University of Pittsburgh researchers design a family of ultra-porous materials with potential applications in drug delivery, gas storage, and industrial separations. The materials' high porosity could enable more efficient pharmaceutical delivery into the human body and lower-cost industrial separations.
A large study found that moderate drinking during pregnancy does not seem to affect a child's ability to balance. However, social advantage may be a factor, as more affluent and educated mothers tend to drink more. Better static balance was associated with greater levels of affluence and educational attainment.
Researchers from NYSCF and Columbia University have generated patient-specific beta cells using skin cells from MODY patients. These cells accurately reflect the features of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and can be used to develop new therapies for the disease. The study's findings demonstrate a critical proof-of-principl...
A new study published in the American Heart Association journal Circulation found that elderly patients can benefit from implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) just like younger individuals. The study of 5,399 patients revealed that older patients were as likely to experience life-threatening electrical shocks but had higher ra...
International Economics is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes original research papers on various topics in international economics. The journal is dedicated to advancing our understanding of global economic relationships and the world economy.
Researchers will develop tools to leverage cancer genomics data, enabling clinically useful predictions and comparisons between algorithms. The Biomedical Evidence Graph (BMEG) database will store interpretive information derived from raw sequence data.
Researchers treated wild mice for a gut worm infection and found that treating one bug allowed other infections to flourish. The study suggests that co-existing infections can compete with each other and alter disease progression.
Researchers at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) have developed a novel method to synthesize hierarchically nanoporous frameworks of nanocrystalline metal oxides for CO2 adsorption. The material exhibits exceptionally high CO2 adsorption capacity, offering a potential solution to environmental pollution.
A new anti-tuberculosis compound has shown powerful activity against ordinary active TB bacteria, non-replicating TB bacteria, and extensively drug-resistant strains. The compound works in two different ways, targeting TB replication and dormancy, and shows no toxicity or adverse side effects.
Researchers have found antibodies against the human papillomavirus (HPV) that may help predict individuals at risk of HPV-related oropharyngeal cancer. The study found that these antibodies were detectable in nearly 35% of patients with cancer, compared to less than 1% of those without cancer.
A new study by researchers from IIASA and CICERO estimates that personal travel impacts the climate, with air travel having the biggest impact per distance traveled. The study suggests that choosing trains, buses, or carpooling can significantly reduce an individual's carbon footprint.
A new drug called pyrvinium pamoate inhibits aggressive prostate cancer resistant to standard drugs by binding to a different site on the AR and inhibiting its activity without preventing androgen binding. This unique mechanism of action has the potential to treat cancers resistant to currently approved therapies.
Researchers found that an antibiotic can trigger its own production, increasing levels by dramatically. This breakthrough could enable faster and more cost-effective production of antibiotics.
Research suggests that people attribute more mind to entities perceived as targets of harm, including robots and corpses. This finding implies that moral intuitions lead to subjective perceptions of minds, which can influence decision-making on contentious issues like animal rights and end-of-life decisions.
Harvard researchers have identified the SALL4 gene as a key player in tumor formation, and have demonstrated that blocking its activity can halt cancer growth. The study provides new hope for treating aggressive forms of leukemia and other cancers.
A team of researchers from the University of Sheffield found that unusual atmospheric jet stream circulation caused the exceptional surface melt of the Greenland Ice Sheet in summer 2012. The analysis revealed a record surface melt extent of over 90%, far exceeding the previous record of 52% in 2010.
A study by McGill University researchers found that blocking the activity of a specific receptor can reverse memory pathology and improve cerebrovascular function in mice with advanced Alzheimer's disease. The treatment also reduced toxic amyloid-beta peptide levels, which contribute to neuronal and vascular dysfunction.
A tropical depression formed in the western Caribbean Sea on June 17, with maximum sustained winds near 35 mph. The center of the depression will move inland over southern Belize before potentially emerging into the Bay of Campeche, where it could strengthen into Tropical Storm Barry.
Researchers found that vitamin D deficiency is linked to early onset of puberty in girls, with 44% having severe deficiencies. Vitamin D supplementation may help delay pubertal onset and progression.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a computational method to tailor the properties of zeolites, a crucial step in producing industrial minerals. The method uses organic structure directing agents (OSDAs) to guide the growth of zeolite crystals and can potentially produce new types of zeolites.
