Researchers found that Notch 1 is required for initial tumor growth and survival of cancer cells. Disabling Notch 1 leads to increased cancer cell death through increased p53 stability.
Researchers found that Facebook users' intensity of use is predicted by activity in the nucleus accumbens, a region involved in processing rewards and reputation. The study suggests social media use may be linked to changes in brain function related to reputation and self-image.
Researchers developed yeast strains that efficiently produce bio-ethanol from waste, overcoming previous limitations. The new strains have unprecedented efficiency and robustness, making them suitable for industrial fermentation processes.
Scientists developed a new SERS sensor with high sensitivity and reproducibility, detecting a specific organic species in low concentrations. The sensor uses vertically arranged carbon nanotubes to amplify Raman-scattered light signals.
Researchers at Bonn University have discovered that UV-light induced DNA damage triggers lupus-like autoimmune symptoms by activating the cGAS signaling pathway. This study provides a crucial understanding of the immune mechanism behind lupus and offers potential new therapy targets.
A recent study by researchers at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center has discovered a link between mutations in the BTNL2 gene and an increased risk of developing prostate cancer. The study found that rare variants of this gene are associated with both hereditary and sporadic cases of prostate cancer.
Researchers use airborne radar data to uncover a 750km-long, meandering river channel beneath the Greenland Ice Sheet. The canyon is thought to predate the ice sheet and played a crucial role in transporting sub-glacial meltwater into the Arctic Ocean.
A new form of imaging technology, PET/MRI, is being explored for its potential to improve diagnosis, staging, and treatment planning for various types of cancer. Researchers found that PET/MRI enhanced the ability to detect malignant areas and diagnose several types of cancers more accurately.
Researchers have identified a promising avenue for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease through non-invasive brain wave analysis. The study found statistically significant differences in brain wave patterns between healthy individuals and those with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers report successful use of virtual surgical planning for complex maxillofacial reconstruction, achieving predictable outcomes and reduced operating times. The technology enables precise estimates of required bony components and enhances surgeons' ability to make accurate osteotomies.
A new study found that adults who engage in moderate physical activity up to two and a half hours a week do not increase their risk of developing knee osteoarthritis. The study also found no association between race, sex, or body weight and the risk of knee osteoarthritis.
New research suggests that terror birds were likely herbivores, based on the analysis of calcium isotope composition in their fossilized bones. The study found that the terror bird's diet was similar to that of herbivorous mammals and dinosaurs, indicating a non-carnivorous diet.
A Penn study found that lamin-A, a protective protein in the nucleus, plays a key role in regulating stem cell differentiation and tissue stiffness. The research revealed a correlation between lamin-A levels and elasticity in various tissues.
Research shows that bacteria living in Gulf of Mexico beaches can thrive on a diet of oil by fixing nitrogen from the air, opening doors to more sophisticated cleanup techniques. However, some bacteria play an important role in the ecosystem experienced a sharp decline following the contamination.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have developed a new method for creating inexpensive and easily manufactured nanoparticle-based solar cells using phosphorus and zinc. The team's innovative approach could make solar power more accessible to off-grid communities and reduce costs by up to half.
Researchers at University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center discovered that an inflammatory protein converts glioblastoma cells into their most aggressive form, leading to radiation resistance and reducing treatment effectiveness. Blocking the inflammatory response may improve outcomes for patients.
Researchers have identified a new potential treatment for squamous cell lung cancer by targeting a specific protein called DDR2, which interacts with collagen to protect against cancer growth. The findings could lead to the development of targeted therapies for this previously untreatable form of lung cancer.
A $6 million CU Boulder instrument will study lunar dust behavior, helping answer why astronauts saw a pre-sunrise glow on the moon. The LADEE mission, launched on Sept. 6, will orbit the moon for a month to collect data and answer questions about lunar dust transport.
New research published in The FASEB Journal found that dieting prior to or at conception can be detrimental, leading to poor metabolic consequences for the offspring. Epigenetic damage might have already been done, even if weight loss occurs just before conception.
