceJournal of the National Cancer Institute·JournalJNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute·DateJun 17, 2013

Multidisciplinary initiative reduces airway infection in pediatric intensive care patients

A multidisciplinary approach combining preventive measures and regular monitoring significantly reduced ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) infections in pediatric intensive care patients. The initiative, implemented at Nationwide Children's Hospital, resulted in a 53% drop in VAT cases compared to pre-intervention rates.

SourceNationwide Children's Hospital·JournalPediatric Critical Care Medicine·DateJun 17, 2013
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Voices may not trigger brain's reward centers in children with autism, Stanford/Packard study shows

A Stanford University School of Medicine study found that brain regions tailored to respond to voices are poorly connected to reward-processing circuits in children with high-functioning autism. This weakness may impede their ability to experience speech as pleasurable, contributing to communication deficits.

SourceStanford Medicine·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 17, 2013

Study of dietary intervention examines proteins in brain

A study found that diet high in saturated fat increased LD αβ levels, while diet low in saturated fat decreased these fractions. The study suggests that lipidation states of apolipoproteins and amyloid peptides may play a role in AD pathological processes.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Neurology·DateJun 17, 2013

High-frequency trading tactic lowers investor profits

Researchers found that latency arbitrage, a common high-frequency trading practice, diminishes profits collectively for both regular investors and high-frequency traders in fragmented markets. They recommend regulatory changes to move to discrete trading, which would lead to more efficient trades and eliminate the latency arms race.

SourceUniversity of Michigan·DateJun 17, 2013

1 step closer to a vaccine for a common respiratory disease

Researchers at University of Helsinki and ETH Zurich have solved the three-dimensional structure of RSV, a common cause of respiratory infection. The structural model provides valuable information for intelligent vaccine design, targeting the virus's fusion protein and matrix protein.

SourceUniversity of Helsinki·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 17, 2013
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Making a case for transparent corporate accounting information

A new study by Prof. Yaniv Konchitchki finds that greater transparency in firms' earnings has a positive effect on the bottom line. The study establishes that transparency of a firm's accounting earnings is a telling indicator of the company's cost of capital and thus its valuation.

SourceUniversity of California - Berkeley Haas School of Business·JournalJournal of Accounting and Economics·DateJun 17, 2013

Eating more red meat associated with increased risk of Type 2 diabetes

A large-scale study published in JAMA Internal Medicine found that consuming more red meat over time increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes. The research followed over 149,000 participants and documented a 48% elevated risk for those who increased their red meat intake by more than 0.50 servings per day.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Internal Medicine·DateJun 17, 2013
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Infections increase risk of mood disorders

A study of over 3 million Danes found that those admitted to hospital with an infection prior to a mood disorder diagnosis had a 62% increased risk of developing the condition. The immune system's impact on brain function may play a role in this connection.

SourceAarhus University·JournalJAMA Psychiatry·DateJun 17, 2013
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Mayo Clinic: Rotavirus vaccine given to newborns in Africa is effective

Researchers have developed a vaccine that provides at least 60 percent protection against rotavirus in newborns, significantly reducing severe dehydration and hospitalizations. The study, published in the Journal of Infectious Diseases, suggests that early administration of the vaccine could save thousands of lives annually.

SourceMayo Clinic·JournalThe Journal of Infectious Diseases·DateJun 17, 2013

Eating behaviors of preschoolers may be related to future risk of heart disease

A study of 1076 preschool children aged 3-5 years found associations between unhealthy eating behaviors and serum non-HDL cholesterol levels, indicating a potential early link to cardiovascular disease. The research suggests that promoting responsive feeding and healthy eating habits may help reduce the risk.

SourceCanadian Medical Association Journal·JournalCanadian Medical Association Journal·DateJun 17, 2013

Pesticides significantly reduce biodiversity in aquatic environments

Research reveals pesticides are responsible for reducing regional biodiversity of invertebrates in streams and rivers by up to 42 percent. The study's findings highlight the urgent need for new concepts linking ecology with ecotoxicology to protect aquatic ecosystems.

SourceHelmholtz Association·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateJun 17, 2013

Research examines how technology can break down barriers

A pilot study explores using iPad technology to facilitate remote interpreting for deaf and hard-of-hearing college students. The research found that this technology can enhance student engagement in co-op experiences, but challenges arise from connectivity issues.

SourceUniversity of Cincinnati·DateJun 17, 2013
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.