Researchers from Fox Chase Cancer Center have identified two potential biomarkers that may help identify patients with head and neck cancer whose tumors are unlikely to respond to treatment by the targeted therapy cetuximab. These biomarkers, PTEN loss and PIK3CA mutation, were found in a subset of tumor samples and showed promise in i...
A new study from the University of California - San Francisco found that African-American and Latino children are increasing their consumption of 100 percent fruit juice, which often has just as much sugar as soda. The study suggests that parents need more education on healthy beverages to replace sugary drinks with water or milk.
A University of Pittsburgh study found that hackers can identify over 60% of a target's private friends through the mutual-friends feature on Facebook. This can lead to inferring personal information, such as political affiliations or embarrassing details.
Researchers have developed a new agent that targets the NS5B replicase protein, disabling HCV replication and evading resistance. The aptamers inhibited diverse genotypes of HCV without causing toxicity or immune response.
Researchers have found rounded pebbles on Mars that indicate flowing water, with sizes between 4-40mm. The findings suggest a prolonged warm period with flowing streams and a denser atmosphere, potentially making Mars habitable for microbial life.
A cohort study published in JNCI found a statistically significant elevated standardized incidence ratio for primary liver cancer among workers exposed to trichloroethylene. However, no significant risk was observed for kidney cancer or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The authors suggest that further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Researchers discovered that nearly two-thirds of solid tumors have genetic mutations that can be targeted by existing compounds. This finding suggests that routine tumor sequencing may become a standard practice in cancer treatment, enabling doctors to personalize treatment regimens for patients.
A Purdue University-led team has mapped the location and development of mass concentrations, or mascons, on the lunar surface, resolving a decades-long mystery. The findings provide valuable insights into the moon's origin and evolution and will aid in navigating future lunar missions.
The GRACE study found that access to treatment was the most positive factor for patient enrollment, while difficulties in adherence included being a primary caregiver and transportation issues Women of color reported feeling differently about their health after participating in the trial
Patients with advanced kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis are at high risk of heart attacks due to uremic toxins. New research identifies oral adsorbent AST-120 as a potential treatment to delay kidney disease progression and prevent future heart attacks.
A team of scientists from NASA's Curiosity rover mission has discovered ancient rounded pebbles on the Martian surface, formed only by water transport. This finding supports the prospect that Mars could have hosted life in the past.
The report shows that over half the global population suffers from untreated tooth decay or cavities, with severe periodontitis and caries on the rise. The study reveals a significant increase in oral conditions globally between 1990 and 2010, primarily due to population growth and ageing.
Researchers found that animals used to rich conditions work less hard when conditions suddenly worsen compared to those exposed to poor conditions all along. The 'contrast effect' affects how animals respond to their current situation and is driven by uncertainty.
The Esther B. O'Keeffe Charitable Foundation has donated $250,000 to The Scripps Research Institute to fund neuroscience training programs and public outreach initiatives. This gift will support the training of next-generation neuroscientists and raise community awareness of brain diseases.
A novel approach to create human red blood cells and platelets in vitro has been identified by researchers at Boston University School of Medicine. This finding could potentially reduce the need for blood donations, speed up research on therapies to treat diseases such as sickle cell disease.
Scientists identify five epigenetic biomarkers associated with better weight loss response in obese adolescents participating in the EVASYON weight loss program. These biomarkers may help predict an individual's response to weight loss intervention and offer therapeutic targets for enhancing its effects.
A three-year study published in The Journal of Urology finds that tibial nerve stimulation significantly improves symptoms of overactive bladder. Participants experienced a nearly 30% decrease in daytime trips to the bathroom and almost 40% fewer nighttime trips.
Two studies found that fatigue affects strike-zone judgment in MLB players and can predict their career longevity. A significant relationship was also discovered between a player's sleepiness score on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and their likelihood of remaining in the league three seasons later.
A new Columbia University nursing study found that women have significantly lower odds of contracting bloodstream or surgical site infections compared to men. The study also showed that the difference in infection rates was less pronounced among younger children and older adults.
John Hawley and Steven Balbus were recognized for their discovery that magnetic fields make accretion disks unstable, solving a fundamental problem in astrophysics. Their work transformed the field of accretion disk theory and earned them the $1 million Shaw Prize award.