A new study found a link between fetal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and lower levels of insulin-like peptide 3, a key testicular hormone. This could be a co-factor in the development of cryptorchidism, a common birth defect in boys.
A recent study found that the presence of spiders drives up the rate of carbon uptake by plants, while also changing their storage patterns. This effect is linked to the predator-prey relationship between grasshoppers and spiders, highlighting the vital role of predators in regulating the carbon cycle.
A study of over 13,800 children found that those who gained 40% of their birthweight in the first four weeks had a 1.5-point higher IQ by age six compared to those who gained less weight. This suggests a link between rapid brain growth and higher cognitive abilities.
A clinical study found that kisspeptin effectively induces egg maturation in women undergoing IVF treatment, reducing the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. The hormone triggers natural reproductive hormone release, resulting in healthy babies.
Researchers tracked 80 commercial honey bee colonies over 10 months and found that those with queens who had mated at least seven times were 2.86 times more likely to survive. This suggests that genetic diversity is crucial for the survival of honey bee colonies.
The 'cheetah-cub robot' boasts excellent auto-stabilization characteristics and can run nearly seven times its body length in one second. Its design is based on the meticulous observation of feline leg morphology, featuring springs to reproduce tendons and actuators to replace muscles.
A new study finds desiccated thyroid extract (DTE) to be a safe and effective alternative to standard T4 therapy for hypothyroid patients. DTE caused modest weight loss and nearly half of the study patients preferred it over L-T4.
Saint Louis University researchers developed a technology that can detect new, previously unknown viruses using transcriptome subtraction. The approach eliminates the need for lab-grown tissues or prior knowledge of a virus's origin.
Researchers found gastrointestinal and liver-related GVHD increases risk of death in patients with chronic GVHD. Elevated bilirubin levels, higher gastrointestinal scores, and lower gastrointestinal involvement are associated with increased mortality rates.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University found that mannitol prevents clumps of α-synuclein protein from forming in the brain, a process characteristic of Parkinson's disease. Mannitol has been shown to reduce aggregates of α-synuclein in genetically-altered flies and mice.
A new Case Western Reserve University study reveals that children exposed to domestic violence between ages 3-5 are more likely to exhibit aggressive behavior in school. The research found no behavioral differences among these children until they reached school age.
A recent study published by The Laryngoscope journal found that obesity is associated with sensorineural hearing loss across all frequencies in adolescents, with almost twice the likelihood of unilateral low-frequency hearing loss compared to non-obese teens.
The development of mobile-presence medical devices can help fill the void of limited healthcare infrastructure and access to medical professionals in remote locations. Pilot tests have successfully connected obstetricians with pregnant women in Bolivia, enabling real-time monitoring and diagnostic imaging.
A new study suggests that aspirin slows the accumulation of DNA mutations in abnormal cells in Barrett's esophagus, a pre-cancerous condition. This finding implies that aspirin may exert cancer-preventing effects by lowering mutation rates.
Researchers found that medical specialists can identify abnormality in breast and cervical cancer images with high accuracy, outperforming random guessing. However, localizing the issue proves challenging even for experts.
A new study has found that the directed in vitro technique, ICSI, may increase the risk of insulin resistance among children. The study used metabolomics to assess the risk of developing obesity and metabolic syndrome, finding significant differences in 38 metabolites between ICSI and non-ICSI conceived children.
Researchers identified a genetic translocation that can precipitate disease in adenoid cystic carcinoma patients. They also found that variants in the SIM1 gene are associated with severe obesity, while vitamin B3 blocks cyst formation in a mouse model of polycystic kidney disease.
The proposed system, ALFs, uses augmented reality glasses and cell phone symbols to enable immediate and private feedback from students to professors. The system aims to overcome timidity and fear of speaking in class, allowing for more effective lecture classes.
Researchers found that trained Transportation Security Administration (TSA) screening officers were slower than undergraduate students but more accurate in identifying T-shaped arrangements on computer screens. Consistent search patterns freed up brain processing, improving performance.
A study found that combining metformin and liraglutide results in greater weight loss and improvements in body mass index and waist circumference for women with polycystic ovary syndrome. This combination therapy also leads to higher chances of conception, improved pregnancy outcomes and improved metabolic profile.
