Researchers at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science have successfully developed a completely vegetarian diet that supports fast-growing marine carnivores like cobia and gilthead sea bream. This breakthrough could significantly ease aquaculture's reliance on wild-caught fish, making the industry more sustainable.
A study found that naltrexone treatment reduced the percentage of days drinking among patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol dependence. The combination of prolonged exposure therapy and naltrexone did not increase drinking or alcohol craving, contradicting common views.
A new report reveals that 68% of US wind turbines installed between 2003-2012 were for distributed wind projects, generating 812 megawatts of power. This represents a significant shift towards local energy production, with large turbines being used in more distributed wind projects.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a new design for salmonella-based vaccines that can survive the acidic environment of the stomach. This improvement allows for stronger immune responses and potentially longer-term protection against diseases.
A new UC Berkeley study reveals that sleep-deprived brains prefer unhealthy snacks and junk foods over whole grains and leafy greens. The researchers found impaired activity in the frontal lobe but increased activity in deeper brain centers that respond to rewards.
A new study found that high levels of physician verbal abuse are closely associated with more negative work environments. Nurses who experienced verbal abuse reported lower job satisfaction, unfavorable perceptions of their work environment, and greater intent to leave their current jobs.
Research finds that messy desks stimulate creative thinking and inspire breaking free from tradition, leading to fresh insights. Tidy desks, on the other hand, promote healthy behaviors like donating to charity and choosing a healthier snack option.
Researchers at MIT created a layer of tiny grains that can funnel acoustic waves, potentially leading to smaller electronic devices and new types of blast-shielding material. The discovery could also enable the development of microbalances capable of measuring tiny changes in weight.
The article highlights the need for a systematic framework of case identification, triage, and mental health interventions in post-disaster settings. Researchers found that standard treatments like pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy are effective, but psychosocial interventions have not been sufficiently evaluated.
The Louisiana Tumor Registry has been awarded a contract to continue its work as a SEER Program-designated cancer registry, collecting cancer incidence and survival data from 28% of the US population. The funding will support cancer research, including prevention, early detection, treatment, and survivorship studies.
A QUT study found that extensive breast cancer surgery is linked to an increased risk of developing arm lymphoedema. The study revealed one in five women may be diagnosed with the condition, which can cause anxiety, depression, and emotional distress.
A new study reveals that certain patient groups feel unmet needs for greater involvement in cancer treatment decisions. Younger patients and those with specific rare types of cancer want more input in the decision-making process. The research emphasizes the importance of shared-decision making policies to address these disparities.
Researchers have identified a novel component, Par-1, of the Hippo signaling pathway, which influences Hippo protein phosphorylation and regulates organ growth. The study found that Par-1 negatively regulates Hippo kinase activity, promoting apoptosis and reducing tissue growth.
Researchers at Ohio State University have restored immune function in spinal injured mice, providing a potential explanation for why people with spinal cord injuries become susceptible to infections. By targeting specific hormones involved in autonomic dysreflexia, the study offers new therapeutic targets for reversing central immune d...
Scientists analyzed 500-year-old Inca mummies to uncover the truth behind the 'capacocha' ritual, revealing that children consumed coca and alcohol before sacrifice. The findings provide new insights into the ancient practice, which was used to sedate children before their death.
Researchers will develop biomimetic materials with self-replicating and evolving properties using DNA-guided self-assembly and origami folding. The goal is to create self-replicating 3D arrays with potential applications in advanced materials, biofuels, and industrial products.
A three-year international study found that marine species are shifting their geographic distribution towards cooler regions due to warming oceans. This has led to changes in breeding patterns, life cycles, and potentially significant repercussions for human services dependent on these ecosystems.
Researchers found that certain stimuli, such as flu infection, fever and stress hormone release, trigger bacteria to leave biofilms in the nose and enter sterile organs, revealing increased virulence. Understanding this mechanism could lead to ways to block the transition to disease.
Research on Malagasy black-and-white ruffed lemurs found that communal nesting and creches significantly improve infant survival rates. Female lemurs can spend less time at their nests, increasing opportunities to feed elsewhere.
The Translational Genomics Research Institute received a $20,000 grant from the Arizona Community Foundation to support its TGen2School program, promoting scientific literacy and preparing a better-prepared bioscience workforce. The initiative includes professional development for teachers and provision of science kits.
A new bed bug trap captures twice as many insects as current traps by incorporating a pitfall trap design, a chemical lure, and a sugar-and-yeast mixture producing carbon dioxide. The trap's taller design makes it harder for bed bugs to escape.