Research from University of Kent suggests perfectionism and high work motivation contribute to workaholism. Self-oriented perfectionists tend to exhibit higher levels of workaholism due to internal drivers such as self-control and rewards.
A study by researchers at Princeton University found that poverty can impair cognitive function, making it difficult for individuals to focus on tasks unrelated to financial concerns. This impairment can lead to poor decision-making and increased mistakes in other areas of life.
A new gene mutation in FBXL4 has been linked to rare but devastating mitochondrial disorders. The discovery enables genetic testing for affected families, providing them with peace of mind and potentially leading to new treatments for the disorders.
A genetic mutation in the androgen-synthesizing enzyme 3βHSD1 enables tumors to produce their own supply of androgens, leading to the growth of castration-resistant prostate cancer. This discovery could lead to the development of biomarkers and targeted therapies for personalized medicine.
The Broad Institute's Cancer Therapeutics Response Portal (CTRP) has launched to match patients with potentially effective drugs. Researchers can use the portal to find therapeutically exploitable vulnerabilities in different cancer types, identifying genes that may provide new therapeutic targets.
A Cedars-Sinai researcher has been awarded $5.18 million to advance stem cell technologies in segmental bone defects. The team aims to develop a novel approach to treat the condition without grafting bone, using stem cells and ultrasound to deliver a bone-forming gene.
A team of neuroscientists found that better coordination between two brain regions is associated with less forgetting and longer-lasting memories. The study suggests that the brain strengthens memories by distributing them across networks, a process that takes time.
Researchers found that statins can activate telomerase, slowing down senescent cells and potentially leading to healthy lifespan extension. The study suggests that statins could be used as an anti-aging therapy, mitigating age-related diseases like heart disease and cancer.
Research suggests that familiar voices sharpen auditory perception and help individuals focus on one voice at a time. Middle-aged adults can use familiarity to ignore their spouse's voice and better understand unfamiliar voices, while older adults struggle with this task.
A team of 8 researchers from Kansas State University is studying the Smoky Hill Watershed to improve Great Plains water sustainability, focusing on human activity and climate change impacts. The project aims to build resiliency in both human and natural systems for economic, cultural, and ecological benefits.
A University of Maryland-led research team found that young whooping cranes learn their migration route from older birds and get better at it with age. The study shows that individual birds' ability to stick to the route increases steadily each year up to about age 5, and remains roughly constant from that point on.
The Rim Fire in California has burned over 192,000 acres, with 30% containment achieved through aircraft and water/chemical dumping. Large burnout operations are planned for the southeastern edge of the fire in Yosemite National Park, hampered by remote terrain and extreme fire behavior.
University of Arizona researchers have discovered a new secret in spider venom, finding that the venom produces a different chemical product in the human body than previously thought. This discovery has implications for understanding how brown recluse spider bites affect humans and developing possible treatments.
Indigenous groups from 17 countries deploy powerful mapping tools combined with traditional knowledge to mark and safeguard their lands. The technology helps document history, catalog natural resources, and bolster fights against destruction of forests, peatlands, and waterways.
A study has identified a metabolic network associated with Huntington's disease progression, allowing for predictive assessment of time to symptom onset. This discovery provides biomarkers for evaluating disease progression in carriers and supports the incorporation of this assessment into clinical trials.
Patients with postoperative surgical complications were six times more likely to be readmitted, according to a study in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Obesity and anemia were also independent risk factors for hospital readmission, highlighting the importance of early recognition and intervention.
Research suggests that lifelong exposure to low levels of food contaminants can lead to metabolic diseases, with females showing a deterioration in glucose tolerance and liver-related changes. The study highlights the potential impact of pollutants on public health when combined in realistic mixtures.
A new study finds Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy, a human heart disease, in chimpanzees. The condition was detected in two half-brother chimps who died suddenly during physical exertion at a UK zoo.
