Brain training programs, such as MyBrainSolutions, improve measured scores in anxiety, stress, and depression. The BRAINnet Foundation uses standardized protocols to pool data across mental disorders, sites, and studies, aiming to understand mental illness as a brain disease.
A prospective study by Brigham and Women's Hospital researchers observed an association between a history of non-melanoma skin cancer and increased risk of breast, lung, and melanoma cancers. The study found that people with non-melanoma skin cancer had a modestly increased risk of getting these cancers in the future.
Researchers found that severely ill psychiatric patients in the Boston area experience lengthy waits for hospitalization, with some cases taking up to five hours of psychiatrist time. This delays treatment and wastes valuable clinician time, highlighting the need for reform in the healthcare system.
A new study found that large, hot fires do not necessarily lead to scorched soil. Instead, the soil temperature is affected by factors such as fire speed, heat travel direction, and landscape moisture content. This counterintuitive result could help forest managers plan controlled burns more effectively.
Arizona State University engineers are working on a $6.9 million project to produce rubber from the guayule plant, which could reduce US dependence on foreign producers. The project assesses sustainability factors, including land use, community impacts, and job creation.
A study of nearly 3,000 Danish adults found that childhood bacterial meningitis was associated with lower educational achievement and economic self-sufficiency in adulthood. The study also found that siblings of meningitis patients had similar lower educational achievements.
Researchers discovered distinctive patterns of DNA methylation associated with both autism diagnosis and related behavior traits, suggesting a quantitative relationship between the two. The study provides insight into the biological mechanism mediating gene-environment interaction in autism spectrum disorder.
Researchers used pitcher plants to identify signs of ecosystem trouble, finding that nutrient overloads can trigger drastic changes. The study discovered a reliable way to create tipping points and aims to identify early warning signals.
A study found troubling patterns of teacher assignments within schools, which can contribute to teacher turnover and achievement gaps. Lower-achieving students are more likely to be assigned to inexperienced teachers or those from less-competitive colleges.
Researchers from York, Paris and Missouri developed a new understanding of collective spin excitations in semiconductors, reducing decoherence and improving device functionalities. The discovery could lead to the development of new spintronic devices and quantum information technologies.
Researchers set lower limit for blazar's redshift, indicating distance of at least 7.4 billion light-years, challenging current models of blazar emission mechanisms and extragalactic background light propagation.
A new study reveals that land use in watersheds can impact Bay water quality, with urbanized landscapes contributing energy to fuel low-oxygen 'dead zones'. Organic carbon from these sources is more resistant to degradation, leading to increased persistence downstream.
The article provides an evidence-based overview of pancreatic cancer diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing the importance of surgery as a curative option. Key findings also highlight the benefits of accelerated progress in understanding the disease through partnerships between clinicians and basic scientists.
Scientists have discovered 14 new genes associated with childhood arthritis, which could lead to more effective treatments and improved outcomes. The study's findings may also enable clinicians to identify children who require specific therapy earlier, ultimately reducing the impact of the disease on their quality of life.
A team of researchers studied human cells sent to space, finding that the immune system weakens and bacterial virulence enhances under microgravity conditions. The study also found altered gene expression related to rheumatoid arthritis, tumor growth, and wound repair.
A new therapy uses radioactive Listeria bacteria to selectively infect tumor cells and deliver radioisotopes, dramatically decreasing the number of metastases in a mouse model of highly aggressive pancreatic cancer. The treatment also showed promise in reducing metastases by 90% in mice with metastatic pancreatic cancer.
Scientists construct largest ant family tree-of-life using DNA sequence data, confirming that modern ants originated between 139-158 million years ago. The study also reveals the Neotropics as a vital region for ant evolution, both preserving ancient groups and generating new species.
A team of neuroscientists studied the case of EP, a man with radical memory loss due to viral encephalitis. Unlike HM, who retained some residual tissue, EP's brain damage resulted in total destruction of specific memory-linked structures, rendering him unable to learn new information.
Researchers found that human brown adipose tissue is abundant in deep neck regions and can be grown into functional cells. These findings open possibilities for studying BAT's role in metabolism and developing treatments to combat obesity.
Experimental NASA research models show that three coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have erupted from the sun, with speeds of up to 625 miles per second. The CMEs may pass by NASA's Messenger and STEREO-A satellites, posing a risk of particle radiation to interplanetary spacecraft.