Researchers have created a method to control quantum bits using resonances in artificial atoms, enabling exponential parallel computation and solving complex tasks. The technique combines classical solid-state physics with atomic physics techniques, allowing for controlled electron spin orientation without measurement.
A recent study reveals that many people experience mental health disorders after disasters, with nearly 1 in 3 showing signs of PTSD. The study emphasizes the need for a consistent and integrated system for identifying, triaging, and treating these individuals.
A study of current and former military personnel found that mental disorders and male sex are independently associated with increased suicide risk, but deployment or combat experiences were not linked to an increased risk. The findings suggest that early recognition and treatment of mental health concerns can help mitigate suicide risk.
A study found that nearly 59% of liver transplant patients experience metabolic syndrome, increasing heart disease and diabetes risks. Exercise intensity appears to be more important than duration in reducing metabolic syndrome complications.
Researchers at Cornell University captured high-resolution images of oscillating water drops, revealing 30 shapes and behaviors. The study's findings could improve inkjet printing resolution and inform applications in microfluidics and NASA research.
A new NREL report provides detailed land-use data for solar power plants, showing that a large fixed tilt photovoltaic plant requires an average of 2.8 acres for solar panels to generate 1 gigawatt-hour per year. The study found that small single-axis PV systems require on average 2.9 acres per annual gigawatt-hour, while concentrating...
Researchers found a reliable D-dimer plasma level threshold for detecting venous thromboembolism after craniotomy, indicating high sensitivity and specificity. A postoperative D-dimer threshold of 2 mg/L is proposed, with higher levels associated with pulmonary embolism.
A study of 602 new mothers found that extroverted and emotionally stable individuals are more likely to breastfeed and continue breastfeeding. Mothers who were introverted or anxious faced challenges with breastfeeding, including feelings of self-consciousness and difficulty accessing support services.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University developed a new method to measure nanocrystals' adsorption and release of hydrogen and other gases. The technique revealed that the size of nanocrystals has a stronger effect on the rate of gas adsorption and release than previously expected, with smaller particles absorbing more gas faster.
A new University of New Hampshire study finds that online sex offenders operate similarly to offline ones, targeting teens through internet and cell phone communications. The research highlights the need for teaching children to resist sexual advances from adults, whether met online or in-person.
A recent study by MU School of Medicine found that the Summer Community Program improved physician access in rural communities. The 15-year study showed medical school graduates involved in the program were more likely to enter family practice residency training and choose rural locations for their first practices.
A study published in The Journal of Neuroscience found that hamsters exposed to red light had significantly less evidence of depressive-like symptoms compared to those exposed to blue or white light. The researchers believe this may have important implications for humans, particularly those working night shifts.
Research found that the average pregnancy length is 268 days, but variations of up to 37 days were detected. Factors such as a woman's age, birth weight, and previous pregnancies also influenced gestation duration.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 23 studies reveals that hospitalized patients with PICCs are just as likely to develop bloodstream infections as those with other types of CVCs. The study highlights the need for adherence to proven prevention strategies in non-critical care settings.
Researchers develop fast and accurate method to monitor biodiversity changes using crushed insect 'soup', comparable to traditional labor-intensive approaches. This breakthrough enables rapid detection of environmental shifts and endangered species, informing policy and conservation decisions.
Researchers have discovered that trees across species exhibit remarkably similar branching patterns, allowing scientists to infer a tree's function regardless of its shape or size. The study confirms a theory developed by UA ecology professor Brian Enquist and has implications for models used to assess forest ecosystems.
A global study found that tamoxifen halves the breast cancer risk for women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. The medication has been used to treat breast cancer for decades and also prevents new cancers in many women.
Novice and experienced drivers show distinct differences in lane keeping performance, with experienced drivers better controlling vehicle position. The study suggests that driving experience affects cognitive skills such as perception, decision, and memory.
A new study from Northern Arizona University found that ecosystems have a limited capacity to absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide, and soil microorganisms play a crucial role in determining carbon storage. The study suggests that widely accepted carbon cycle models overestimate the impact of ecosystems on absorbing carbon.
A new study from UT Arlington found that individuals with high levels of 'group narcissism' and strong national in-group identification are more likely to hold negative attitudes toward undocumented Latino immigrants. This aligns with the researchers' hypothesis that perceived threats to one's group can contribute to such attitudes.
A new study reveals that at least five species of tropical fruit flies, including the infamous Medfly, are permanently established in California and spreading despite decades-long eradication efforts. The study's findings have significant implications for California agriculture and international trading partners.