A study found that exposure to triclocarban during lactation in rats can affect the early development of their offspring. The researchers found that pups exposed to triclocarban were significantly lighter and had a lower survival rate compared to those not exposed.
Coral reefs experience reduced calcification rates due to ocean acidification, making them more vulnerable to erosion and disruption. Corals are unable to fully acclimate to low pH conditions in nature.
Geochemists at Brown University have discovered noble gases can dissolve in amphibole minerals, providing a potential mechanism for their recycling between the atmosphere and Earth's interior. This finding is significant as it sheds light on how other volatiles like water and carbon are cycled.
Researchers at Indiana University have developed a five-sided macrocycle called cyanostar, which can bind large negatively charged ions. The molecule has unprecedented properties, including the ability to form dialkylphosphate rotaxanes and demonstrate applications in environmental remediation and lithium ion battery processes.
Researchers at the University of Exeter Medical School have diagnosed a rare condition, MDP Syndrome, in Paralympic hopeful Tom Staniford through genetic sequencing. The discovery may help Tom's bid to participate in the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games and improve understanding of type 2 diabetes.
A global cooling event, similar to recent global warming, occurred 116 million years ago, causing a marine ecosystem crisis and reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. This study highlights the link between global climate and internal earth processes, demonstrating that large-scale changes can have severe consequences for marine life.
A new drug has been found to increase the amount of energy burned by fat tissue, leading to significant weight loss and improved metabolic health. The drug, GC-1, mimics the activity of thyroid hormone and has been shown to promote thermogenesis in white adipose tissue.
A new animal study finds that short-term use of antidepressants, combined with stress and a high-fat diet, leads to long-term increases in body weight. The study suggests that the medication, rather than the diet alone, contributes to the weight gain, which is accompanied by increased bone and spleen weights.
Two papers reveal key domains of the MECP2 protein responsible for Rett Syndrome, including a methyl binding domain and an NCoR/SMRT Interaction Domain. Understanding these domains is crucial for developing effective treatments.
A new Ohio University study reveals that male mice fed a high-fat diet and becoming obese are more likely to father offspring with similar higher levels of body fat. The study suggests epigenetic factors may be responsible for these inherited traits.
A University of Toronto study found that peer-based prevention programs for female sex workers in India reduced rates of syphilis, HIV, and other STIs. These programs provided condoms and treated STIs, resulting in a 40% decrease in HIV and a 70% decrease in syphilis among pregnant women.
A recent study describes a patient with MERS-CoV who died in Munich, revealing the virus replicates in kidneys and circulates differently than SARS. The findings suggest critical implications for diagnosis and infection control, highlighting the need for more genetic data on the new virus.
Researchers describe 'chase and run' cell movement mechanism that explains process of metastasis. Cancer cells recruit healthy cells using small chemical molecules, promoting directional collective migration.
A clinical study found that insulin resistance is associated with weakened bones and a higher risk of bone fractures. The study, presented at The Endocrine Society's annual meeting, showed that bone strength decreased by 10-14% for every doubling of insulin resistance.
A clinical study found that high-dose testosterone significantly improves sexual function among women who have had their uterus and ovaries removed. Women receiving 25mg of testosterone experienced improved blood concentrations of free testosterone, related to increased sexual encounters.
A new study has found that skipping breakfast can lead to acute insulin resistance in overweight women, a condition that increases the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. After just one day of skipping breakfast, insulin levels were significantly higher and glucose levels more elevated than after eating breakfast.
A team at Arizona State University has identified thousands of RNA sequences, known as Translation Enhancing Elements (TEEs), which initiate cap-independent translation in the human genome. These findings have significant implications for understanding protein synthesis and may hold potential for biomedical applications.
A new study in mice found that fathers' diets before conception impact their offspring's body weight and fat content. Male offspring of paternal mice with diet-induced obesity had higher body weight and increased body fat compared to control mice.
A new study suggests that vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the increased allergy and asthma risk in overweight and obese adolescents. Researchers found significant correlations between the severity of obesity, adipokine levels, and biochemical measures of allergic disease.
A new clinical trial shows that whole body vibration therapy increases bone-mineral density and muscle mass in adolescents with cerebral palsy, allowing for improved walking ability and overall health. The therapy significantly enhances leg and spine bone-mineral density, while also increasing muscle mass in the legs.