A new genomic characterization of remission in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patients reveals that their immune systems remain perturbed even during symptom-free periods. The study highlights the importance of HNF4a as a master switch regulating therapeutic response, and its potential to inform personalized treatment strategies.
A study from the University of Hawaii – SOEST found that sea-level rise is a primary driver of shoreline change in Hawaii, with historical rates of erosion being about two orders of magnitude greater than SLR. The research highlights the importance of targeting SLR impacts in coastal zone decision-making and planning.
Tropical Storm Juliette weakened near Mexico's Baja California on Aug 29, 2013, with maximum sustained winds near 40 mph/65 kph. Two other low-pressure areas in the Eastern Pacific were also being monitored for development.
New research finds that a subpopulation of immune cells, known as T lymphocytes, have platelets bound to their surface, reducing activation and proliferation. This discovery opens the door to potential treatments targeting platelet binding to lymphocytes.
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists have identified a protein that blocks death of high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, leading to a new two-drug combination therapy approach. The study shows promise for treating Ph-positive ALL, a high-risk cancer with limited treatment options.
The North American Menopause Society (NAMS) has published new guidance for diagnosing and treating vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA), a condition affecting up to 45% of women after menopause. The guidance emphasizes the importance of effective treatments, including simple vaginal lubricants, estrogen therapy, and nonhormonal options.
Tropical cyclones rely on hundreds of thunderstorms with coldest cloud top temperatures to produce heavy rain. Infrared imagery from NASA's Aqua satellite revealed that wind shear was pushing storm systems away from the center of Tropical Storm Kong-Rey.
Researchers developed a way to change pancreatic cells to produce insulin, reducing the need for two pancreas donations for successful islet cell transplants. This breakthrough could save months of waiting time for Type 1 diabetes patients and make more organs available.
A new PRA gene has been identified in the Phalene and Papillon dog breeds, causing progressive blindness in dogs. The CNGB1 mutation is linked to human retinitis pigmentosa, highlighting the shared genetic etiology of canine and human diseases. Genetic testing can help breeders avoid affected puppies and provide a diagnostic tool.
A transparent disk using a saltwater gel and ionic conductor produces sounds across the entire audible spectrum, demonstrating capabilities of ionic conductors. This technology has potential applications in biomedical devices, fast-moving robotics, and adaptive optics.
Three NIH scientists, Drs. Warner Greene, Richard Sutton, and Timothy Cardozo, receive $500,000 each to support groundbreaking HIV/AIDS research. Their projects focus on modifying the immune response to prevent further CD4 T-cell loss, identifying protective genes against HIV infection, and developing a combined cocaine/HIV vaccine.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine found that a blood pressure medication speeds up TB treatment in mice, potentially making it easier for infected people to complete their therapy. The study suggests verapamil, commonly used to treat high blood pressure and headaches, could be an effective add-on therapy when combined with standard...
A study published in the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology found that African Americans with lower incomes have lower rates of living kidney donation compared to White Americans. However, among high-income African Americans, they actually have higher rates of donation. The findings highlight the importance of targeting soci...
Researchers found that alcohol intoxication reduces coupling between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex, impairing ability to accurately appraise environment and respond to social signals. This study provides insight into maladaptive behaviors seen in alcohol intoxication, including social disinhibition and aggression.
Computer models predict coral reef ecosystem shifts due to warming and acidification, with the Western Pacific becoming less suitable by 2070. Coral Triangle biodiversity is also at risk, while some areas like the eastern Pacific may remain suitable.
A recent UCSB study analyzed whole-body fish samples from oil-and-gas production platforms and natural sites for heavy metal pollutants. The results showed that most elements were consistently present at both types of locations, with some species exhibiting varying levels of pollutants between juveniles and adults.
A team of geneticists identified five different alleles in the Ethiopian population that cause adult lactase production, highlighting a soft selective sweep. This phenomenon allows individuals to digest milk via different mutations, increasing their chances of survival under scarce food conditions.