A study published in Annals of Emergency Medicine found that observing children with minor blunt head trauma in the emergency department before ordering a CT scan can significantly reduce the need for CT scans. The study found that every hour of observation time decreased CT rates by approximately 70% on average.
A new vaccine has shown promise in boosting the immune system's ability to attack leukemia cells in post-transplant patients. The personalized tumor vaccine, which includes the patient's own irradiated leukemia cells combined with an immune stimulant, has been shown to induce a strong and selective immune response.
Swedish researchers found three types of teachers who interacted with children during meals: sociable, educating, and evasive. To realize the potential of nutrition education, teachers must be aware of their actions. The study provides a useful tool for clarifying best practices for teacher-student interactions during mealtimes.
A new study published in JAMA found that treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol dependence simultaneously does not lead to increased drinking, but rather improves treatment outcomes. Prolonged exposure therapy combined with naltrexone reduced cravings and drinking days, even after treatment stopped.
Scientists have discovered a new biomarker that predicts how well cancer patients respond to cancer drugs. The biomarker, linked to PRL-3 protein levels, identifies patients who are most likely to benefit from existing anti-cancer treatments, reducing healthcare costs and potentially saving lives.
A new species of Spider Water Beetle, Ancyronyx buhid, has been discovered in the Philippine Rainforest Creeks, showcasing the country's diversity as a global hotspot. The beetle's unique characteristics make it an ideal bioindicator species for healthy ecosystem conditions.
Researchers found that community-based pharmacies can be effective locations for offering rapid HIV testing and connecting those who test positive with medical care quickly. The study used five community-based pharmacies in the Bronx and Manhattan to test hard-to-reach individuals, resulting in six positive cases and improved access to...
A new Canadian study found that women living in large urban areas are at a significantly higher risk of postpartum depression after five to 14 months of giving birth. The researchers suggest differences in stress, social support and history of depression may contribute to this risk.
A Dartmouth-led team has identified a group of stress-related proteins in plants that help them avoid sunburn in intense light. These findings could lead to the development of crops with increased protection from bright light and enhanced photosynthesis rates.
Scientists have developed lab-born human tissue structures to study and treat tumor growth, offering a more accurate alternative to animal testing. The new method uses biochemistry and cell types to replicate human conditions, paving the way for personalized medicine.
A new study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that walking to work cuts the risk of diabetes and high blood pressure by 40% compared to driving. People who walk or cycle to work are also less likely to be overweight, with cyclists being half as likely to have diabetes as drivers.
A study by Dr. Chen's research group reveals that sericin can alleviate diabetic hippocampal damage by improving disorders in the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1 axis, decreasing blood glucose levels and apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in diabetic rats.
A new study reveals that Australian soils are losing significant amounts of carbon to wind erosion, with an estimated 1.6 million tonnes lost annually. This loss affects not only agricultural productivity but also the country's carbon accounts and climate change projections.
Research by the University of Maryland found that timber rattlesnakes remove 2,500-4,500 ticks from Eastern forest sites annually, potentially reducing Lyme disease incidence. The study highlights the importance of conserving all species, including those often disliked.
A study found that frozen sperm taken directly from testicles is just as effective as fresh sperm in helping couples conceive through IVF. The type of facility where sperm is taken and its distance from the IVF laboratory have no bearing on pregnancy outcomes.
The NASI-Scopus Young Scientist Awards recognize outstanding academic research achievement by nine young scientists from various fields of science. The award aims to nurture creativity and promote excellence in science, supported by Elsevier's high-quality content and innovative solutions.
A recent study found that pregnant Hispanic women in California consume high levels of toxins such as methylmercury from tuna and PCBs from farmed salmon, which can cause birth defects and developmental delays. The researchers also highlighted the dangers of tap water and caffeine consumption during pregnancy.
A recent study has identified a third brain region, the orbital frontal cortex (OFC), critical for shifting between habitual and goal-directed actions. This discovery has important implications for understanding neuropsychiatric disorders where habit balance is disrupted.
Arizona State University researchers have received a $1.6 million grant to develop advanced microscopy methods that can capture molecular-scale phenomena in living systems. The technique, called plasmonic resonance, allows for the imaging of proteins and other molecules within cells with enhanced contrast and temporal resolution.
Researchers at North Carolina State University have created a new flexible nano-scaffold using aligned carbon nanotubes to improve the stability of rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. The design shows promise in increasing battery capacity and reducing pulverization, a significant challenge in using silicon as an electrode material.
A Penn State-led research team found that histone protein changes can control whether a gene functions, with the potential to maintain genetic expression and prevent disease. The study's findings have significant implications for the study of diseases like cancer and understanding cellular behavior.