A major study found that double dose oseltamivir does not improve outcomes in patients with severe influenza, contradicting previous suggestions. The results have significant implications for pandemic preparedness and drug stockpiling.
Researchers found that children who appear to succeed socially may be failing biologically due to chronic stress. Those with high self-esteem and academic success show elevated levels of stress hormones, blood pressure, and BMI, increasing risk for chronic diseases.
A new study found that one night of sleep deprivation increases men's perceptions of both women's interest in and intent to have sex. Sleep-deprived men rated women as having higher sexual intent and interest than well-rested men, reversing the initial perception gap.
Researchers studied an extinct South African reptile, Eunotosaurus, to understand the evolution of the turtle shell. The findings revealed that the shell is made up of approximately 50 bones and was gradually modified over millions of years.
A New York City program successfully located 689 out of 797 HIV-positive patients who were presumed lost to follow-up, with 77% of these patients accepting appointments at an HIV clinic and 57% returning to treatment. The effort aimed to re-engage patients in care and identify new cases of HIV infection among their sexual partners.
A study by scientists from the University of California, Davis predicts that 82 percent of California native fish will become extinct within the next century due to climate change. The research found that native freshwater species are particularly vulnerable to extinction, while non-native species are expected to thrive.
Researchers at Indiana University found that a simple pedometer program increased physical activity and decreased sitting time among participants. The study showed significant improvements in weight loss and overall health.
A recent study by Penn State criminologists reveals that young people are disproportionately targeted in sexual assaults. The researchers found that females aged 15 are nine times more likely to be raped than 35-year-old females, and males aged 15 are also at high risk.
Researchers at the University of Iowa found that pigeons can learn and solve complex string tasks using computerized touch screens. The birds demonstrated accuracy rates of up to 90% in solving various string configurations.
The HS3 mission will explore tropical cyclones of Cape Verde origins, including Hurricane Nadine in 2012. Researchers hope to obtain a more complete data set to better understand hurricane formation and intensity changes.
A randomized clinical trial found that higher-dose radiotherapy did not improve overall survival in patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. The study suggested that a standard dose of 60Gy is superior to 74Gy, and that adaptive radiotherapy may be more effective.
Researchers harness advanced atomic force microscopy to track nanomedicine effects on patients, revealing potential benefits in drug delivery and safety. The technique helps identify nanoparticle accumulation and tissue stiffness, offering insights into nanotoxicology and its impact on patient health.
A study by Connie Svob and Norman Brown found that people are more likely to remember transitional moments from their life stories, such as promotions or pets. The researchers identified distinct elements or life markers that separated the two groups of participants, suggesting a positive predisposition to detect and remember change.
Researchers have successfully re-created the long-lost colors of treasured ivory carvings from ancient Phoenicia, using a non-destructive testing technology. The findings shed new light on the artistic techniques used by Phoenician craftsmen and could be applied to other valuable objects, such as the Elgin Marbles.
A new study concludes that nuclear power has prevented about 1.84 million air pollution-related deaths and released 64 billion tons of greenhouse gases since 1971. By mid-century, nuclear power could prevent up to 7 million additional deaths and 240 billion tons of emissions.
A study analyzed 167 children with sports-related facial fractures, finding nasal fractures accounted for 40%, followed by eye fractures at 34%. The data may aid in efforts to prevent facial fractures in young athletes through proper supervision and face protective equipment.
Researchers found that reducing ataxin-1 protein levels by 20% can significantly delay onset of spinocerebellar ataxia 1 (SCA1) symptoms. A molecular pathway modulated to reduce toxic protein levels may provide a therapeutic approach for this devastating inherited condition.
The study analyzes benefits and risks of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitors (coxibs), finding that naproxen may have the best benefit-to-risk ratio on cardiovascular disease, while high-dose diclofenac and ibuprofen pose comparable vascular risks.
Scientists at the University of Liverpool and Callaghan Innovation have developed a new chemical approach to harness the natural ability of complex sugars to treat Alzheimer's disease. They produced a library of sugars called heparan sulphates, which can inhibit an enzyme that creates small proteins in the brain causing memory loss.
Researchers found a chemical that interferes with mosquito proteins, causing kidney failure and affecting flight capabilities. The discovery may lead to the development of new insecticides for combating malaria and dengue fever.
Chimpanzees and bonobos display negative emotional responses to failed risk-taking decisions, including vocalizations and tantrums. The apes' emotional responses are influenced by individual differences and species-specific traits.