Researchers from Notre Dame and Moi University are examining the unique manifestation of breast cancer in Kenya. The collaboration aims to identify novel insights into the mechanisms of breast cancer progression, which could ultimately help women worldwide.
Researchers extended mouse lifespan by 20% through gene manipulation, with some organs aging better than others. This increase is equivalent to a 16-year boost in human lifespan, offering insights into aging and potential therapies for age-related diseases.
A new study finds that better-educated middle-aged Americans are more inclined to make healthy behavior changes in response to new medical conditions. The research reveals significant differences in health habits between education levels, with college graduates more likely to quit smoking and engage in physical activity.
Research reveals a significant relationship between chronic illness and household food insecurity, with adults experiencing more severe food insecurity as their health problems increase. The study suggests that managing chronic illnesses imposes additional financial burdens, limiting individuals' ability to afford food.
A team of researchers led by WPI's Gregory Fischer will test a new minimally invasive approach to treating brain tumors using a robot designed to work within an MRI scanner. The system promises to accurately destroy malignant tissue while leaving surrounding tissue unaffected, offering a significant improvement over current treatments.
Scientists discovered a new weakness in cancer cells that makes them more susceptible to chemotherapy by targeting the HDAC5 protein. Cancer cells with longer telomeres tend to be resistant to therapies, while shorter telomeres make them more vulnerable to treatment.
A recent study published in the Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology found that individuals with type 2 diabetes and normal kidney function who have persistent albuminuria (protein in the urine) are at a greater risk for cognitive decline. The study, which followed 2977 diabetics over four to five years, showed that t...
A 150-year-old moss bank on the Antarctic Peninsula reveals rapid ecological changes driven by warming temperatures, showing sensitive flora and fauna responses to climate change. The study suggests future terrestrial biota changes will track projected temperature increases closely.
Researchers used PET scanning to map changes in brain metabolism in Huntington's disease gene carriers, identifying a characteristic network of abnormalities. This finding enables the tracking of disease progression and will aid in evaluating the effects of new drugs before symptoms appear.
A study published by the American Psychological Association found that men subconsciously feel worse about themselves when their female partner succeeds, regardless of whether they excel or fail in a specific area. Women's self-esteem, however, is not affected by their male partners' successes or failures.
Northwestern University researchers develop method to change molecular properties by altering surface geometry, mimicking nature's simplicity. The technique enables the creation of patchy nanoparticles with unique chemical properties, opening doors for new materials and applications.
Researchers found that excessive noise activates certain cells in the ear, causing them to detach and damage the blood barrier. A new compound, PEDF, shows promise in preventing this type of damage, offering hope for treating tinnitus and sound hypersensitivity.
A new method developed by Michael DiMarzio identifies and tracks antibiotic-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium strains, which account for 15% of human salmonellosis infections. The study uses CRISPR sequences to separate isolates with common resistance patterns in both animals and humans.
A pilot study by UC Davis researchers found that glucose monitoring systems with an autocorrect feature can produce more accurate blood glucose measurements, improving insulin dosing and glucose control for burn patients. This technology can help reduce mortality and morbidity in these patients.
An international team of researchers has confirmed theoretically-predicted interactions between single oxygen molecules and titanium dioxide, revealing a new atomic crystal dynamic. This discovery could lead to the development of more active oxygen-rich photocatalysts for converting CO2 into useful hydrocarbons.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes and UCSF uncovered a molecular process causing neurons to degenerate, a hallmark of conditions like Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia. The study used human stem cells with genetic mutations, allowing for the comparison of diseased and healthy neurons.
Researchers at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health call for President Obama to create a National Commission on the Health of Americans to address the country's declining health status. The US ranks last among peer nations in health, with high rates of adverse birth outcomes, heart disease, and infant mortality.
A new model system developed by Salk researchers completes the bridge between cellular and human studies of schizophrenia, enabling faster development of therapeutics. The model uses non-invasive scalp EEGs to detect brain activity, providing insights into sensory integration and neurotransmitter function.