Scientists predict the sun's magnetic field will reverse in three to four months, affecting space weather and potentially cosmic rays. This change marks the midpoint of Solar Cycle 24, with half of 'solar max' behind and half yet to come.
The new guidelines recommend immediate use of a combination of three or more antiretroviral drugs after any occupational exposure to HIV, eliminating the previous recommendation to assess individual exposure risk. Exposed healthcare personnel should complete a full four-week regimen and undergo follow-up testing and monitoring.
Researchers have uncovered the evolutionary past of psychedelic mushrooms by studying their molecular and morphological traits. The study classifies 'magic' mushrooms into different families based on shared secondary metabolites, indicating a complex history of evolution and adaptation.
Researchers at University of Illinois find way to boost health benefits of frozen broccoli by sprinkling it with daikon radish, a process that preserves sulforaphane's cancer-fighting properties even when cooked. The discovery aims to make frozen broccoli as nutritious as fresh.
Researchers report a family cluster of two patients with H7N9 infection, suggesting direct transmission from father to daughter. However, the authors stress that the ability to transmit itself is limited and non-sustainable.
A small study found that patients who received minimally invasive stents had a 31% risk of needing another procedure within 24 months, compared to 54% for those who received bypass surgery. The researchers hope to confirm these findings with further study and develop guidelines for determining when a stent is likely to be best.
Research found a modest increase in publications on firearms among children and adolescents, but not as significant as expected. The study suggests that the Congressional action in 1996 may have led to increased funding for research on other causes of death.
Researchers have developed large area picosecond photodetectors that can measure particle speed with sub-picosecond resolution and spatial precision measured in micrometers. The detectors use Atomic Layer Deposition technique and have potential applications in high-energy physics, medical imaging, and homeland security.
Researchers at MIT have discovered a new platform that enables dramatic manipulation of organic molecules' emission by suspending them on top of a carefully designed planar slab with a periodic array of holes. This platform has important implications for applications such as bio-imaging, bio-molecular detection and the development of o...
Researchers found that weight loss surgery can reverse the symptoms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by altering DNA methylation and gene expression. This study provides insight into the mechanisms behind bariatric surgery's benefits beyond weight loss.
A new study in PLOS Medicine suggests that CD4 counts are a suitable alternative to viral loads for monitoring treatment and determining when to switch antiretroviral therapy in adults with HIV. The study found that the two approaches had similar outcomes, providing reassurance for healthcare centers using CD4 counts alone.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a cost-effective and efficient robot called SkySweeper to inspect power lines. The robot can move along utility lines, searching for damage and other problems that require repairs, and can be scaled up for under $1,000.
A Canadian study found that women living in large urban areas have a higher risk of postpartum depression. The study analyzed data from 6421 women and found that urban residents had almost 10% reporting postpartum depression compared to 6% in rural areas.
Researchers found that entrepreneurs exhibit higher levels of rule-breaking behavior during adolescence, such as cheating and truancy. However, this behavior tends to dissipate by adulthood, with most entrepreneurs showing no significant difference in anti-social tendencies compared to non-entrepreneurs.
A study published in the BMJ found that telephone health coaching did not reduce hospital admissions or related costs for patients with long-term conditions. In fact, the study suggests that it may even lead to increased hospital use and costs.
Research reveals metabolic syndrome is common among liver transplant recipients, with exercise potentially reducing complications. The study suggests structured exercise programs during the first year after surgery could benefit patients.
A new report from Simon Fraser University researcher calls for expanded heroin and opioid medical treatment to address rising overdose deaths. The study highlights the gap in treatment availability in Canada and the US and recommends eliminating restrictions on methadone prescribing and reducing financial barriers to treatment.
Researchers found that AXL receptor pairs with EGFR to make tumors resistant to ErbB inhibitors. Combining drugs targeting AXL and EGFR receptors could offer a better way to fight tumors, according to the study.
Researchers at Cardiff University have linked hormonal imbalance in the womb to anxiety and possible vulnerability to poor mental health in adults. Changes in placental function have been implicated in emotional behavior and brain gene expression related to this type of behavior.
A new technique allows researchers to observe magnesium's atomic-scale changes when exposed to radiation, providing insights into how radiation weakens materials. This discovery may lead to the development of new radiation-tolerant materials for deep space exploration.
A new UCSB study published in the Journal of Neuroscience reveals that paying full attention and trying hard can impede performance. The study found that disrupting explicit memory resources, which are associated with conscious thought, can harm implicit memory processes, leading to poorer performance outcomes.