A team of specialists analyzed a 2,000-year-old bronze battering ram to shed light on how such an object was made in ancient times. The study found that the bronze alloy was composed of 87% copper, 6% tin, and 7% lead, with varying concentrations throughout the casting.
Individuals who are overweight starting in early adulthood are twice as likely to have chronic kidney disease at age 60 to 64 years. Larger waist-to-hip ratios during middle age are also linked with chronic kidney disease at the same age. Avoiding excess weight gain could prevent many cases of chronic kidney disease, with over one-thir...
Professor Murat Dundar will use the award to refine machine learning models for more accurate data classification and adaptation. His research aims to improve bio-detection, medical monitoring, and data sorting technologies.
A new study found that EU minimum tax legislation for cigarettes has no effect on smoking prevalence, with prices rising up to three times faster than before. The introduction of the legislation in Spain in 2006 led to a shift towards hand-rolled cigarettes, which are cheaper than manufactured ones.
Researchers found chronic pain to be a common complication of ischemic strokes, associated with greater decline in physical and cognitive function. Significant risk factors for post-stroke pain include increased severity of stroke, female gender, and vascular disease.
For the first time, researchers have isolated adult stem cells from human intestinal tissue, providing a much-needed resource for scientists to study human stem cell biology. The isolated stem cells can be used to explore new treatments for inflammatory bowel disease and chemotherapy side effects.
Bees copy each other when looking for nectar by watching colour patterns and learning from others' behaviour. This simple logic helps them avoid bitter-tasting flowers and optimise their search for energy-rich nectar.
Researchers from the University of Notre Dame and The Nature Conservancy found no evidence of widespread Asian carp presence in the Great Lakes, contrary to recent reports. Instead, they detected DNA only in areas where Asian carp have been caught, suggesting that live fish are the most likely source of the invasive species.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have discovered a way to extract large quantities of hydrogen from any plant, potentially bringing a low-cost, environmentally friendly fuel source to the world. The new process uses xylose, the most abundant simple plant sugar, to produce high-purity hydrogen with an energy efficiency of over 100 percent.
Researchers found no evidence of widespread Asian carp presence in the Great Lakes, but detected DNA from bighead and silver carp. Live fish are considered the most likely source of the DNA, contradicting reports of bird or boat spread.
A study has identified a broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibody in an infected HIV-1 patient, providing insights into effective vaccination strategies. The researchers hope that a vaccine mimicking the development of this potent antibody response may trigger similar protective antibodies.
Research reveals Ganges river dolphins produce low-intensity echolocation signals at surprising frequencies, while freshwater dolphins look for prey closer to home. The study provides a new perspective on the evolution of echolocation among toothed whales.
Researchers are enrolling 4,000 participants in a 5-year trial to determine whether routine dementia screening reduces individual and societal burdens. The study aims to provide critical data on the effectiveness of routine screening for adults aged 65 and older.
JoVE is launching a new environment section to publish cutting-edge methodologies and innovations in renewable energy, sustainable materials, and more. The section aims to promote environmentally conscientious practices and provide a platform for researchers to present greener technology.
Three Ben-Gurion University students present research projects focused on water conservation and renewable energy, addressing global challenges in education, energy, climate change, and poverty. Their initiatives aim to develop inexpensive technology for harvesting drinking water from the atmosphere and promote solar energy awareness.
Researchers discovered SIRT4 plays a crucial role in preventing DNA damage-induced cancer by controlling glutamine metabolism and arresting cell cycle. In mice lacking SIRT4, lung cancer developed spontaneously, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.
A long-term study shows that isolated coral reefs like Scott Reef in Western Australia can recover from severe disturbances without relying on neighboring reefs. The reef's isolation allowed surviving corals to rapidly grow and propagate, ultimately recovering within 12 years.
Researchers found lower than expected levels of iridium and osmium at the K-Pg boundary, contradicting the asteroid impact theory. A comet explanation reconciles this with evidence of a massive crater.
A new study has identified genetic markers that may signal individuals at increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. The research found mutations in certain genes influencing protein accumulations in the brain and spinal fluid, which can lead to cognitive decline.
Scientists have identified several genes linked to the tau protein, which is found in brain tangles that develop in Alzheimer's patients. The findings may help provide targets for a different class of drugs that could be used for treatment.