Researcher Sendhil Mullainathan discovers that poverty's financial constraints can lead to significant cognitive deficits, affecting IQ and impulse control. The 'cognitive tax' caused by poverty can result in reduced adherence to medication regimens, among other behaviors.
Researchers found that certain genes, such as CXCL12 and IGF1, make breast cancer cells more likely to survive in bone tissue by mimicking the environment of their preferred organ. This discovery could lead to new drugs that prevent cancer spread to bone or other organs.
Researchers at the Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis have developed a method to interface molecular hydrogen-producing catalysts with a semiconductor that absorbs visible light. This breakthrough enables the production of hydrogen fuel from sunlight without external electrical potential.
A newly discovered compound has been identified as a potential diagnostic marker for zinc status, which can help detect the harmful effects of zinc deficiency in blood vessel cells. This discovery may lead to faster and easier methods for detecting low zinc levels in the body.
The Brain & Behavior Research Foundation has awarded $11.8 million to 200 new Young Investigator grantees conducting basic and clinical research on mental illness causes and treatments. This marks the 27th year of the program, which has invested over $300 million since 1987.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that women with low adiponectin levels prior to pregnancy are nearly seven times more likely to develop gestational diabetes. Low adiponectin levels were also linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes later in life.
Researchers identified two groups of individuals distinguished by the richness of their gut microbiota, with those having a poor gut microbiome being more likely to experience obesity and related metabolic issues. The study also found that certain bacterial species may play a protective role against weight gain.
Researchers at Whitehead Institute have developed a method to create conditional mutant mice using CRISPR/Cas, accelerating the process from years to weeks. This allows scientists to model diseases and study gene function with more efficiency.
Researchers identified a mechanism that limits the body clock's ability to adjust to changes in light patterns, slowing down recovery from jet-lag. Blocking this gene in mice allowed them to recover faster.
The study found that incarcerated men lack basic financial knowledge, with a focus on investing, self-employment, budgeting, and saving. They often prefer one-on-one instruction and have shown interest in entrepreneurship, particularly in construction and real estate.
A University of Michigan Medical School physician and medical historian argues that the 30-year-old Bayh-Dole law needs revision to prioritize public benefit over profits. The law's haphazard history and modern risks, including patenting human genes, warrant a rational dialogue about revising it.
Astronomers observe a unique protostar, IRAS 20324+4057, shaped like a cosmic caterpillar due to intense ultraviolet radiation. The star is still collecting material from its surrounding gas envelope, which is being eroded by nearby stars.
A new study by Prof. Sarah Kang found a significant relationship between ozone depletion and extreme daily precipitation in the Austral summer. The research used two global climate models to analyze the impact of stratospheric ozone depletion on precipitation patterns.
A Texas A&M University biologist is working on a potential drug to combat the deadliest form of gut bacteria, C. difficile, which causes 14,000 deaths annually in America. The researcher aims to develop an inhibitor that prevents the spores from growing and causing disease.
A study by Aalto University shows that improved customer satisfaction with a company increases ownership and share value among institutional investors. In uncertain markets, customer satisfaction is key to attracting investors, who prioritize long-term marketing competence over short-term profits.
A new study by Bear Braumoeller at Ohio State University suggests that while conflict may be less common, the ability of countries to wage war has decreased over time. The analysis found no clear trend indicating a decrease in nations' willingness to go to war.
A new study found that consuming at least two servings of whole fruits, particularly blueberries, grapes, and apples, lowers the risk of type 2 diabetes. In contrast, drinking one or more servings of fruit juice daily increases diabetes risk.
A new study published in The FASEB Journal found that consuming twice the recommended daily allowance of protein helps prevent muscle loss and promotes fat loss. Tripling protein had no additional benefits.
A team led by Dr. Aleksandar Jeremic will investigate the molecular and biochemical events leading to amylin aggregation, a key factor in type 2 diabetes. Their research may lead to new treatments for the disease by preventing amylin toxicity.
The Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity project uses Landsat data to quantify large fires nationwide, providing long-term burn severity maps. Researchers investigate fire behavior changes over years using the valuable data, revealing increasing fire activity in the western US.
A team of astronomers used NASA's Chandra X-ray space telescope to solve a long-standing mystery about super massive black hole accretion rates. They found that most SMBHs swallow very little cosmic material and instead reject hot gases due to their high temperatures.
A Penn study finds that shutting off GABA neurons helps bullied mice overcome symptoms of depression and anxiety. The research suggests targeting GABA neurons as a new potential drug target to treat patients with depression and other mood disorders.
Researchers successfully introduced mass into Dirac electrons, a crucial step towards understanding topological crystalline insulators. The discovery provides new insights into the electronic behavior of these materials and paves the way for novel functionalities at the nanoscale.
Astronomers have discovered a Trojan asteroid sharing the orbit of Uranus, challenging previous estimates. The study predicts that three percent of scattered objects between Jupiter and Neptune should be co-orbitals with Uranus or Neptune.
Research suggests that poverty can impair cognitive functioning, leading to poor decision-making and perpetuating financial struggles. The study found that individuals with pressing financial concerns exhibit a significant drop in cognitive function, similar to a 13-point dip in IQ.
Researchers identified a protein that correlates with breast cancer aggressiveness and may predict prognosis; small molecule inhibitors could be developed as therapeutic drugs for breast cancer treatment.
Portugal's Serra da Estrela National Park was finally brought under control after 24 hours of fighting, but one firefighter killed and nine injured. The fires have destroyed over 31,000 hectares this year, according to Portugal's conservation institute.
A University of Michigan study found two critical components involved in the brain's cell clearing process: TRPML1 calcium channel protein and an alipid molecule. The researchers also identified a synthetic chemical compound that can activate TRPML1, potentially providing a drug target for combating neurological diseases.
A study by McGill University and Oxford University found that learning a second language after infancy stimulates new neural growth and connections. The research suggests that the difficulty of learning a second language later in life may be due to structural changes in the brain.
A massive canyon hidden under a mile of ice has been discovered in Greenland, stretching over 460 miles and reaching depths of 2,600 feet. The feature is thought to be ancient, pre-dating the current ice sheet, and plays a crucial role in transporting sub-glacial meltwater.
A blood test developed by MGH researchers can detect levels of mutant huntingtin protein, which causes Huntington's disease. The assay uses HTRF technology and may predict symptom onset or progression.
Researchers developed a collagen patch that speeds up generation of new cells and blood vessels in damaged heart tissue, reducing tissue damage and improving cardiac function. The patch replaces the epicardium, the outer layer of heart tissue, allowing for growth of new tissue and improved delivery of oxygen and nutrients.
Researchers at Lund University have found that Zebularine, an old cancer drug, can prevent organ rejection in transplant patients. The treatment also showed promise in curing type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis by suppressing the immune system's reaction to healthy tissue.
Astronomers using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory have found that less than 1 percent of the gas within 26,000 light-years of the Milky Way Galaxy's giant black hole reaches its event horizon. Instead, most gas is ejected before it can brighten and emit X-rays.
A recent study using DNA barcodes identified two distinct species of diamondback moths in Australia, one of which is the well-known pest and the other a newly discovered species named Plutella australiana. The discovery highlights the complexity of this global pest and its ability to evolve resistance to control methods.
Frontiers' new journal in Energy Research will publish rigorously peer-reviewed articles on various topics related to energy systems, including nanotechnology solutions, policies, and storage. The journal aims to provide a free-to-access platform for researchers to share their findings with the scientific community.
A study of 2380 cases found that unintentional buprenorphine exposure in children under 6 led to lethargy, respiratory depression, and death. The majority of exposures involved tablets, highlighting the need for caregivers to store medications safely.
A recent study published in BMJ Open found that lesbian and gay young people in England are twice as likely to smoke and drink alcohol compared to their heterosexual peers. The research also revealed that gay and lesbian young people have more frequent and hazardous drinking patterns.