A retrospective study suggests that patients with lung cancer carrying specific HER2 mutations may experience tumor shrinkage and delayed disease progression when treated with anti-HER2 drugs. The study found 1.7% of NSCLC patients in Europe had these rare mutations, which can lead to continuous activation of the HER2 protein.
Researchers have developed a computer algorithm that can model and catalogue the entire set of lightweight, carbon-containing molecules that chemists could feasibly create in a lab. The map helps scientists identify unexplored regions of the chemical space where new compounds may hold solutions to some of the world's most vexing challe...
Researchers from Queen Mary University of London are using bioengineering techniques to grow the first complex 3-dimensional human tumour microenvironment in the laboratory. The goal is to understand how this 'tumour microenvironment' supports cancer growth and develop new treatments that target it.
Researchers at Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center found that AS1411 reduces cancer aggressiveness by inhibiting microRNA maturation, while restoring sensitivity to fulvestrant in resistant cells. The study suggests a new strategy for treating breast cancer.
A study of HIV-infected children and adolescents found that highly active antiretroviral therapies do not impair heart function. Instead, the therapies appear to be cardioprotective, reducing the risk of heart failure in these patients.
The HyspIRI airborne campaign collects data on California's diverse regions, revealing the unique spectral signature of each pixel. Scientists aim to understand ecosystem diversity and function using this technology, which will also be used for detecting land types and processes like fire and drought.
A recent study from India reveals that patients with hip fractures experience high mortality and functional impairment rates, with 30.4% of patients passing away within a year of the fracture, and only 21.9% regaining normal motor function.
A new study led by Dr. Sharon Straus at St. Michael's Hospital found that leadership programs have modest effects on advancement in leadership ranks and ability to publish papers in peer-reviewed journals. The study highlights the need for more research to evaluate which programs work and why.
A Northwestern University study has developed a pioneering biophotonics technology to detect ovarian cancer by analyzing cells from the cervix or uterus. The partial wave spectroscopic microscopy technique shows diagnostic changes in these cells even when they appear normal under a microscope, offering a potential breakthrough in early...
A new study finds that international child sponsorship programs result in higher rates of schooling completion and improved adult employment outcomes. The research, conducted by Compassion International, estimates causal effects on areas such as educational completion, type of employment, and community leadership.
An audit of Australian millipede species records in two online databases found numerous errors, including duplicated records and incorrect locations. The study highlights the need for data aggregators like GBIF and ALA to collaborate with their providers to ensure accurate data publication.
Researchers found that tumors with ALK gene rearrangements can harbor up to 20% of additional mutations, including EGFR and MET genes. These coexisting mutations may impact treatment response to targeted therapies.
Research examines similarities between food intake and addiction, but debates the application of the addiction model to food. A special issue in Biological Psychiatry explores the state of the field, covering neurobiological mechanisms, brain reward circuitry, and risk factors.
A recent study found that physicians built less emotional rapport with overweight patients than those of normal weight. This can lead to ineffective care and poorer patient outcomes. The researchers emphasized the importance of empathy in building trust and motivating patients to make lifestyle changes.
Scientists used a new lab technique to analyze fossil snail shells, gaining insights into an abrupt climate shift 34 million years ago. The study found a drop of up to 10 C in land temperature and linked atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations to surface temperatures.
Researchers found that intraventricular chemotherapy can palliate associated symptoms in patients with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis from non-small cell lung cancer. The study shows that 20 of 69 patients achieved normal ICP, and careful patient selection is recommended for successful treatment.
Scientists at the University of Hawaii predict that Hawaii's rainfall trend will continue, with less rain and fewer heavy-rain days. A statistical model developed by researchers estimates a significant decrease in heavy rain events during the rainy season from November to April.
Biologist Luis Vidali will explore how components of a cell's internal anatomy organize themselves to grow in a single direction, critical for vital functions in animals, plants, and fungi. He will use genetic techniques, advanced microscopy, and computer simulations to compile a complete picture of the mechanisms involved.
Researchers from the University of New Hampshire have detailed how thermoelectric power plants interact with climate, hydrology, and aquatic ecosystems. Rivers serve as
A research team led by Dr. Robert Hess used Tetris to train both eyes to work together, alleviating suppression of the weaker eye and increasing brain plasticity. The treatment showed dramatic improvements in vision and 3-D depth perception in adults with amblyopia.