Researchers have developed a non-invasive test for metastatic prostate cancer using whole-genome analysis of plasma DNA, which identifies abnormal copy numbers of specific sequences. This breakthrough could aid personalized therapy and target treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Lindsey Michelle Brier, a University of Houston math sciences major, has been awarded the prestigious Goldwater Scholarship for her research in pharmaceutical chemistry. She plans to pursue a Ph.D. in medicinal chemistry and teach at the university level.
The Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) instrument has been successfully integrated to the MAVEN spacecraft, enabling measurements of Mars' upper atmosphere composition. NGIMS will analyze neutral and ionized gases, providing insights into atmospheric chemistry and potential microbial life.
A recent study found that Adélie penguin populations on Antarctica's Beaufort Island have increased by 84% as ice fields retreated between 1958-2010. The population density within the colony also increased, leading to altered dynamics of the population studied.
Research suggests hormonal changes may precede development of rheumatoid arthritis in men. Men with low testosterone levels were found to be more likely to develop the disease, even after adjusting for other risk factors.
The International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer has developed a guideline for molecular testing in lung cancer, recommending testing for EGFR and ALK abnormalities in all patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma. This approach provides individualized treatment options and improved quality of life for patients.
Researchers have mapped a two-year migration pattern of female white sharks in the Pacific Ocean, revealing widely separated nursery areas. The study highlights the need for conservation efforts to protect these vulnerable animals from commercial fishing and habitat disruption.
A new study published in The FASEB Journal found that PubMed Central's public accessibility of biomedical articles draws readership away from journals, weakening their ability to build communities and communicate research findings. Over time, this effect increases, posing a threat to the perceived value of journal subscriptions.
A new study from the University of Miami School of Business Administration finds that offering free gifts with emotional products can double purchase likelihood, while cognitive products may see a 50% decrease in sales. The research suggests that marketers should consider the type of product and gift when designing promotions.
The Brain Activity Mapping (BAM) Project seeks to develop tools for greater understanding of the brain's intricate networks, potentially leading to treatments for neurological diseases. Advances in nanoscience and nanotechnology hold promise for probing the brain at a nanoscale.
A UCLA brain-imaging tool has helped identify early signs of cognitive decline and stroke risk in individuals without dementia symptoms. The study used a brain scan to measure amyloid beta plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles, which are hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that Green Pea galaxies, compact and highly star-forming, may leak ionizing radiation. This could confirm the prevailing theory of reionization during the Big Bang's early stages.
Volunteers are transcribing decades-old pen strokes from historic log entries to add to the climate record, revealing past weather and climate patterns. The project aims to provide valuable data for scientists studying the Arctic's dramatic melt back.
Researchers identified biochemical changes in cancer cells that render them vulnerable to PARP inhibitors, which showed promise as a novel treatment strategy for cisplatin-resistant cancer. The study found that high levels of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 and elevated amounts of poly (ADP-ribosyl) were linked to resistance to cisplatin.
Vermont's aggressive health care reform initiatives offer valuable lessons for other states, including engaging stakeholders, coordinating implementation efforts, and capitalizing on federal financing opportunities. The state's centralized administrative board has resulted in lower costs by eliminating duplication of efforts.
The CTC-iChip system rapidly produces a purified solution of tumor cells for pathological and molecular analysis. This technology enables the analysis of single metastatic cells, providing insights into cancer evolution and metastasis.
A study by Dr. Anne Rhodes found that youth with a history of maltreatment, small neighborhood size, or mental disorder are more likely to repeat suicidal behaviors. The research, published in Child Abuse & Neglect, highlights the importance of assessing these factors to prevent repetition.
Researchers identified rare variants in genes involved with the NMDA receptor network, which regulate brain cell connections and signal transmissions. These findings support the hypothesis that decreased NMDA receptor-mediated nerve-signal transmissions contribute to schizophrenia.
A new study reveals that diversity training programs can create an illusion of corporate fairness, leading people to believe work environments are equitable despite hiring, promotion, or salary inequities. The researchers recommend that companies examine their records to determine the effectiveness of diversity and mentoring programs.
Scientists have directly visualized and tracked the movement of silicon atoms in a graphene sheet, revealing a 'dancing' behavior caused by energy transfer from an electron beam. This breakthrough could lead to new approaches for tuning electronic and optical properties in materials.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine recommends continuous hormone therapy for metastatic prostate cancer, extending lives by months to years. Continuous therapy offers a better alternative to intermittent therapy with fewer side effects.