Researchers reconstructed Arctic circulation through sediments and found that protactinium was being swept out of the Arctic before settling to the bottom. This suggests that the water couldn't have been stagnant, contradicting assumptions about the impact of the last ice age on global ocean currents. The study's findings indicate that...
Researchers have developed a new resin that can be molded into complex, highly conductive 3-D structures with features just a few micrometers across. The resin holds promise for making customized electrodes for fuel cells or batteries, as well as biosensor interfaces for medical uses.
The EORTC trial 26951 found that CpG island methylator phenotype status and MGMT promoter methylation are key factors in determining which patients benefit from PCV chemotherapy. The study suggests that other molecularly defined subsets of grade III tumors may also respond to treatment.
A systematic analysis reveals that 3.9 billion people globally are affected by oral conditions, with untreated caries being the most widespread. The study estimates 15 million disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to oral conditions worldwide.
Recent progress toward developing effective gene therapies for regenerative surgery has shown promising results in growing skin, bone, and other tissues. However, translating experimental gene therapy methods into clinical trials remains a difficult challenge due to technical and cost-effective issues.
New research by psychologists at the universities of Kent, Magdeburg and Cambridge has shown that some people can intentionally suppress unwanted memories and control their brain activity, thereby abolishing brain activity related to remembering. This finding has major implications for brain activity guilt detection tests.
The Purdue University R.B. Wetherill Laboratory of Chemistry has been recognized as a National Historic Chemical Landmark by the American Chemical Society (ACS) for its 80-plus years of service as a center for education and cutting-edge research. The laboratory, which has educated generations of chemists and chemical engineers, includi...
Astronomers have observed a spinning neutron star slowing down and spinning at a faster rate, providing clues to understand these dense objects. The discovery has important implications for understanding the extreme physical conditions present within neutron stars.
A recent study by USC Marshall School of Business professor Scott S. Wiltermuth found that segmenting rewards into arbitrary categories increases motivation. Participants worked longer on tasks when rewards were separated into categories, as they felt they would miss out on potential benefits if they didn
Disturbed body image in anorexia nervosa influences both conscious and unconscious actions, with affected individuals rotating their shoulders to fit through a doorway even when it's not necessary. Current therapeutic interventions should target the body in action to improve the experience of body size.
A new study finds that Mexican American children of authorized immigrant mothers have a 2-year advantage in educational attainment compared to those whose mothers entered the country illegally. The legacy effects of grandparents' unauthorized status contribute to this gap.
A University of Alberta sociology researcher identified key characteristics of people who use cellphones while driving, emphasizing social pressure and education as critical in curbing this behavior. The study found that males, those in the 35-44 age group, and lower-income earners are more likely to use their phones behind the wheel.
Researchers found that sucralose increased insulin and blood sugar levels in severely obese people without diabetes. This study suggests that artificial sweeteners may have more significant effects on metabolism than previously thought.
Scientists have determined the precise chemical structure of the HIV capsid using a combination of laboratory techniques and computational simulations. The resulting structure revealed 216 protein hexagons and 12 protein pentagons, which work together to form the cone-shaped capsid.
A new test can identify pregnant women at risk of developing gestational diabetes by measuring biomarker levels during the first trimester. Women with elevated levels of the soluble (pro)renin receptor were more likely to develop gestational diabetes.
The EORTC 62024 trial found that adjuvant imatinib impacts short-term freedom from relapse in patients with localized, surgically resected, high/intermediate-risk GIST. The trial showed a non-statistically significant trend in favor of the adjuvant arm for Imatinib failure-free survival.
A meta-analysis of 639 trials shows that higher-dose NSAIDs like diclofenac and ibuprofen are associated with increased risks of heart disease and fatal heart attacks. The study suggests that the size of these risks can be predicted, helping physicians choose safer NSAID regimens for patients.
A recent study found that practicing meditation and stretching can help relieve PTSD symptoms in nurses by regulating stress hormone levels. Cortisol levels responded favorably to mind-body exercises, decreasing PTSD symptoms by 41% in those who participated.
A team of researchers at Lund University has identified the molecular mechanism behind the formation of Alzheimer's disease-causing plaques. The discovery reveals a self-perpetuating and autocatalytic process that creates cell-killing formations, potentially paving the way for new treatments targeting early stages of the disease.