Research highlights the importance of nutritional sustainability in pet food production, offering alternatives to minimize environmental impact while meeting animal needs. Educating consumers and adopting sustainable feeding practices can also help reduce waste and promote pet health.
A recent study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that higher primary care provider density is associated with lower lung cancer mortality rates, particularly among white populations. The researchers suggest that interventions aimed at primary care providers may deserve more investigation to improve access to cancer care.
Researchers at UCL and Montreal found a way to train the brain to accurately predict event outcomes by providing idealised scenarios that conform to statistical probability. This 'cleans' their memory and provides good quality evidence for decision-making.
A pediatric emergency medicine physician at Hasbro Children's Hospital is leading a $3.2 million NIH-funded study to validate a two-question screen for adolescent alcohol abuse. The goal is to determine if the shorter survey can predict risky behaviors as effectively as longer questionnaires.
Researchers are working on a technique that can help identify and treat cancer tumors using manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI). The goal is to guide and individualize treatment based on the presence of specific calcium channels in tumors.
Researchers discovered that eating mushrooms containing vitamin D2 can effectively increase and maintain vitamin D levels in healthy adults. The study found that mushroom powder was as effective as taking supplemental vitamin D2 or vitamin D3.
Researchers found fossilized remains of Microraptor with stomach content of fish, revealing its varied diet. The dinosaur's unique teeth were adapted for catching slippery prey like fish.
A new study at Rhode Island Hospital found that many older women are overdiagnosed and overtreated for urinary tract infections (UTIs), highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis. The study suggests that collecting urine by inserting a temporary catheter may reduce false-positive results and unnecessary antibiotic exposure.
Australian researchers use CSIRO's Zebedee to create detailed 3D maps of historic sites in Moreton Bay, preserving fragile and remote cultural heritage. The technology allows for rapid data collection, enabling analysis of important aspects of Australian history, such as the segregation of Indigenous people in leper colonies.
A global review reveals a cocktail of pressures contributing to declining pollinator populations, impacting crop yields and wild plant reproduction. Effective habitat networks, pesticide risk assessments, and innovative disease therapies are proposed solutions.
Researchers analyzed social bonds in rock hyrax colonies, finding that balanced triads are more common than initially thought. Structural balance theory suggests that enemies of enemies can be stable configurations, contradicting classical human relationship dynamics.
Scientists identified viruses closely related to Hepatitis C virus in rodents and bats, shedding light on the disease's origins and possible animal models for treatment. The findings also support the development of new vaccines and treatments, as the viruses share similar sequences with HCV.
This special issue of Technology and Innovation explores transformative health care technologies, reducing costs and improving outcomes. Researchers have developed automated educational interventions to analyze prescription data, creating health outcomes indices to measure patient outcomes over time.
Classic psychological research on expectancy and observer effects reveals flaws in forensic science, including the influence of human examiners and flawed evidence. The study proposes best practice recommendations to reduce confirmation biases and improve the quality of the judicial system.
Researchers discovered metastasis stem cells in the blood of breast cancer patients, characterized by specific surface molecules CD44, CD47, and MET. These cells are associated with a poorer prognosis and may serve as a promising biomarker for disease progression.
A Michigan State University study found that student-athletes who believed their coaches expected high academic performance were more confident in the classroom. Researchers also highlighted the role of professors, academic advisers and classmates in boosting confidence
Sodium intake in the US has increased over the last decade, with grains and meat being the largest contributors, despite public health efforts to decrease consumption. Innovative solutions like SODA-LO Salt Microspheres are needed to reduce sodium content in food supplies.
A study published in PNAS reveals how disrupted cellular energy metabolism contributes to the development of Alzheimer's disease. In early-stage Alzheimer's, amyloid-beta-peptide accumulation disrupts mitochondrial function, leading to over-accumulation of calcium and neuronal death.
A study by Michigan State University criminologist Thomas Holt reveals a sophisticated online marketplace for stolen credit data, where reputations drive sales and feedback helps weed out untrustworthy sellers. The network, similar to eBay or Amazon, uses web forums and electronic payments to facilitate transactions.
A new geochemical method has found a link between the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide and Earth's surface temperature, suggesting that the planet is inextricably linked. The study uses a recently developed technique to measure the change in terrestrial temperature associated with a shift in global atmospheric CO2 concentrat...