A NIH study found that stimulating the brain's prefrontal cortex can reduce compulsive cocaine-seeking behavior. The study, conducted in rats, suggests a promising treatment approach for addiction.
Researchers have discovered that stimulating one part of the brain with laser light can wipe away addictive behavior in rats and turn non-addicted rats into compulsive cocaine seekers. The study suggests a new therapy using transcranial magnetic stimulation could be effective for humans, offering hope for treating cocaine addiction.
A new study found that young newlyweds who are satisfied with their marriage tend to gain weight over time, increasing the risk of various health problems. The research suggests that spouses who are satisfied in their relationship may be less motivated to maintain their weight due to a focus on appearance rather than health.
Research reveals that social relationships and pair bonds play a crucial role in shaping the traits of male birds, with extra-pair mating having limited effects on sexual selection. The findings suggest that infidelity may even slow the evolution of sexual dimorphism.
Geoscientist Michele Cooke's study explores fault evolution around bends using a mechanical efficiency approach, dubbed the "Lazy Earth" hypothesis. The findings suggest that the crust behaves in accord with work minimization principles, leading to increased efficiency and the formation of new faults.
The study reveals that turtles activate existing genes in new ways to adapt to oxygen deprivation, which may lead to improved treatments for human heart conditions. The research also highlights the importance of preserving turtle diversity due to their slow evolution rate and declining global populations.
Researchers have discovered a potent physiological anti-angiogenic factor, PEDF, that reverses symptoms of endometriosis and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome without compromising fertility. The injectable protein has shown promising results in pre-clinical studies.
The NIH team developed a nonhuman primate model in December 2012 to study the emerging coronavirus. Clinical signs of the disease appear within 24 hours of infection, including reduced appetite and respiratory issues. The model is helping scientists evaluate potential vaccines and treatments.
Researchers found a significant association between hypertensive diseases during pregnancy and vasomotor symptoms, including hot flashes and night sweats, in middle-aged women. The study of 853 women in the Netherlands suggests a potential biological link between these conditions and cardiovascular disease risk.
A new study uses computer simulation to explore how directional migration influences cooperation levels and population structure. The results show improved cooperation among individuals in dense clusters resembling social cohesion.
PeerJ has launched a new 'preprint server' for the Biological and Medical Sciences, allowing authors to share early drafts and receive feedback. The service aims to facilitate an end-to-end publication process, providing a permanent digital identifier and long-term preservation.
New York Stem Cell Foundation researchers have developed a quantitative protocol to consistently harvest early-reprogrammed cells, resulting in standardized iPS cell lines. This method enables the derivation of 228 individual iPS cell lines, which can be compared to one another for use in drug screens and cell therapies.
Historic records indicate a complex ritual system surrounding shark fishing and making gear from shark teeth. Researchers analyzed 120 ancient weapons, identifying eight shark species, including two previously unknown to the Gilbert Islands, now likely extinct.
Recent studies from Stanford University School of Medicine have found that small portions of amyloid-forming proteins can alleviate symptoms in mice with multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. The research suggests a radical new idea: full-length, amyloid-forming proteins may be produced by the body as protective forces.
A meta-analysis of published evidence found a link between male pattern baldness and an increased risk of coronary heart disease, especially on the crown of the head. Men with extensive vertex baldness were 44% more likely to develop coronary artery disease than those with a full head of hair.
Researchers found that papyrus sedge can absorb toxic matter from abattoir effluent, including nitrogen and phosphorus ions. The study suggests using constructed wetlands with papyrus as a final treatment step to reduce untreated effluent reaching Lake Victoria.
Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem discovered that TNF-a plays a critical role in inducing immune suppression during chronic inflammation. They found that TNF-a directly affects myeloid-derived suppressor cells, leading to impaired host immune responses.
The launch of Animal Biotelemetry aims to provide a forum for discussion on telemetric techniques used in various animal species. Key findings include the two-year migration pattern of female white sharks and the use of UV radiation to prevent infections in tagged animals.
Researchers have discovered a new way to switch magnetism using short laser pulses, achieving speeds of quadrillionths of a second. This breakthrough potentially opens the door to faster memory and logic device speeds, exceeding current gigahertz limits.